必修三Unit 3 Grammar课件.ppt

Nounclausesastheobjectandpredicative Unit3Grammar 名词性从句nounclause 主语从句subjectclause 宾语从句objectclause 表语从句predicativeclause 同位语从句appositiveclause 表语从句的定义 在复合句中作主句的表语 它对主语进行解释 说明 使主语的内容具体化 结构是 主语 系动词 表语从句 可以接表语从句的系动词有 be taste feel sound look seem keep remain stay get turn等 连词 that whether asif asthough连接代词 who whom whose which what连接副词 when where why how because 表语从句引导词注意事项 1 that引导表语从句时不能省 2 if不能引导表语从句 3 当主语为 要求 建议 命令 时 表语从句用虚拟语气 should 动词原型 4 当主句的主语为reason 或者是由why引导的从句时 与它们相关的表语从句用 而不能由 引导 because引导表语从句时只能用于 句型中 that来引导 because It That Thisis wasbecause 1 Itseemsthatyouareright 2 Thequestioniswhocandothework 3 Helookedasifhewasgoingtocry 4 That swhereyouneedtogo 5 That sthehousewherewelive 6 Idon tknowwheretheylive ObjectClauses宾语从句 M3U3Grammar Iknowhim 2 Iknowwhoheis 主语 谓语 宾语 主语 谓语 宾语 宾语从句 连词 从句主语 从句谓语 什么是宾语 Iknowhim Doyouhavethetime Ithink that sheisbeautiful Whydon tyoupayattentiontome 宾语位于谓语动词或者介词后 一 宾语从句的概念 在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句 常放在主句谓语动词或介词之后 E g WeknowthatMrGreenteachesEnglish Sheaskediftheseanswerswereright 二 宾语从句三要素 引导词 连接词 语序时态 Wewonderhowweshalldo Couldyoutellmewheretheyare Webelievethattheyhavefinishedtheirtask 4 IamsorrythatIdidn tknowyouwanttojointheParty 找出下列句中的宾语从句 不同引导词引导的宾语从句 由从属连词that引导的宾语从句 由连接代词Who whom whose which what和连接副词where how why when引导的宾语从句 由从属连词whether if引导的宾语从句 一 引导词 1 2 3 e g Hesaid that hemissedusverymuchTheteachertoldus that theearthmovesaroundthesun 由从属连词that引导的宾语从句 注 that在句中无意义 在从句中不能充当成分 可以省略 that 不能省略的2种情况 2 用it做形式宾语的宾语从句时 it常可以放在动词think find consider believe feel make等后作为形式宾语 而真正的宾语 that从句则放在句尾 Wehearditthatshewouldgetmarriednextmonth 1 当and连接两个或两个以上的宾语从句时 只有第一个and可省 Ihearhewillcomebackandthathewillneverleave 在insist demand suggest order等词后面的宾从用虚拟语气 我建议你早点睡觉 Isuggest that youshouldgotobedearly 由从属连词whether if引导的宾语从句 Iwanttoknowif whether hewillgototheparkwithus 2 Askhimwhether if hecancome3 Iwonderwhetheritisgoingtorainornot4 Couldyoutellmewhether if Mr Liliveshere if whether 是否 说明对陈述的事物不明确或不清楚 常用在ask wonder can could youtellme等后 只能用whether不能用if的情况 四种 1 在介词后面 I mthinkingofwhetherweshouldgofishing Weareworriedaboutwhetheritwillraintomorrow 2 在动词不定式前 whethertodosth Theyaskedmewhethertogoskating 3 当与ornot或or连用时 Idon tknowwhetherhe sfreeornot Tellmewhetheryou dliketogoshoppingortidytheroom 4 宾语从句提前时 Whetherthisistrue Ican tsay Practicetime if whether1 Iaskedher shehadabike 2 We reworriedabout heissafe 3 Iwonder heiswell 4 Idon tknow ornotheiswell 5 Idon tknow togo if whether whether whether if whether whether 由连接代词Who whom whose which what和连接副词where how why when引导的宾从 代词或副词连接主句和从句 并在从句中担任句子成分 具有一定的意义 保留疑问含义 不可省略 1 Iwonder it sbecauseIhaven tbeenabletobeoutdoors 2 That s they recalledtheWinterOlympics 3 MayIask youweredoinginmyrestaurant 4 Iwonder you dmindusaskingafewquestions 5 Mayweask you redoinginthiscountryand yourplansare if why what if what what 6 Well Ican tsay Ihaveanyplans 7 hiseyesstareat isleftonthetable8 Ididn tknow Icouldsurviveuntiltomorrow 9 Thefactis Iearnedmymoneybyworkinghard 10 That s we vegivenyoutheletter that what whether that why 11 Theydon tknow wewillcomeback 12 Shewantedtoknow bookyouliketobuy 13 Iwasreallysurprisedat Isaw 14 Doyouknow skirtitis when which what whose 二 语序宾语从句的语序用陈述语序 连接词 主语 谓语 其他成分 1 Whenwillhegotothelibrary Hisbrotheraskswhenhewillgotothelibrary