区普通初中毕业考试和高中阶段招生考试大纲(英语)文库.doc

2007年漳州市课改实验区普通初中毕业考试和高中阶段招生考试大纲(英语)清华大学英语系测试：为中学英语量身定做.官方网站：/ 清华大学英语教授50年研究成果2007年漳州市课改实验区普通初中毕业考试和高中阶段招生考试大纲（英 语）一、命题依据以教育部制订的全日制义务教育英语课程标准（实验稿）（以下简称课程标准）为依据，参照2007年福建省初中英语学业考试大纲，结合我市英语教学实际进行命题。二、命题原则按照教育部制定的课程标准和我市英语教学实际。坚持以学生为本，切实体现素质教育、面向全体的要求，立足基础，难易适中，全面考查学生的听、说、读、写四项技能。注重考查学生运用所学的知识和技能分析、解决问题的能力；正确发挥考试的导向功能，做到有利于激发和培养学生学习英语的兴趣，建立学习英语的成就感和自信心，提高综合语言运用能力；有利于引导教师改进教学和学生学会学习；有利于普通高中招生改革和事业发展。三、适用范围漳州市九年级学生初中英语学业考试。四、考试范围以教育部制定的课程标准所规定的九年级结束时应达到的“五级目标”的基本要求为考试的范围。侧重考查学生的语言技能、语言知识、跨文化交际意识和跨文化交际能力，即听、说、读、写技能以及词汇知识和语法知识的能力。五、考试形式听力测试和笔试同卷进行，采用闭卷考试的形式。全卷满分为150分，考试时间为120分钟。六、试卷难度试题难度值控制在0.8左右；易：中：难的比例为8：1：1。七、试卷结构1、题型占分比例选择题（第卷）：95分主观题（第卷）：55分2、内容占分比例听力：30分口语运用：15分阅读理解：40分基础知识与运用：45分写作：20分清华大学英语系测试：为中小学生英语量身定做.官方网站：/ 清华大学英语教授50年研究成果Unit 9:现在完成时讲解一 基本结构：助动词have/has+过去分词(done) 二句型：否定句：主语+have/has+not+过去分词+其他.一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其他.简略答语: Yes, 主语 + have/has.(肯定)No, 主语 + havent/hasnt.(否定)三用法（1）现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果I have spent all of my money (so far).(含义是:现在我没有钱花了.) Guo zijun has (just/already) come. (含义：郭子君现在在这儿)My father has gone to work.(含义是:我爸爸现在不在这儿) （2）现在完成时可以用来表示发生在过去某一时刻的,持续到现在的动作（用行为动词表示）或状态（be动词表示）常与for（+时间段）,since（+时间点或过去时的句子）连用. for+时段since+过去一个时间点（译为：自从以来）since+时段+agosince+从句（过去时）It is+时段+since+从句（过去时）Mary has been ill for three days. I have lived here since 1998. 四has gone (to),has been (to), has been (in) 的区别 Have/Has gone(to) :去了(现在不在说话现场)Where is your father？He has gone to Shanghai. Have/Has been (to) :去过（已不在去过的地方）My father has been to Shanghai. Have/has been in：呆了多久（还在所呆的地方）My father has been in Shanghai for two months. /since two months ago.五现在完成时的标志1.现在完成时的含义之一是过去完成的动作对现在仍有影响,用以下四大标志词可以表达这种含义: * 以already, just和yet为标志 He has already got her help.他已得到她的帮助。He has just seen the film.他刚刚看过这场电影。He hasnt come back yet.他还没有回来。* 以ever和never为标志This is the best film I have ever seen.这是我曾经看过的最好的一部电影。He has never been to Beijing.他从没有到过北京。* 以动作发生的次数为标志He says he has been to the USA three times. 他说他已经去过美国三次了。* 以so far（到目前为止）为标+before He has got to Beijing so far.到目前为止他已到了北京。She has passed the examso far.到目前为止她已经通过了考试。2.过去已经开始的动作一直延续到现在, 甚至有可能继续延续下去,我们可以从动作“延续”的特性和“时间”点段的区分入手,进一步学习现在完成时。* for+时段 since+过去一个时间点（过去 从句）为标志注意： 1)现在完成时不能单独与过去的时间状语连用, 如yesterday,last week, three years ago 等; 2)不能与when连用 2.现在完成时往往同表示不确定的过去时间状语连用六过去分词 1 、规则动词：规则动词的过去分词的构成规则与规则动词的过去式的构成规则相同。四点变化规则： (1)、一般动词，在词尾直接加“ ed ”。 work-worked-worked ,visit-visited-visited (2)、以“ e ”结尾的动词，只在词尾加“ d ”。 live-lived-lived , (3)、以“辅音字母 + y ”结尾的动词，将 y 变为 i ，再加“ ed ”。 study-studied-studied ,cry-cried-cried (4)、重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母，再加“ ed ”。 