模拟训练 8 答案与解析.doc

模拟训练 8 答案与解析Part I Writing Overseas Study at an Early Age Nowadays more and more parents are eager to send their children to study abroad before they finish high school by whatever means and at whatever cost.It is quite understandable for parents to send their children to study overseas because they place high expectations on their children. They are encouraged by the success stories of those who have completed their overseas study. With the development of economy, companies and institutions at home are giving more and more emphasis on overseas experiences, too. Consequently, pursuing overseas study became a kind of short cut in gaining a better future. Moreover, there is still one underlying reason for this rush economic reason. The rapid economic progress in the past few years in China has enabled more and more parents to afford the huge cost for their childrens overseas study.As for me, overseas study is surely a helpful way to get both advanced knowledge and necessary experiences, but overseas study at an early age is neither necessary nor beneficial. The students may be too young to either tend for themselves or think for themselves. I do think that overseas study can contribute to ones self improvement, but its better to be pursued after one has finished his college study at home, when he is more capable of learning and living on his own.Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)1. 【答案】Y 2. 【答案】N 3. 【答案】Y 4. 【答案】NG 5. 【答案】N 6. 【答案】Y 7. 【答案】Y 8. 【答案】gain more weight【解析】此处的研究指的是文章的第三段Cornell University所做的研究，该研究表明新婚夫妇比单身的人或鳏寡独居的人总体来说更容易发胖，特别是在结婚的头两年。原文如下：newlyweds gain more weight on average than single people or widowers or divorcees, usually within the first two years of getting married.9. 【答案】exercising together【解析】文章提出的第一个建议就是进行健身约会，一起锻炼不仅动机最强，也是最有效的减肥方式。10. 【答案】limit the amount of calories (you consume each day) and eat the right amount of calories for your body【解析】文章的最后一段提到了减肥的秘诀，也就是本题的答案。Part III Listening Comprehension Section A 11. D 【解析】女士说亚当得了三个A, 男士表示自己听说的也是如此，所以答案为D。12. A 【解析】女士表示自己在学期论文方面有些问题，想要跟男士约时间探讨，而男士说自己的办公时间为八点到中午，据此判断，男士应该是她的老师，所以答案为A。13 A 【解析】男士问女士有没有写英国文学的论文，女士回答还没有，自己还在做写作作业，并且还要复习英文语法和法语，所以答案为A。14. M: Why are you so sure that Alice didnt commit the crime? W: She couldnt have committed that crime because I was with her. And we were out of town on that day. Q: Where was the crime most probably committed?D 【解析】男士问女士为何确定Alice没有犯罪，女士回答因为Alice一直和她在一起，她们一起去了城外，由此判定罪行发生在城里，所以答案为D。15. M: Isnt it rather cold outside, Lisa? W: It is a bit. But I cant stand the terrible smoke inside. Id rather stay here if you dont mind. Q: Why does the woman want to stay outside?D 【解析】男士问女士外面很冷吧，女士回答是的，但是她不能忍受烟味，于是待在户外，所以答案为D。16. W: Weve lived here in New York for 5 years now and I think its time to have the house painted. M: You are right. Mr. Mike, our neighbor, just had his house painted. But we cannot afford to do it unless we paint it ourselves. Q: Who is going to paint the house?D 【解析】女士跟男士说他们已经在目前的房子里住了五年，所以想要粉刷房子，男士说除非自己动手，否则无法负担粉刷房子的费用。所以答案为D，他们自己动手粉刷房子。17. M: The radio says itll be cloudy and raining today. What do you think? W: I dont believe it. Look, the sun is out. Theres not a cloud in the sky. They are always wrong. Q: What does the woman mean?B 【解析】男士说预报说今天天气将会多云并有雨，女士表示不相信，说太阳已经出来了，天气预报总是出错，所以答案为B。18. W: Didnt Jane go traveling with you last summer? M: Are you kidding? Even if it didnt cost her anything, shed rather stay at home. Q: What does the man imply about Jane?B 【解析】女士问男士去年夏天是否和Jane去旅行，男士说别开玩笑了，Jane即使不用花钱也不愿旅游，她更愿意呆在家里，所以答案为B。