【优化方案】（陕西专用）高考英语总复习 课时作业三十八 Unit3 Inventors and inventions 新人教版选修8.doc

unit 3inventors and inventions.单项填空1the price of meat has increased greatly recently.in my opinion，it should remain_，or people will not be able to afford it.aconvenientbdynamicccommon dstable2believe it or not，mr.black and his wife have been married for 30 years and never once_with each other.ahave they quarreled bthey have quarreledchad they quarreled dthey had quarreled3having questioned the spy for two days，the officer didnt_any valuable information.aseize brecovercobtain dafford4lily has set a new record, that is, her sales of mobile phones_5 million.ahave reached bhad reachedcare reached dhave been reached5what do you think of the service in this supermarket?oh，_. we couldnt have found a better place.abad bterriblecwonderful dimpossible6the students should do more exercises in the future，i think，_those they did yesterday.aas blikecabout dthan7how i wish that i could_my ideas in simple and wonderful english when chatting on the net.aset out bset offcset over dset up8i ride a bicycle to go to work every day and have a deep impression that the bicycle is very_in our daily life.aconvenient bavailablecpossible dpersonal9as i grew up in a small town at the foot of a mountain，the visit to the village_scenes of my childhood.acalled up bcalled forccalled on dcalled in10i havent seen anna since she left our hometown two years ago，but we do keep in touch with each other by sending emails_.ahere and there bsooner or latercat one time dnow and then11water can absorb and give off a lot of heat without big changes in temperature，this creating a_environment.apeaceful bsensitiveccommon dstable12to be honest，the role john plays in this film doesnt come up to my_，though he is one of my favorite actors.aexcuses bexplanationscexperiences dexpectations13(2011高考浙江卷)ive been writing this report_for the last two weeks，but it has to be handed in tomorrow.afinally bimmediatelycoccasionally dcertainly14excuse me，may i use your phone to send a message? mine is_.yes，of course.here you are.aout of order bout of workcout of luck dout of danger15sorry，i have to_now.its time for class.ok，ill call back later.aring off bbreak upcgive off dhold up.阅读理解a(2012皖南八校联考)in a winatallcosts world，we have accepted the socalled “gamesmanship (比赛策略)”it is not unusual for players to try their best to win.but when it comes to golf，it is a different storyhonesty is a symbol of honor in the game.its the reason why zach nash，a 14yearold who won a junior tournament this summer in wisconsin，the us，returned his medal.nash carried an extra club(高尔夫球杆)in his golf bag during the competition.it belonged to a friend and zach forgot it was there as he played.a player noticed something was wrong.“count your golf clubs，” he told the teenager.fifteenone more than allowed.zachs eyes filled with tears.the error had no effect on zachs final scorehe never used the extra club.but even so，the boy packed up his medal and dropped it in the mail.“.this was golf，and rules are rules.i just knew what i had to do，” he said.golf isnt a game where referees watch closely，unlike football or basketball.in golf tournaments，dozens of competitors are spread across acres of land，so officials cannot hope to see each shot.competitors call penalties (罚球) on themselves.the tradition can be traced back.golf became popular as a pastime for the wealthy，who seemed to have strict rules for every occasion.“it was a sport for gentlemen，and gentlemen did not care about winning.they cared about doing the right thing，” said robert simon，a golf coach at hamilton college in new york.so when one of the games early stars，bobby jones，was praised for calling a penalty on himself at the 1925 us open，he replied，“you might as well praise a man for not robbing a bank.”as for zach，he competed in another tournament and before teeing_off，he counted his clubs four times.1zach nash returned the medal he won in a junior tournament because_.ahe was caught cheating by a playerbhe made a mistake counting his final scoreche decided to follow the rules of golfdhe used another players club by mistake2which of the following statements about golf is true according to the article?agolf players usually do whatever it takes to win.bgolf referees watch each shot and call penalties.cearly golf players didnt care about the rules.din golf，honor comes before victory.3the underlined word “teeing off” in the last paragraph probably means “_”agetting startedbgetting caughtcleaving dwinning4what is the passage mainly about?azachs medal.bthe history of golf.chonesty counts in golf.dgolf is everybodys game.b (2012江苏南通调研)a study now lends support to the idea that mealtime distractions (分散注意) can mask the clues that we really have eaten quite enough.moreover，it finds，the caloric