stop-stopped-stopped , drop-dropped-dropped 2 、不规则动词：AAA型原型 过去式 过去分词burst burst burst hurt hurt hurt let let letcast cast castcost cost costcut cut cuthit hit hitput put putset set setshut shut shutspread spread spreadread read read read原形发音为/ri:d/,过去式和过去分词发音为/red/AAB型 beat beat beaten ABA型become became becomerun ran runcome came come特殊情况 ABB型bring brought broughtbuy bought boughtbuild built builtburn burnt burntcatch caught caughtdig dug dugfeel felt feltfight fought foughtfind found foundhear heard heardhold held heldkeep kept keptlay laid laidlead led ledlose lost lostmake made mademeet met metsell sold soldshoot shot shotsit sat satstand stood stoodsweep swept sweptteach taught taughttell told told think thought thoughtwin won wonABC型 begin began begunblow blew blownbreak broke brokenchoose chose chosendraw drew drawndrive drove drivendrink drank drunk fly flew flownforgive forgave forgivenforget forgot forgottenfreeze froze frozengive gave givengrow grew grownknow knew knownride rode riddenrise rose risenring rang rungshake shook shakensing sang sungsink sank sunkswim swam swumthrow threw thrownwrite wrote written七 瞬间动词（buy,die,join,come，go ,leave,join ）不能直接与for since 连用。要改变动词buy-have borrow -keep come/arrive/reach/get to-be in go out-be out leave -be awaybegin-be on finish-be overopen-be open close -be closed die-be dead1.have代替buy My brother has had(不能用has bought) this bike for almost four years. 2、用keep或have代替borrow I have kept(不能用have borrowed) the book for quite a few days. 3、用be替代become How long has your sister been a teacher? 4、用have a cold代替catch a cold Tom has had a cold since the day before yesterday. 5、用wear代替put on b)用“be形容词”代终止性动词 1、bemarried代marry 2、beill代fall (get) ill 3、bedead代die 4、beasleep代fall (get) asleep 5、beawake代wake/wake up 6、begone代lose,die,sell,leave 7、beopen代open 8、be closed代close/shut 9、bemissing(gone,lost)代lose c)用“be副词”代终止性动词 1“beon”代start,begin 2“beup”代get up 3“beback(to)”代return to,come back to,go back to 4“be here (there)”代come(arrive,reach,get) here或go (arrive,reach,get) there等等 d)用“be介词短语”代终止性动词 1.“be in/at +地点”代替go to /come to 2.用be in the army 代替join the army 3.“be in/at +地点”代替move to 常用瞬间动词变延续性动词表：1. have arrived at/in sw. got to/reached sw. come/gone/moved to sw. have been in sw./at相应的介词2. have come/gone back/returned have been back 3. have come/gone out have been out4. have become have been5. have closed / opened have been close/open6. have got up have been up； 7. have died have been dead；8. have left sw. have been away from sw.9. have fallen asleep/got to sleep have been asleep； 10. have finished/ended/completed have been over； 11. havemarried have been married；12. have started/begun to do sth. have done sth. ；13. have begun have been on14. have borrowed/bought have kept/had 15. have lost havent had16. have put on have worn 17. have caught /get a cold have had a cold； 18. have got to know have known19. have/has gone to have been in20. have joined/have taken part in the league/the Party/the armyhave been a member of/ have been in/have been the Partys member/the league member/the soldier 现在完成时练习(一)A)选用have, has填空:1.I _ told him the news.2.She _ come back from school.3.You _ won the game.B)按要求改写下列各句:4.They have bought a computer.(改成否定句)_5.He has lost his book.(先改成一般疑问句,再作肯定与否定回答)_C) 单项选择6. -Where have you _, Kate?