【优化指导】高考英语总复习 语法突破篇 第六讲 定语从句.doc

【优化指导】2013高考英语外研总复习 语法突破篇 第六讲 定语从句2(2011山东高考)the old town has narrow streets and small houses _ are built close to each other.atheybwherecwhatdthat解析：句意：这座老城镇拥有狭窄的街道和坐落在一起的矮小的房子。分析句子结构可知，空格处及后面部分为定语从句，先行词为small houses，that代替先行词，引导定语从句且在定语从句中作主语。they，what不能引导定语从句。where引导定语从句时在句中作地点状语。答案：d3(2011江苏高考)between the two parts of the concert is an interval, _ the audience can buy icecream.awhenbwherecthatdwhich解析：句意：演唱会的两部分之间有一次中场休息，在此期间，观众可以去买冰激凌。分析题干的句子结构可知，空格处及后面的部分为非限制性定语从句。when引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作时间状语，代替先行词an interval(间歇期间)。where在定语从句中作地点状语；句中没有与之相匹配的表示地点的先行词；that不能引导非限制性定语从句；which可以引导非限制性定语从句，但在从句中作主语或宾语，此从句中并不缺少主语或宾语。答案：a4(2011天津高考)the days are gone _ physical strength was all you needed to make a living.awhenbthatcwheredwhich解析：考查定语从句。句意：体力是你赖以生存的唯一手段的日子一去不复返了。句中days是定语从句的先行词，关系词代替days并在从句中充当时间状语，故用when引导定语从句。此定语从句是分隔式定语从句，从句与先行词因某种特殊的需要被句子其他成分隔开了。答案：a5(2011浙江高考)english is a language shared by several diverse cultures，each of _ uses it somewhat differently.awhichbwhatcthemdthose解析：分析句式结构可知，空格处在句中引导非限制性定语从句且在从句中作主语，所以要使用关系代词，由于空格前出现了each，指前面的cultures，所以关系代词指物要用which。句意：英语是一种被多种不同文化分享的语言，每一种文化都在某种程度上使它有所不同。答案：a6(2011安徽高考)whatever is left over may be put into the refrigerator, _ it will keep for two or three weeks.awhenbwhichcwheredwhile解析：句意：“任何剩下的东西也许都可以放进冰箱，在那里可以保存两到三周的时间。”由引导词前面的逗号判断，这是一个非限制性定语从句，而d项while是不能引导定语从句的；先行词refrigerator不是时间名词，也不能选用a项when；b项which可以引导非限制性定语从句，但which本身充当从句的主语或宾语；c项where表示“在那里”，可以引导非限制性定语从句并在从句中作地点状语，因此选c项。答案：c7(2011浙江高考)a bank is the place _ they lend you an umbrella in fair weather and ask for it back when it begins to rain.awhenbthatcwheredthere解析：句意：银行是晴天时给你雨伞，下雨时收回雨伞的地方。由于从句结构完整，不缺少句子成分，所以先行词the place在从句中要充当地点状语，故使用关系副词where引导定语从句。答案：c8(2011福建高考)she has a gift for creating an atmosphere for her students _ allows them to communicate freely with each other.awhichbwherecwhatdwho解析：句意：她拥有为她的学生创造一种允许他们互相自由交流的气氛的天赋。分析句子结构可知，_ allows them to communicate freely with each other为atmosphere的定语从句，且从句中缺少主语，故用which引导。where在定语从句中作地点状语；what不能引导定语从句；who在定语从句中不能指代物，故均不能选用。答案：a9(2011湖南高考)julie was good at german，french and russian，all of _ she spoke fluently.awhobwhomcwhichdthat解析：句意：朱莉擅长德语、法语和俄语，并且说得都很流利。此处由“代词of关系代词”引导非限制性定语从句，which指代先行词german，french and russian。that不能引导非限制性定语从句。答案：c10(2011陕西高考)i walked up to the top of the hill with my friends，_ we enjoyed a splendid view of the lake.awhichbwherecwhodthat解析：句意：我和我的朋友们一直走到了山顶，在那里我们欣赏了湖的美景。关系副词where引导非限制性定语从句，并在定语从句中作地点状语，先行词为the top of the hill。定语从句中不缺少主语和宾语，所以排除a、c、d三项。