Hisbrotheraskswhenwillhegotothelibrary 2 Whatdidhewanttobuy Idon tknowwhatdidhewanttobuy Idon tknowwhathewantedtobuy 主句 连接词 从句 主 谓 其他成分 What swrong What sthematter What shappening Whathappened 注 当从句的原句为以下句子以及what who作主语时 语序不变 e g Idon tknowwhat sthematter Canyoutellmewhoisoverthere Canyoutellmewhoheis 做主语 做宾语 Iknowheliveshere Iknowhelivedheretenyearsago Ihaveheardthathewillcometomorrow 三 时态 主句用现在时或将来时 从句可用任何时态 根据实际情况而定 2 如果主句是过去的时态 一般过去时 过去进行时 从句的时态一定要用相对应的过去的某种时态 一般过去时 过去进行时 过去将来时 过去完成时 Iknewwholivedhere Isawshewastalkingwithhermother Heaskedwhetherhisfatherwouldcomebacktomorrow Hesaidthathehadseenit 3 从句说明的是一般真理 客观事实 自然现象时 仍用一般现在时 Dadtoldusthatitisbettertodothantosay Hetoldtheboythatthreeandthreeissix Hetoldmetheearthmovesaroundthesun Theradiosaysit cloudytomorrow be Theheadmasterhopeseverything well go Ihearthey return italready Hesaidthatthey membersofthePartysince1948 be Ourteachertoldusinclassthesun intheeast rise willbe goes havereturned hadbeen rises 宾语从句三要素 时态 Summary 小结 引导词 连接词 语序 1 Theyoungmanasked it ssummerorwinter A eitherB thatC weatherD whether2 Wedon tknow theydidit A howB whoC whatD which3 Theteacherasksus Jimcancomebackontime A thatB ifC whenD whattime4 Doesanybodyknow wewillhaveasportsmeetingthisweekendornot A ifB whereC whetherD that D A B C Practice 5 Couldyoushowme A howcanIgettothestationB whereisthestationC howIcouldgettothestationD howIcanreachthestation6 Pleasetellme A whatdoeshelikeB whathedoeslikeC whathelikesD whathelike7 Mysistertoldhim A whatdaywasitB whenthetrainarrivedC whoshewaswaitingD wheredidyoulive C B D 8 Someoneisringingthedoorbell Goandsee A whoisheB whoheisC whoisitD whoitis9 Couldyoutellmehowlong A youhaveboughtthewatchB youhavekeptthissciencebookC haveyoubeenawayfromChinaD haveyoubeenamemberofGreenerChina10 Hesaysthatifit tomorrow he fishing A willrain won tgoB rained wasn tgoC rains won tgoD rain willgo B C D 1 Ireallyhavenoidea 我该选择什么主题 2 Ourteachertoldus 光速比声速快多了 3 Ididn ttellhim 我参加了什么项目 4 I 认为他没有时间和你打高尔夫球 5 Theyarediscussing 这答案是否正确 根据汉语完成句子 1 IreallyhavenoideawhatsubjectIshouldchoose 我该选择什么主题 2 Ourteachertoldusthatlighttravelsmuchfasterthansound 光速比声速快多了 3 Ididn ttellhimwhichsportIwasin 我参加了什么项目 4 Idon tthinkhehastimetoplaygolfwithyou 认为他没有时间和你打高尔夫球 5 Theyarediscussingiftheanswerisright 这答案是否正确 PredicativeClauses表语从句 表语从句是在复合句中作表语的名词性从句 放在系动词之后 一般结构是 主语 系动词 表语从句 可以接表语从句的系动词有be look remain seem等 另外 常用的还有thereasonwhy isthat 和Itisbecause 等结构 例如 一 表语从句三要素 引导词 连接词 语序时态 如何区分表语从句 Heisastudent 主语谓语表语Thereasonisthatheisastudent 主语谓语表语从句 句子做表语就是表语从句 表语从句 从句在句中充当表语成分 一般放在连系动词之后 作用 对主语进行解释说明 连接词 that whether asif asthough if不引导表语从句 连接代词 who whom whose which what连接副词 when where why how because Thequestioniswhetherwecanrelyonhim That sbecausewewereinneedofmoneyatthattime Helookedasifhewasgoingtocry That swhyIwaslate 不同引导词引导的表语从句 由从属连词that引导的表语从句 由连接代词Who whom whose which what和连接副词where how why when引导的表语从句 由从属连词whether asif though引导的表语从句 一 引导词 1 2 3 由从属连词whether asif引导的表语从句 1 Thequestionis 2 Iwonder whetheritisworthdoing whetheritisrightorwrong itwasgoingtorain whether 是否 说明对陈述的事物不明确或不清楚 asif表似乎 猜测 Itlookedasif e g WhatIwanttosayisthatI msorry IthinkitnecessarythatyoushouldreadEnglishaloud 由从属连词that引导的表语从句 注 that在从句中不能省略 1 Thatis 2 Thatwas 3 Theproblemis 4 Histroubleis whatheisworriedabout whytheymadeabet howtheycangetfood wherehecanfindhisbook 