-Ive _ to the bank.A. gone, goneB. been, beenC. gone, beenD. been, gone7. Her grandfather _ for two years. A. diedB. has diedC. has been deadD. has been died8. Its six weeks _ I met you last.A. whenB. sinceC. beforeD. for9. Tom and Jack have arrived at West Hill Farm already.A. have gotB. have gone toC. have been toD. have reached现在完成时练习（二）一、 单项选择。1、Both his parents look sad . Maybe they _whats happened to him .（呼和浩特）. knew . have known . must know .will know2、He has _ been to Shanghai , has he ?. already .never .ever . still 3、Have you met Mr Li _？. just . ago .before . a moment ago4、The famous writer _ one new book in the past two years . is writing .was writing .wrote .has written5、Our country _ a lot so far .Yes . I hope it will be even _ . has changed ; well . changed ; good. has changed ; better . changed ; better 6、Zhao Lan _already _in this school for two years . was ; studying . will ; study. has ; studied . are ; studying 7、We _ Xiao Li since she was a little girl . know . had known . have known . knew8、Harry Potter is a very nice film .I_ it twice . will see . have seen . saw .see9、These farmers have been to the United States . Really ? When _ there ?. will they go . did they go. do they go . have they gone 10、_ you _ your homework yet ? Yes . I _ it a moment ago . Did ; do ; finished . Have ; done ; finished. Have ; done ; have finished . will ; do ; finish11、 His father _ the Party since 1978 . joined . has joined . was in . has been in 12、Do you know him well ? Sure .We _ friends since ten years ago . were . have been . have become . have made 13、How long have you _ here ?About two months . been . gone . come . arrived 14、Hurry up! The play _ for ten minutes . has begun . had begun. has been on . began15、 It _ ten years since he left the army . is . has . will . was16、 Miss Green isnt in the office . she_ to the library .has gone . went .will go . has been 17、My parents _ Shandong for ten years . have been in . have been to. have gone to . have been18、The students have cleaned the classroom, ?A. so they B. dont they C. have they D. havent they19、 has Mr White been a member of Greener China since he to China?A. How soon, comes B. How often, got C. How long, came D. How far, arrived 20、 His uncle_for more than 9 years.A. has come here B. has started to work C. has lived there D. has left the university二、 句型转换。1、He has never surfed, ?（改成反意疑问句） 2、They have been here since 2000. (对划线部分提问)_they been here?3、The old man _ last year. He for a year. (die) （动词填空）4、This factory opened twenty years ago.(同义句转换)This factory _ for twenty years.5、Miss Gao left an hour ago. (同义句转换)Miss Gao _ _ _ _ an hour ago.6、Her mother has been a Party member for three years .（同义句） Her mother _ the Party three years _ .7、The Green Family moved to France two years ago. (同义句转换)_ two years _ the Green family moved to France.8、The bus has arrived here. It arrived ten minutes ago. (把两个句子合并成一个句子) _ 三、 汉译英。1、 吉姆已做完作业，他现在有空了。2、 他昨天收到一封信。3、 我父亲以前到过长城。4、 她还没有看过那部新电影。5、 她去过上海。6、 他这些天上哪儿去了？参考答案：一、单项选择。1、现在完成时主要强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，或过去发生的动作还未结束，一直持续到现在或将来，重点在于对现在的影响。这种考查难度较大，往往无时间状语，需要从上下文分析、推理才行。故上两侧根据上下文分析、推理，正确答案是。2、现在完成时常与already（已经），just（刚刚，正好），ever（曾经），never（从来，也不；从不），before（以前），yet（仍然）等连用。