Now youll hear two long conversations.Conversation OneM: Have you ever visited a redwood forest? I recently had a chance to go to Muir Woods National Monument north of San Francisco.W: Ive never seen a redwood tree. I really cant imagine how big they are.M: The coastal redwoods are the tallest living things. Some are more than three hundred and fifty feet high. But none of the trees at Muir Woods is that high. 19You have to go further north in California to see the tallest trees.W: You said that Muir Woods is near San Francisco? I guess it must be quite a tourist attraction.M: Yes, 20 its less than an hours drive away, so its easy to get to.W: Ive heard that many redwood trees are thousands of years old. Are the ones in Muir Woods that old?M: 21 The oldest documented age for a coastal redwood is more than a thousand years. The trees at Muir Woods are 400 to 800 years old.W: Why have they survived so long?M: They have remarkable resistance to forest fires. The tough, thick bark protects the trees during a fire. 22 The coastal redwoods also like a damp, foggy climate.W: Then since Muir Woods is near foggy San Francisco, it must be ideal for the trees survival. I cant wait to go there and see them!Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation youve just heard.19. Where can the tallest trees be found?B 【解析】从男士的回答可以看出海岸边的红杉是最高的树种，但莫尔灌木丛的树木并非最高，要想看最高的树，就必须到加州北部，所以答案为B。20. Why do many tourists visit Muir Woods, rather than other redwood forests?B 【解析】女士询问莫尔灌木丛吸引人的原因，男士回答因为其靠近旧金山，开车不到一小时就到了，非常方便，所以答案为B。21. Approximately what is the oldest documented age for a redwood tree?B 【解析】细节题，男士说有记载的最老的红杉年龄在一千多年以上，所以根据这些推断答案为B。22. What has contributed most to the redwoods survival?C 【解析】男士提到海岸红杉喜欢湿润多雾的气候，女士回答莫尔灌木丛靠近多雾的旧金山，所以这应该是红杉能大量存在的原因，所以答案为C。Conversation TwoM: Is this table on the corner okay?W: Sure. We can sit here.M: Gee. Youve hardly got anything on your tray.W: Yeah. I guess Im just not that hungry.M: Whats the matter? Arent you feeling well?W: Well, Ive been really worried. Its my car. Its in the shop again.M: Really? Whats wrong this time?W: I dont know exactly. Somethings wrong with the brakes, I think.M: 23 Well, at least that shouldnt cost you much to fix. Parts are cheaper for all the American cars like yours. Did the mechanic say how much it would cost?W: He said he would call me with an estimate later on today.M: Watch out he doesnt try to take advantage of you.W: What do you mean?M: Well, some car mechanics, if they think that someone doesnt know much about cars, they might try to overcharge that person.W: Maybe so. 24 But I trust this guy. He was recommended by one of my neighbours. He has done some work for me in the past and his prices seemed to be reasonable.M: Oh, thats good to know. Maybe Ill try using him in the future. 25 By the way, do you need a ride home after class today?W: Oh, Ill sure appreciate it. Its really tough getting around without a car when you live off campus.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation youve just heard.23. What does the man say about the womans car?D 【解析】男士表示美国汽车的零部件很便宜，所以女士修车应该不会花费太大，所以让她不用担心，所以答案为D。24. What does the woman say about the mechanic?A 【解析】男士让女士小心机械师会瞒骗车主，要高价的修车费，但是女士回答技师是邻居推荐的，他曾经帮她干活而且收费很合理，所以她非常相信他，所以答案为A。25. What does the man offer to do?A 【解析】男士最后询问下课后女士是否需要搭他的车，女士回答住在校外没有车很不方便，所以需要搭车，非常感谢，所以答案为A。