由连接代词Who whom whose which what和连接副词where how why when引导的宾从 代词或副词连接主句和从句 并在从句中担任句子成分 具有一定的意义 保留疑问含义 不可省略 注意 一般情况下 that 不能省 Itis wasbecause Itis waswhy 在表语从句中 表 是否 时 只能用 whether 不能用 If 3 Thereason why for is wasthat 4Thereasonisbecause why that 注意 表语从句的引导词与宾语从句相同 但 1 that引导表语从句时不能省 2 if不能引导表语从句 1 Pleasetellmeyouwillgotothelecturetomorrow 宾语从句 2 Italldependsontheskywillclearup 介词宾语从句 3 Thequestionisthefilmiswellworthseeing 表语从句 关联词比较 whether if whether if whether Whether 二 语序表语从句的语序用陈述语序 连接词 主语 谓语 其他成分 1 Whenwillhegotothelibrary Thequestioniswhenhewillgotothelibrary Thequestioniswhenwillhegotothelibrary 2 Thatiswhatheisworriedabout Thatiswhatisheworriedabout 主句 连接词 从句 主 谓 其他成分 Itiswherehelivesin Itiswherehelivedin10yearsago 三 时态 主句用现在时或将来时 从句可用任何时态 根据实际情况而定 2 如果主句是过去的时态 一般过去时 过去进行时 从句的时态一定要用相对应的过去的某种时态 一般过去时 过去进行时 过去将来时 过去完成时 Herwishwasthatshecouldloseweightsoon Itlookedasifitwasgoingtorain Thequestionwaswhetherhisfatherwouldcomebacktomorrow Thereasonwhyhewaslatewasthatthetrainhadalreadyleft 1 That s thePartycalledonustodo A whyB whatC howD that2 Thereasonis heisunabletooperatethemachine A becauseB whyC thatD Whether3 Thatis theywereseparated A thatB whatC whichD where4 Janeisnolonger shewasfouryearsago A whatB whichC thatD when Individualactivity 注 另附word文档 点击此处链接 1 Seetheflagsontopofthebuilding Thatwas wedidthismorning 2006全国I A whenB whichC whereD what I Choosethebestanswer 2 Choosingtherightdictionarydependson youwanttouseitfor 2007江苏 A whatB whyC howD whether3 CouldIspeakto isinchargeofInternationalSales please 2007山东 A anyoneB someoneC whoeverD nomatterwho 4 Theseasideheredrawsalotoftouristseverysummer Warmsunshineandsoftsandsmake itis 2007天津 A whatB whichC howD where5 Ashisbestfriend Icanmakeaccurateguessesabout hewilldoorthink 2008上海 A whatB whichC whomD that 6 Atfirsthehatedthenewjobbutdecidedtogivehimselfafewmonthstosee itgotanybetter 2009北京 A whenB howC whyD if7 Thelittlegirlwhogotlostdecidedtoremain shewasandwaitforhermother 2009山东 A whereB whatC howD who 8 Wehaven tdiscussedyet wearegoingtoplaceournewfurniture 2010全国I A thatB whichC whatD where9 Cindyshutthedoorheavilyandburstintotears Nooneintheofficeknew shewassoangry 2010湖南 A whereB whetherC thatD why 10 IprefershuttingmyselfinandlisteningtomusicalldayonSundays That s Idon tagree Youshouldhaveamoreactivelife 2010江苏 A whereB howC whenD what11 Onereasonforherpreferenceforcitylifeis shecanhaveeasyaccesstoplaceslikeshopsandrestaurants 2010上海 A thatB howC whatD why 12 We veofferedherthejob butIdon tknow she llacceptit 2011山东 A whereB whatC whetherD which13 Thevillagershavealreadyknown we lldoistorebuildthebridge 2011江西 A thisB thatC whatD which 14 I dliketostartmyownbusiness that s I ddoifIhadthemoney 2011陕西 A whyB whenC whichD what15 Theshockingnewsmademerealize terribleproblemswewouldface 2011北京 A whatB howC thatD why 16 Wepromise attendsthepartyachancetohaveaphototakenwiththemoviestar 2012福建 A whoB whomC whoeverD whomever17 Thenewcomerwenttothelibrarytheotherdayandsearchedfor hecouldfindaboutMarkTwain 2012辽宁 A whereverB howeverC whateverD whichever 18 It sgoodtoknow thedogswillbewellcaredforwhilewe reaway 2013山东 A whatB whoseC whichD that19 Policehavefound appearstobethelostancientstatue 2013新课标I A whichB whereC howD what 20 Expertsbelieve peoplecanwastelessfoodbyshoppingonlywhenitisnecessary 2013北京 A whyB whereC that