故2应选B。3、C4、现在完成时常与recently（近来），so far（到目前为止），in the past/“last + 一段时间”等时间状语连用。因为上述短语表示的是从现在起往前推算的一段时间，句中的动作是从过去某一时间或时刻开始持续到现在的。故4应选D。5、C6、现在完成时时常与“for +时间段或since +过去时间点”连用（含从句，从句过去时）。故6应选C。7、C8、现在完成时还与once（一次），twice（两次），three times（三次），several times（几次）等表示重复次数的词语连用。故8应选B。9、现在完成时与一般过去时容易混淆，就是因为它们所表示的动作都发生在过去，但二者又有区别：一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的事、存在的状态或经常发生的动作，说话的侧重点在于陈述一件过去的事情，与现在没有关系；现在完成时表示与现在有关系的发生在过去的动作，它不与表示过去的时间状语（如yesterday , last week , a moment ago等）连用。故9的正确答案为B。10、B11、现在完成时中，非延续性动词不能与for和since引导的表示一段时间的状语连用，通常是用相应的延续性动词来代替。故11的正确答案依次为：D。12、B 13、A 14、C 15、A。16、“have/has gone to + 地点”表示“某人去了某地（还未回来）”，指主语所指的人不在这儿。“have/has been in + 地点”表示“在某地呆了多长时间”，常与表示时间的状语连用。“have/has been to +地点”表示“曾经去过某地（但现在已不在那儿）。”故16的正确答案为A。17、A 18、D 19、C 20、C二、句型转换。1、has he? 2、How long 3、died, has been dead 4、has been open 5、has been away 6、joined；ago7、It is, since 8、The bus has been here for ten minutes.三、汉译英。1、Jim has finished doing his homework already. He is free now.2、He received a letter yesterday.3、My father has been to the Great Wall before.4、She hasnt seen the new film yet.5、She has been to Shanghai.6、Where has he been these days？ 清华大学英语系测试：为中小学生英语量身定做.官方网站：/ 清华大学英语教授50年研究成果 2009北京中考英语试题结构解析及2010中考分析预测2009年中考基本上保持了试题的连续性和稳定性，体现了遵循大纲，注重基础，彰显能力，稳中求活的特点。试题紧扣课本，贴近生活。一、2009年北京中考英语试题结构解析英语学科考试试卷总分120分，考试时间为120分钟。试题易、中、难比例为6：2：2.试卷结构内容和题型题量分值第一卷70分听力理解1818一、听对话选图44二、听对话或独白选择答案1414语言知识应用2828三、单项选择1616四、完形填空1212阅读理解1224五、阅读短文选择最佳选项1224第二卷50分听力理解48一、听对话或独白记录信息48语言知识应用10二、完成句子510阅读理解1217三、阅读短文选词填空77四、阅读短文回答问题510书面表达15五、文段表达115总计1080120对比08年，今年的考题难度增大。除了词汇量增加到2000左右、习惯用语和固定搭配由95个增加到200个，英语科目的试题结构和分值也有调整。增加了部分听力和缩减了单项填空题目的题量和分值，增加了阅读理解的分数比重，同时，“阅读与表达”部分的大题由一道增加到了两道。二、听力理解今年的听力理解题较08年的试题，分值没有变化但是题量增大，选择题由14道小题增加到18道;难度相应增加。1.听对话选图题由08年的6道题减少至4道题;2.听对话和独白题的题量由08年的8道题增加至14道题，每道小题的分值由1.5分降为1分。考查范围对比前几年更加广泛，考查学生的日常交流能力实际运用能力;该部分难度比以往有所增加;3.短文填空考查学生对短文的理解能力及提取信息的能力，较08年难度有所增加三、语言知识运用1.单项填空09年单项填空题题量由18道题减少为16道题，但加强了试题的深度和难度，其中20、21、22、24、26题把语法和日常生活结合起来，题在书外，理却在书中。充分体现了“淡化语法，注重语言应用和交际”的理念：考点题号1.代词19，20，232.时态27，29，313.介词214.连词225. 形容词、副词24，266. there be句型257. 情态动词288. 主将从现309. 被动语态3210. 非谓语3311. 宾语从句34下面对09年英语试卷中的单项填空题作一详细解析：1)第19题考查人称代词的用法，人称代词主格作主语2)第20题考查疑问词的使用3)第21题考查介词的用法，in + 年、季、月4)第22题考查并列连词的使用，前后两句是转折关系，所以选but5)第23题考查oneanother与onethe other的区别6)第24题从than可知考查形容词的比较级7)第25题考查there be句型，这个句式中的动词常与最近的主语在数上保持一致8)第26题考查形容词最高级的用法9)第27、29、31题分别考查现在进行时、一般过去时和现在完成时，第28题考查情态动词10)第30题考查“主将从现”的用法11)第32题考查一般过去时的被动语态12)第33题考查固定搭配ask sb to do sth13)第34题考查宾语从句，宾语从句的两大原则是“时态一致、语序陈述”2.完形填空共12小题，每题1分。完形填空属于较难题，09年的难度比08年稍大，通过下表我们可以清楚地看到考点的分布：词性分类题号1. 代词35，372. 名词36，45，463. 形容词38，394. 动词40，41，42，435. 连词44动词依然成为考查的重点，而且四题连考动词，难度加大。40、41、42题考查单词间细微的差别，是很多考生平日里所欠缺的，在短期内不易提高，需要平时的积累和反馈。43题“not/never fail to do 注定，一定能够”考查双重否定，类似的句子我们在新概念216课里见过：If you receive a request like this， you cannot fail to obey it!今年完形难度最大的题出自名词(45题)， make the difference 起作用，有影响星沙英语3.完成句子今年的完成句子和去年相比和去年的中考题相比，难度基本持平，属于“送分题”。详解如下：65. 重点句式：怎么样(提出建议)：What / How about?66. 重点句式：It is + adj. + for sb./sth. to do sth.67. 重点短语：一就 as soon as68. 