Section BPassage One One of the great joys of gardening is to share a garden with wildlife, especially birds. 26 Attracting birds to a garden is made easier by following a few basic guidelines. 27 All birds depend on plants for shelter, nest and roosting sites, and food. To the extent that your yard offers some or all of these features, it can become a haven for bird life. As a general rule, 27 the more native plants are planted in the yard, the more birds will come. Some birds are so particular that you must have the special plant that they demand while others only demand that you provide for their basic needs. Most birds require some 27 shelter for roosting, preening and sleeping. 28 By varying the height as well as density of plants, a greater number of species are encouraged to seek out shelter in your yard. Nesting requirements in birds are quite varied. 27 To encourage as many different types of birds as possible, vary the types of plants, use a number of native plants, and vary the height of plants. Birds eat seeds, fruit, or nectar, as well as insects found on plants. Again, diversity encourages more birds, particularly plants that bloom in different seasons. 27 One of the surest ways to encourage birds in a yard, especially a new yard, is to provide water. If you do not have pets or wandering cats, provide water on the ground, in an open spot. Most birds love to bathe and drink at this level, but are wary, and want a perch nearby, but not overhanging the water. If you have pets or wandering cats, move the water higher, beyond their reach. Leave the water in the open, with no overhanging branches. Change the water often, especially in the warm weather.Questions 26 to 28 are based on the passage youve just heard.26. What is the purpose of the discussion?B 【解析】本文的开篇提到种植的乐趣在于可以和野生生物，特别是野生鸟类分享你的花园，然后说到吸引鸟类可以通过一些基本方法，可知本文主要探讨吸引野生鸟类的方法，所以答案为B。27. According to the author, what are the three general requirements to attract birds?A 【解析】细节题，文章指出吸引鸟类前来的三个因素为种类繁多的植物，鸟类栖息地和食物（如水源），所以答案为A。28. How tall should plants be in order to attract birds?D 【解析】文中提到不同高度和密度的树木可以吸引不同的鸟类，所以树木的高度主要取决于鸟的种类，所以答案为D。Passage Two Here, I want to talk about the history of the White House. 29 At first, most Americans didnt think there was anything particularly special about the White House. Few had ever seen it or had any idea what it looked like, and even the families who lived there found it completely inadequate. When it was built, the White House was the largest house in the country and it remained so until after the Civil war. But it served so many different purposes that little of it was available for the First Family to actually live in. The first floor, or “State Floor”, was made up entirely of public rooms, and the presidents offices, which were staffed by as many as 30 employees, took half of the second floor up. The First Family had to get by with the eight or fewer second-floor rooms that were left. 30 By Lincolns time, the situation was intolerable. The White House was open to visitors; office seekers, cranks, and the merely curious had no difficulty making their way upstairs from the official rooms on the first floor. Lincoln was so uncomfortable with the situation that he had a private corridor constructed. He also received a $20,000 appropriation to improve the furnishings of the White House. The new furnishings did not last for more than a few years. When Lincoln was assassinated in 1865, the White House fell into disorder. No one really supervised the White House during the first five weeks. Mrs. Lincoln laid in mourning in the room, and vandals helped themselves. 