定语从句（一）.ppt

SentenceStructure 句子结构 主语 名词 代词 数词 doing todo WeoftenspeakEnglishinclass Americancountrymusicisverypopular One thirdofthestudentsinthisclassisgirls Toswimintheriverisagreatpleasure Smokingdoesharmtothehealth 1 Actionspeakslouderthanwords 2 Thechancemaynevercomeagain 3 Maryhasbeenworkingatthedressshopsince1994 谓语 有时态 人称 单复数变化的动词 Shecoveredherfacewithherhands Wehaven theardfromherforalongtime Doyoumindopeningthewindow Ididn tmeanttohurtyou 宾语 谓语动词或介词后 Myfatherisaprofessor Thematchbecameveryexciting Thegoalofmylifemaybetohelpothers Seeingisbelieving 表语 be动词 联系动词之后 Thebestfishswimnearthebottom Ileftthevillagefiveyearsago Iarrivedlatebecauseofthetrafficjam We llsendacartofetchyou Thestudentscameintotheclassroom singinganddancing 状语 时间 地点 原因 目的 伴随等状语 Theyarewomanworkers Maryisabeautifulgirl Tom sfatherdidn twritehomeuntilyesterday Theplayhasthreeacts ThisisherfirsttriptoEurope Chinaisadevelopingcountry Ihavenothingtoeat 定语 起修饰或限定作用的 aboyinthepicture aboywhoissmiling alovelyboy attributiveclause attribute TheAttributiveClause 定语从句 Grammar AttributiveClause定语从句修饰 限定 modify 某一名词或代词的从句 clause 先行词 antecedent 被修饰的名词或代词 HeisanEnglishteacherwholikessingingsongs 定语从句 先行词 关系词relativeword 关系词 关系代词relativepronoun 关系副词relativeadverb 关系代词 指代 referto 被修饰词 在从句中作主语 宾语 表语 predicative 定语 attribute 放在从句句首 that 指代被修饰的物 人 人和物which 指代被修饰的物who whom 宾格 指代被修饰的人whose 名词 指代 某人 某物的 关系副词 在从句中作状语 adverbial 放在从句句首 where作从句的地点状语 从句修饰地点 情况 境况等名词when作从句的时间状语 从句修饰时间名词why作从句的原因状语 从句修饰reason Theteachingbuildinglooksnice Thebuildingwasputuplastyear Theteachingbuildingwhichwasputuplastyearlooksnice 关系代词 which Thisisthehouse LuXunoncelivedinthehouse ThisisthehousewhichLuXunoncelivedin 指代被修饰的物 在从句中充当主语或宾语 关系代词 who 指代被修饰的人 在从句中充当主语或宾语 TheboysarefromGradeOne Theboysareplayingbasketball TheboyswhoareplayingbasketballarefromGradeOne Theyoungmanisafamouswriter Yousawtheyoungmanyesterday Theyoungmanwhoyousawyesterdayisafamouswriter 关系代词 whom 指代被修饰的人 在从句中充当宾语 Whereisthegirl YoutalkedwithherlastSunday WhereisthegirlwhomyoutalkedwithlastSunday 关系代词 that 指代被修饰的人或物 在从句中充当主语或宾语 Thewomanisateacher Thewomanlivesnextdoor Thewomanwho thatlivesnextdoorisateacher Thebookisveryinteresting Ireadthebookyesterday Thebookwhich thatIreadyesterdayisveryinteresting Themanwhoselegswerebadlyhurtwasquicklytakentohospital Themanwasquicklytakentohospital Theman slegswerebadlyhurt Iknowthedoctor Hisdaughterstudiesabroad Iknowthedoctorwhosedaughterstudiesabroad 关系代词 whose 指代 人的 或 物的 从句中充当定语 Shelivesinthehouse Thewindowsofthehousefacesouth Shelivesinthehousewhosewindowsfacesouth Haveyouseenhisbook Thecoverofthebookisred Haveyouseenhisbookwhosecoverisred Hetalkedabouttheplacesandpeople HevisitedtheplacesandpeopleinChina HetalkedabouttheplacesandpeoplethathevisitedinChina Note1 that在从句中作主语 宾语 同时修饰 人和物 这时不用which who whom Note2 that which who whom在从句中作宾语时 可以省略 Theyoungmanyousawyesterdayisafamouswriter ThisisthehouseLuXunoncelivedin Whereisthegirlyoutalkedwithjustnow Mikeusedtobealazyperson Heisnolongeralazyperson 迈克不再是 他 以前 是 的那个懒汉了 Mikeisnolongerthelazyperson