重点短语：不但而且 not only but also69. 重点短语：阻止某人做某事 prevent/keep/stop sb. from doing sth. 该短语在海淀09一模考试中曾出现过：“我想我们应该阻止人们在公共场合吸烟 I think we should stop people from smoking in public places.”四、阅读理解1. 阅读短文选择最佳选项题量由08年的11道题增加至12道题，分值由22分增加为24分。阅读理解的难度比08年大， A、B两篇基本持平，属于送分，C篇的难度加大：1、篇幅比08年长，506 words，而08年的C篇只有400 words;2、题材是同学们不太熟悉的心理学，而去年的题材是关于社会学理论的，相对较易。2. 阅读短文选词填空共7小题，每题1分。该题型难度与去年持平，属于送分题。3. 阅读短文回答问题共5小题，每题2分。难度与08年持平。对于阅读与表达，我们需要做到“保四争一”：保证前四题全对，最后一题做对一半就行了。因为最后一题没有真正意义上的标准答案，考官是酌情给分的。五、书面表达今年写作题考的是家务劳动，属于传统话题，目的是保证让大家有话可说。所以写作的重点不在于观点的新颖，而在于语言的优美。08年的写作则紧扣时事，写作的难度稍大。六、展望2010年中考通过对2009年中考试卷的分析，我们觉得2010年北京中考英语的难度将会稳中有增。对知识的考查会更加灵活，注重知识与语境的结合，整个试卷不是孤立地考查某些知识点，而是通过一定的语境来实现对基础知识的考查，基础知识立足于课本，源于课本，但又不拘泥于课本，强调运用，贴近生活，选材丰富多样，此种命题趋势在2010年的中考英语中会得到近一步的加强。同学们在平时的学习中要做到“知其然，知其所以然”，真正、全面掌握知识点的用法。总之，我们认为2010年中考英语试题，将近一步体现新课标的理念，注重对学生用英语进行听，说， 读，写能力的全面考查，只要我们把握好了中考命题方向，掌握好做题的技巧，对学生训练有度，我们就会取得2010年的中考胜利。星沙英语 清华大学英语系测试：为中小学生英语量身定做.官方网站：/ 清华大学英语教授50年研究成果形容词副词专练一. 单项填空1There are many young trees on sides of the road.A. everyB. each C. both D. all2- Its so cold today.- Yes, its than it was yesterday.A. more coldB. more colderC. much colder D. cold3Little Tom has friends, so he often plays alone.A. moreB. a littleC. manyD. few4She isnt so at maths as you are.A. wellB. goodC. betterD. best5Peter writes of the three.A. betterB. bestC. goodD. well6He is enough to carry the heavy box.A. strongerB. much stronger C. strong D. the strongest7I bought exercise-books with money.A. a few; a fewB. a few; a little C. a little; a few D. a little; a little8The box is heavy for the girl carry.A. too; toB. to; tooC. so; thatD. no; to9The ice in the lake is about one meter . Its strong enough to skate on.A. longB. highC. thickD. wide10Wu Lin ran faster than the other boys in the sports meeting.A. soB. muchC. veryD. too11. Jone looks so _ today because she has got an “A” in her maths test.A. happy B. happily C. angry D. angrily12. The smile on my fathers face showed that he was _ with me.A. sad B. pleased C. angry D. sorry13. -Mum, could you buy me a dress like this? -Certainly, we can buy _ one than this, but _ this.A. a better; better than B. a worse; as good asC. a cheaper; as good as D. a more important; good as14. -This digital camera is really cheap! -The _ the better. Im short of money, you see.A. cheap B. cheaper C. expensive D. more expensive15. If you want to learn English well, you must use it as _ as possible.A. often B. long C. hard D. soon16. Paul has _ friends except me, and sometimes he feels lonely.A. many B. some C. few D. more17. English people _ use Mr. Before a mans first name.A. never B. usually C. often D. sometimes18. -One more satellite was sent up into space in China in May. -Right. The government spoke _ that.A. highly for B. high ofC. well of D. highly of19. -Remember this, children. _ careful you are, _ mistakes you will make. -We know, Miss Gao.A. The more; the more B. The fewer; the moreC. The more; the fewer D. The less; the less20. I have _ to do today.A. anything important B. something importantC. important nothing D. important something二. 用所给单词的