31 Lets have a break, then Ill continue to talk about how the White House progressed to its present state.Questions 29 to 31 are based on the passage youve just heard.29. How did Americans feel toward the White House at the beginning?C 【解析】美国民众最开始时对于白宫采取无所谓的态度，很少有人参观过白宫，也不知道白宫是什么样子，所以答案为C。30. Why was the White House in disorder during Lincolns time?C 【解析】在林肯时代，参观者可以随意进出白宫，各种各样的人在白宫各个楼层和房间穿梭，非常混乱，使林肯和第一家庭极为不便，所以答案为C。31. What can be inferred about the authors topic for the next part?A 【解析】本文主要谈到早期的白宫没有得到民众的重视，内部十分混乱，第一家庭居住也十分不便，根据最后一句我们知道下面将谈到白宫是如何改进并变成今天这个样子的，所以答案为A。Passage Three Today, Chinese Americans make up less than 1% of the U.S. population, but roughly a third of all ethnic restaurants in the U.S. are “Chinese”, and every supermarket carries a line of “Chinese” food. 32 It started with the gold rush of 1849. As thousands of Chinese streamed into California in search of gold, hundreds of thousands of Chinese migrated to the United States. By 1882, when Congress curtailed Chinese immigration, there were more than 300,000 Chinese nationals living on the West Coast. Most came from Guangdong Province. So most Chinese restaurants served Cantonese-style food. In Cantonese cuisine, very little goes to waste: nearly every part of an animal that can be eaten is used in one dish or another. 33 Chinese cooks, however quickly learned to modify their dishes to make them more palatable to a wider American audience. The result, a Chinese-American cuisine that looked and tasted Chinese, but was actually invented in the U.S. and was unknown in China. One good example of a Chinese-American dish is Chop Suey. No one knows for sure when it was invented, or how it got its name. 34 It likely started in 1850 when a bunch of hungry miners busted their way into a Chinese restaurant late at night and demanded to be fed. The chef just stirred all the table scraps and leftovers he could find into a big mess and served it. The miners loved it. When they asked what it was, the chef replied “chop suey”, which means “garbage bits” in Cantonese. The dish remained virtually unheard of in China until after World War . 35 Today, its advertised as American cuisine. Well, what other contributions have immigrants made to American cuisine? Questions 32 to 35 are based on the passage youve just heard.32. When did Chinese food first catch on in America?C 【解析】文中指出今天，除美国餐馆以外，中国菜馆几乎占美国餐馆的1/3，在超市中也都有专门的中餐部门，而这种情况始于1849年的淘金热，那时中国劳工大量涌入旧金山，也带来了中国风味的菜肴，所以答案为C。33. How did Americans come to accept Chinese food?D 【解析】在美国的中餐馆以广东风味的菜肴为主，厨师们为了迎合西方顾客的口味，改良了菜肴的味道，所以答案为D。34. What is the origin of Chop Suey?A 【解析】文中解释了广东菜什锦杂碎的来历。在19世纪末，一天晚上，一群饥饿的矿工涌进一家中餐馆，由于没有足够的菜肴，厨师把所有的剩菜和原料都放进了锅里，出人意料地受到了矿工的好评，厨师以广东话的剩菜的发音为其命名，这便是杂碎的由来，所以答案为A。35. What is the general discussion likely to be about?A 【解析】文章最后说杂碎这道由中国人发明的菜肴如今成了广为人知的美国菜肴，下面将谈谈移民们还为美国菜肴带来了什么，所以主要谈论的就是不同种族是如何丰富美国菜肴的，所以答案为A。Section C36. frustrating 【解析】此处需要一个形容词来形容非科技人员的感受。37. coping 【解析】此处需要一个动词，但注意不定式后应有的形式。38. motivations 【解析】此处需填一个名词，注意此处需要复数形式。39. convenience 【解析】此处考查固定搭配，convenience 是常考单词，注意其拼写。40. primarily 【解析】此处需要一个副词，来修饰动词focus。41. generalize 【解析】此处需要一个动词，意为“推而广之”。42. universe 【解析】此处需要一个名词，意为“宇宙”，此词的形容词形式universal 也为常考词汇。43. categories 【解析】根据需要，此处需要一个名词，注意这里需用复数形式。