答案：b11(2011全国高考)ted came for the weekend wearing only some shorts and a tshirt，_ is a stupid thing to do in such weather.athisbthatcwhatdwhich解析：句意：ted仅穿着短裤和t恤来过周末，在这种天气下这样做真愚蠢。which引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语。this，what不能引导定语从句；that不能引导非限制性定语从句。答案：d12(2011四川高考)the school shop，_ customers are mainly students，is closed for the holidays.awhichbwhosecwhendwhere解析：句意：这个学校商店，其主要顾客是学生，因为放假暂停营业。根据句子结构及句意可确定该题考查定语从句。which引导定语从句，充当从句的主语、宾语或表语；whose充当定语从句的定语，根据句意确定此选项符合要求；when和where分别充当定语从句中的时间状语和地点状语，不符合句意和语法需要。答案：b13(2011江西高考)she showed the visitors around the museum，the construction _ had taken more than three years.afor whichbwith whichcof whichdto which解析：考查非限制性定语从句。句意：她带领游客参观了这个博物馆，建设这个博物馆花了三年多的时间。由于本题中两个分句之间既没有从属连词，又没有并列连词，所以此处应该是一个非限制性定语从句，其中先行词是the museum，和museum之间具有所属关系，所以应该用介词of，故答案为c项。答案：c14(2011上海高考)youll find taxis waiting at the bus station _ you can hire to reach your host family.awhichbwherecwhendas解析：考查定语从句。句意：在公共汽车站你会发现有出租车在那里等你可以租(一辆)去主人家里。空格处引导一定语从句修饰先行词taxis，taxis在从句中作hire的宾语，关系代词应用which，故选a项。答案：a15the newlybuilt cafe，the walls of _ are painted light green，is really a peaceful place for us，especially after hard work.athatbitcwhatdwhich解析：考查定语从句的关系词。“the walls of which are painted light green”是定语从句，修饰先行词cafe。which引导非限制性定语从句，代指cafe，在从句中作介词of的宾语。由于关系代词前有介词且此处为非限制性定语从句，所以a项错误。答案：d16after graduating from college，i took some time off to go travelling，_ turned out to be a wise decision.athatbwhichcwhendwhere解析：考查非限制性定语从句。在此，which引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面句子的内容。句意：大学毕业后我抽出一部分时间去旅游，事实证明这是一个明智的选择。答案：b17in china，the number of cities is increasing _ development is recognized across the world.awherebwhichcwhosedthat解析：考查定语从句。whose在此引导定语从句，并在从句中作定语，先行词为cities，whose development相当于the development of cities。答案：c18because of the financial crisis，days are gone _ local 5star hotels charged 6,000 yuan for one night.aifbwhencwhichdsince解析：考查限制性定语从句。本题属于分隔型定语从句，因为谓语部分很短，谓语部分are gone被插入到先行词days与定语从句之间。when引导定语从句修饰先行词days。答案：b19(2012石家庄检测)after years abroad，he returned to his hometown，_ he spent his childhood.awhichbwhencthatdwhere解析：考查定语从句关系词的用法。where引导非限制性定语从句，并在从句中充当地点状语，先行词是hometown。答案：d20(2012绵阳诊断)the officials have indicated that a new building will be built in 2012 _ can house another 1,000 students.awhenbwhatcwhichdwhere解析：考查定语从句。该句的先行词是a new building，关系词在从句中作主语，因此选关系代词which。答案：c21(2012南通联考)the clown appeared on the stage，wearing a large red nose，_ the children found funny and interesting.athatbwhichcwheredwhat解析：考查定语从句。find后面缺少宾语，故填关系代词，构成“find宾语(which)形容词宾补”结构，which指代前面的内容。句意：小丑出现在舞台上，戴着一个很大的红鼻子，这使孩子们觉得很滑稽有趣。答案：b22(2012成都诊断)after graduating from high school，you will reach a p