【优化指导】高考英语总复习 语法突破篇 第十一讲 虚拟语气.doc

【优化指导】2013高考英语外研总复习 语法突破篇 第十一讲 虚拟语气2(2011陕西高考)i _ through that bitter period without your generous help.acouldnt have gonebdidnt gocwouldnt godhadnt gone解析：句意：没有你的慷慨帮忙，我不可能熬过那段痛苦的日子。从without your generous help可知，此处考查的是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气。答案：a3(2011江西高考)we _ johns name on the race list yesterday but for his recent injury.awill putbwill have putcwould putdwould have put解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：要不是john最近受伤了，我们昨天就把他的名字加到了比赛的名单上了。根据题干所提供的信息，可知设空处为与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，故谓语动词用“would/should/could/mighthave过去分词”。因此答案为d项。答案：d4(2011北京高考)where are the children？the dinners going to be completely ruined.i wish they _ always late.awerentbhadnt beencwouldnt bedwouldnt have been解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：孩子们都到哪里去了？宴会就要被他们彻底破坏了。我希望他们不要总是迟到。wish后跟that从句，从句部分采用虚拟语气，与现在事实相反的用一般过去时，与过去事实相反的用过去完成时。本题表示与现在事实相反，所以用一般过去时，故正确答案为a项。答案：a5(2011北京高考)maybe if i _ science，and not literature then，i would be able to give you more help.astudiedbwould studychad studieddwas studying解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：也许如果当时我学习的是理科而不是文科的话，那么我(现在)就可以给你更多的帮助了。根据then一词可以确定此处表示与过去事实相反，故if引导的从句部分用had done。答案：c6(2010陕西高考)if we _ the other road，we might have arrived here in time for the meeting.atakebhad takenctookdhave taken解析：句意：如果我们走另一条路的话，我们或许能够及时到达这里参加这次会议了。根据主句的谓语动词might have arrived可以推出，本句是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，所以if条件句中应该用过去完成时。答案：b7(2010北京高考)the weather has been very hot and dry.yes.if it had rained even a drop，things would be much better now！and my vegetables _.awouldnt diebdidnt diechadnt dieddwouldnt have died解析：句意：“天气又热又干燥。”“是的。要是稍微下点儿雨，现在的情况就会更好一些！那样我的蔬菜就不会死掉了。”由条件句中的had rained可以推出这是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，但是主句有时间状语now，所以用了与现在事实相反的虚拟语气would be；最后一句话也是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，故用wouldnt have died。答案：d8(2010湖南高考)if he _ my advice，he wouldnt have lost his job.afollowedbshould followchad followeddwould follow解析：句意：如果他早听我的建议的话，他就不会丢了工作。本题考查与过去事实相反的虚拟语气。答案：c9(2010天津高考)john went to the hospital alone.if he _ me about it，i would have gone with him.ashould tellbtellsctolddhad told解析：答语句意：约翰若是告诉我他要去医院的话，我就跟他一起去了。根据句意知选d项，说明事实是约翰没有告诉“我”他要去医院的事，“我”也没有跟他一块儿去。此题表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，从句用“if主语had done”的形式，主句谓语部分用“情态动词have done”的形式。答案：d10(2010浙江高考)had i known about this computer program，a huge amount of time and energy _.awould have been savedbhad been savedcwill be saveddwas saved解析：句意：如果我知道这个电脑程序，就会节省大量的时间和精力。由前面的had i known可知，从句为与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句，省略了if。那么主句谓语形式应为would have done。答案：a11(2012唐山模拟)thank you for reminding me of the time，or i_ late yesterday.dont mention it.ashould bebwould becwill have beendwould have been解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：谢谢你提醒我时间，不然昨天我就迟到了。从语境可知说话人是在谈论昨天的事，因此要使用“情态动词would完成式”。答案：d12(2012南昌模拟)the weather turned out to be fine yesterday.you_the trouble to carry your raincoat with you.ashould have takenbmustnt have takenccould have takendneednt have taken解析：考查情态动词和虚拟语气。句意：昨天天气很好，你本来不必费力带着雨衣的。neednt have done表示“本来不必做而实际上已发生”。答案：d13(2012安徽模拟)_ it _ to rain tomorrow，the sports meet would be put off until the same time next week.ashould；不填bif；shouldcwere；不填dif；was going解析：这是与将来事实相反的虚拟语气，当省略if时，句子要倒装，恢复为正常语序是：if it were to rain tomorrow，.。答案：c14they _ two free tickets to canada，otherwise theyd never have been able to afford to go.ahad gotbgotchave gotdget解析：otherwise theyd never have been able.这一句用了与过去事实相反的虚拟语气；而“他们弄到了两张去加拿大的免费票”却是事实，故用一般过去时。答案：b15_ fired，your health care and other benefits will not be immediately cut off.awould you bebshould you beccould you bedmight you be解析：句意：“如果你被开除了，你的医疗保险和其他利益并不会立即取消。”从句表示与将来事实相反的假设，且if省略了，故选b项。答案：b16(2012湖南十二校联考)if he _ that he _ to work there then，everything would be ok now.ainsisted；be sentbinsisted；was sentchad insisted；be sentdhad insisted；was sent解析：考查动词时态和虚拟语气的用法。当insist表示“坚持要求”时，其后的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，从句的谓语动词用(should)do，由此可以排除b、d两项；另外，从句表示对过去已经发生的事情的虚拟，谓语动词要用had done的形式，因此c项正确。答案：c17(2012合肥检测)i _ to your birthday party last sunday.unfortunately，you were out on business.ahad comebcamecwould comedwould have come解析：考查虚拟语气。根据答语“很遗憾，你当时在外出差”可知，说话人没能参加答话人的生日晚会，因此选d项，表示“我如果当时有时间的话，就参加你的生日晚会了”。答案：d18(2012海淀期中练习)if we had taken such effective measures much earlier，the river _ so seriously now.ais not pollutedbwould not be pollutedchad not been polluteddwoul