44. If there are no problems handily available, they will create their own problems.【解析】本句的前半句为条件状语从句，handily为比较难的词汇，意为“没有现成的问题”，后半句注意最后的problems是用复数形式。45. No engineer looks at television remote control without wondering what it would take to turn it into a hand gun【解析】本句是一个双重否定形式no engineerwithout wondering, 前半句中remote control 是关键词汇，为“遥控器”的意思，后半句中turn sth into是关键词组。46. To the engineer, the world is a toy box full of unsatisfactory playthings【解析】前半句较为简单，后半句的unsatisfactory 为常考词汇，注意拼写，playthings 是复数，容易忽略，应当注意。Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth)Section A【词性分析】名词：threat危害，威胁 process 过程，进程 necessity必要性动词: melting 融化现在分词 reducing减少，降低现在分词 debate辩论 releasing释放 现在分词 forming形成现在分词形容词: obvious 明显的 hard 艰难的；难的 proud值得骄傲的 easy容易的 frequent时常发生的，频繁的副词: increasingly日益，加剧 interestingly 有趣地 hard困难；艰难【短文大意】文章主要介绍了全球气候变暖给全球的环境、经济带来的影响。第一段总述气候变化给全球的环境以及经济带来的不良影响；第二段主要讲全球变暖给地球自然环境带来的破坏性作用；第三至五段文章以新西兰国家为例，讲述其怎样利用越来越艰难的自然环境来发展农业经济。47 【答案】J【解析】该句主要讲全球气候正在变暖，虽然缓慢但是可以测量，并且谈到了其影响。后面列举的一系列现象正是全球变暖的表现，是我们可以看到的，比如天气模式正在变化，温度上升，干旱更频繁并且危害性越大等，这些说明了全球变暖的影响是很明显的，所以从意义上应该选J。另外从语法角度考虑，系动词become后接形容词做表语，我们一般说影响后果比较明显，因此选J。 48 【答案】E【解析】整个段落都是讲全球变暖的影响，对自然界的影响越来越严重。该句讲干旱变得越来越有破坏性，用了moreand结构。Devastating表示性质，由此判断空格处应该填一个表示频率的形容词，另外后面谈到了洪水的发生，百年一遇的洪水每两到三年发生一次，说明发生次数越来频繁，由此可以判断前面的干旱也应该填一个表示“频繁”的词，只有frequent“时常发生的，频繁的”符合要求，因此选E。 49 【答案】C【解析】前面谈到全球气候变暖，温度上升，冰河的范围正在缩小，同时根据常识判断，海平面上升是因为两极的冰川融化的结果，所以填一个表示融化的动词，另外需注意前后一致，整个句子用的都是进行时态，所以用动词+ing形式，所以选C。干扰项releasing表示“释放”的意思，一般来说，我们说冰川融化而不是释放变成水，导致海平面上升的，所以排除。 50 【答案】B【解析】第二段讲的都是全球变暖带来的一系列的自然灾害litany of disaster，灾害当然是不好的消息，所以与之相反，好消息可能看起来很难发现。因此可以判断空格处应该填hard。51 【答案】A 【解析】我们知道全球气候的变化是一个延续的过程，由于其变化是不可避免的，我们能做的只是加速或减慢这一过程，文中用了动词slow“减慢”，所以后面填一名词process“过程，进程”，也就是努力减少天气变化带来的危害。因此选A。 52 【答案】H【解析】空格所在的句子讲新西兰仍需要找到一种最大限度利用困难环境的方式。由于前面谈到的气候变化是一个延续的过程，随着时间的推移，其后果会越来越严重。因此，对新西兰来说，其所面临的处境也会越来越艰难。所以空格处应该填一个表示“日益，加剧”的副词increasingly，修饰difficult situation“艰难的处境”。虽然interestingly“有趣地”也是副词形式，但是明显不符合文中意思。53 【答案】G 【解析】该句谈到了要解决气候变化这个难题，可以通过提高能源利用率，减少温室气体的排放。通过常识知道，温室气体的排放也是导致气温升高的一个原因，所以空格处应该填一个表示“减少，降低”的动词，而且应该考虑前后词性的一致性，前面用的是by improving，因此选G。动词forming“形成，组成”是干扰项，虽然也是ing形式，但是放到文中语义不通。 54 【答案】L【解析】从句子结构判断，此句的主语很长，用的是动名词形式dealingwithby“通过来处理问题”，谓语是is，表语是名词，a用来修饰名词。空格中应该填一个名词，而根据句意，提高能源利用率，减少温室气体的排放，对于处理气候变暖的问题来说是有必要的，所以选L。 55 【答案】D【解析】根据语法知识判断，has a history空格中应该填一个形容词，而文章后面谈到了新西兰农业的发展，Dr. Allan Freeth的公司正在促进更大限度的利用全球气候不断变化所带来的一切机会: make the most of any opportunities offered by a changing world climate，这是成功的范例，是值得骄傲的事情，与第三段的末尾一句提出的问题相呼应，因此空格处应该填形容词proud，表示值得骄傲的历史，所以选D。 56 【答案】N【解析】对于气候的变化，空格所在句用了Somesome“一些人认为 另一些人认为”前后表示对比。按照一般的看法，气候的变化带给我们的是不好的影响，是对人类的生存环境构成威胁，像洪涝灾害以及海平面上升之类；后面与之相反说一些人看到了希望。由此判断空格处应该填一个表示“危害，威胁”的名词，由a修饰，所以选N。Section BPassage One【短文大意】 文章讲述了在繁多的生物群体中，每一物种的生存都有赖于其他生命体的存在，同时不同 物种间又互相防御。这种相互依存、相互防御在生物圈中非常常见，作者列举了生物界中很多具体事例来讨论不同物种或机体如何防御其他生命体的入侵。57. 【答案】D【解析】此题属主旨题，文章主要讨论了在生物界中，不同物种和机体如何防御其他生命体的入侵，因此D符合文章的大意。58. 【答案】D 【解析】此题属词汇语义题，该句主要讲述在繁多的生物群体中，每一物种的生存都有赖于其他生命体的存在，在句中intricate和vast同时修饰assemblage，vast表示繁多，根据句意可判断intricate在该句中应表示“复杂，多样”的意思，因此D符合此题。59. 【答案】A【解析】此题属事实细节题，文章第二段第一句介绍了有些细菌能够分泌抗菌素，第二段第二句指出这些细菌分泌抗菌素的作用：These substances are capable of killing or inhabiting the growth可知抗菌素的产生能够杀死或禁止其他不同菌类的生长，因此A为正确答案。60. 【答案】C 【解析】此题属推理题，根据文章最后一句：The immune system recognizes and takes action against foreign invaders and transplanted tissues that are treated as foreign cells, 可知肌体的免疫系统将会把与该肌体基因不相容的细胞或组织视为入侵者，从而采取行动，所以，C符合此题。61. 【答案】B 【解析】此题属于事实细节题，根据文章最后一段：免疫