fallout of not paying attention to what were eating doesnt necessarily end when a meal is over.rose cooper from england，and her colleagues gathered 22 men and an equal number of women for an experiment.each person dined alone，continuously receiving nine small shares of food items.these ranged from cheese twists and potato chips to carrots，cherry tomatoes and sandwiches or sausage rolls.because the goal was to test the potential impacts of distraction on fullness，the researchers randomly assigned half of the participants to eat in front of a computerand to gain as many wins as possible at the “card” game.everyone else was told to focus on the sensory qualities of their meal.according to their instructions，the participants ate all of the food given to them.yet people who played a computer game during lunch found their meal less filling than the mindful eaters had.game players also swallow down twice as many cookies，almost an hour later，when they were allowed all the dessert they wanted (in the name of a taste test)the british scientists present their findings in the february edition of the american journal of clinical nutrition.the real question is why distracted eating should impact snacking.it appears，the scientists say，that memory plays some tricky role in how we register what we eat and the degree to which it satisfies.interestingly，eight years ago，britta barkeling of huddinge university in stockholm and her colleagues reported somewhat related findings.their 18 overweight subjects had no choice other than to get rid of everything but lunch，on one daybecause they were blindfolded.compared to a day when they could view what they were dining on，these people consumed only three quarters as many calories.yet even hours afterward，they reported being no less full than on the day they had been able to see their plates.of course dining in the dark isnt practical.and sometimes what we eat doesnt really invite our absolute attention.but there is certainly a growing mountain of data indicating that mindless eating is a waste of resources，a risk to our waistlinesand a costly threat to health.5rose cooper and her colleagues did the experiment in order to_.ashow that all the people enjoy snacksbprove that playing computer games is harmful while diningcfind possible effects of distraction on fullnessdtest the impacts of eating snacks on different people6which is the most effective way to concentrate on your food when dining?aviewing your food.bblindfolding your eyes.cplaying computer games.deating by oneself.7the reason why distracted eating influences snacking may be that_.ayou eat less in that casebyou are cheated by your memorycyou have consumed more caloriesdyou digest what youve eaten faster8we can conclude from the passage that_.adistracted eating may damage your healthbeating snacks will make you feel fullcbritta became famous because of the experimentdplaying is more important than what we eat.情景对话mary，do you want to see the pictures of my holiday in italy?_ 1_ah，it was great.the food was great.the wine was great! but the traffic was terrible!_ 2_those italians are crazy drivers! i dont want to think about it!ok，ok. _ 3_yes，so heres a picture of the tower of pisa.how nice!it was raining that day，but it was still wonderful.we climbed to the top!_ 4_that s a photo of the amo river.thats the “ponte vecchio”，the old bridge._ 5_it was very interesting.there were beautiful old buildings in the city，and lots of wonderful museums.thats nice.aand what s this?bwhy was it so bad?cyes，it was wonderful.dwhat was florence like?elets return to the good parts.fsure，what was your holiday like?gwell，did you like your hotel there？unit 3inventors and inventions.单项填空1【解析】选d。根据or people will not be able to afford it.可知选d项。stable意为“稳定的，稳固的”，符合句意。2【解析】选a。never，seldom等含有否定意义的副词若位于句首，则其后要用部分倒装；根据上句的时态可确定要用现在完成时。3【解析】选c。根据having questioned the spy可知，此处是指“获取信息”，故选c项。4【解析】选a。根据lily has set a new record说明她的销售额已经达到了五百万，要用现在完成时。(其主语是her sales，所以要用have reached。)5【解析】选c。we couldnt have found a better place.意为“我们不可能找到一个比这儿更好的地方”，由此可以看出说话人对这家超市服务的认可，故选c项。6【解析】选d。本题中i think是插入语。exercises被more修饰，故应选than，构成比较结构more.than.。7【解析】选a。set out“陈述，阐明，出发”；set off“出发，动身”；set over“移交，置于上，指派管理”；set up“设立，树立”。根据句意选a项。8【解析】选a。考查形容词辨析。句意为：我每天骑自行车去上班，并且有一个很深的感想，那就是自行车在我们的日常生活中是非常便利的。available “可以利用的，可以得到的”；convenient“方便的”；possible“可能的”；personal“个人的”。9【解析】选a。call up在这里是“使回忆起；使想起”的意思。call for“需要，要求”；call on“要求，请求，拜访”；call in“召来”。10【解析】选d。now and then意为“有时，偶尔”。句意为：自从两年前安娜离开家乡以来我就没见过她，但我们的确有时发电子邮件保持联系。here and there到处；sooner or later迟早；at one time一度，过去有一段时间。11【解析】选d。句子表示“创造了一个稳定的环境”，所以应用stable。peaceful和平的；sensitive敏感的；common普通的。12【解析】选d。expectation意为“期待，期望，预料”，短语not come up to(ones)expectations意为“未达到期望(的水平)”。句意为：老实说，虽然约翰是我最喜欢的演员之一，但他在这部电影中扮演的角色没有达到我的期望。13【解析】选c。考查副词辨析。finall