thatheusedtobe Note3 that在从句中可充当表语 这时不用which who whom who that 主语 宾语 whom 宾语 定语 1 whom只充当宾语 Conclusion which that 主语 宾语 whose 2 关系代词充当宾语时可省略 3 关系词充当表语时用that 4 先行词既有人也有物时用that Thescientist that who whom wemetyesterdayisveryfamousintheworld 2 Thedressisnew Sheiswearingit Thedress that which sheiswearingisnew 1 Thescientistisveryfamousintheworld Wemetheryesterday Practise 3 Heisaniceperson Iprefertoworkwithhim Heistheniceperson that whom who Iprefertoworkwith 1 Thegirl issittinginthechairisagoodsinger 2 Theskirt Maryboughttwoyearsagoisold 3 Isthisthenovel youintroducedtome 4 Whereistheboy brokethewindow 5 Luckilynoneofthepeople Iknowwerekilledintheearthquakeisforgotten who that which that which that who that who that 5 Thisisthefactory Ivisitedlastyear 6 Thisisthehouse Ilivedintenyearsago 7 Idon tknowthegirl Jackistalkingwithnow 8 Thisisthefactory makestoys 9 Doyourememberthedays wespenttogetherattheseaside 10 Sorry Iforgotthereason youtoldmejustnow 11 Don tthinkaboutthepeopleandthings makeyouangryanymore which that which that who whom that which that which that which that that 成分问题 改错 ThemachineIhaditrepairedyesterdayisworkingwell 主谓一致问题1 Anyonewho keep workinghardwillsucceedsoonerorlater Thosewho keep workinghard I who yourteacher willtrytohelpyou 2 Heisoneoftheboyswho be goodatphysics Heistheonlyoneoftheboyswho be goodatphysics keeps keep are is am 解题技巧 定语从句的人称和数必须与先行词保持一致 theway引导的定语从句 Idon tliketheway Hetreatshisparentsintheway inwhich that 省略 theway在从句中充当方式状语时 inwhich that 省略 Idon tliketheway hetreatshisparents 1 Idon tliketheway youspeaktoyourmother inwhich that 2 Idon tliketheway shethoughtof that which 3 Idon tliketheway isnotpractical that which 解题技巧 分析theway在从句中的成分 Practise Isthisschool youvisitedlastweek A whereB thatC whichD theone Thisschoolis youvisitedlastweek 解题技巧 将疑问句转换成陈述句 which theone Isthisthemuseum youvisitedlastweek which that 注意 先行词为物 只用that而不用which的情况 1 先行词为all everything nothing something anything little few much等不定代词时 Iamsureshehassomethingspecialthatwillinterestyou 2 先行词被theonly thevery thesame thelast just修饰时 Thisistheonlydictionarythatthestudenthas 3 当先行词是序数词或者被序数词修饰时 ThisisthefirstEnglishbookthatIhaveread 4 当先行词是最高级或者被最高级修饰时 ThisisthebestfilmthatIhaveeverwatched 5 在主句以who which开头的句子中 为了避免重复 关系代词用that Whichisthecomputerthatwasboughtyesterday 6 当先行词有两个 一个指人一个指物时 Latertheytalkedofschoolsandpersonsthattheyvisited 7 当关系词在句中作表语时用that Myvillageisnolongerthepoorplacethatitusedtobe who和that在指人的情况下一般都可以互换 但以下情况不可互换 1 在以who引导的特殊疑问句中 为了避免重复 一般用that而不用who Whoisthegirlthatisstandingbehindthetree 2 当先行词为those he明显指人时 宜用who而不用that Thosewhohaveunderstoodthismayleavenow Hewholaughslastlaughsbest 关系代词as的用法 当先行词有thesame so such修饰时 关系代词用as as在从句中充当主语或宾语 as as Sheiswearingthesamedress Iamwearing Heissuchagoodteacher wealllike Heissogoodateacher wealllike as as和that的区别 5 Look Maryiswearingthesamedress youarewearing Youareusingthesamepen Ilostyesterday Wheredidyougetit 解题技巧 判断是否同一物体 as that 同类不同物 同类同一物 先行词被thesame修饰 表示 相同的同一个人或物 That sthesamemanthataskedforhelpyesterday thesame as 相同的另一个 thesame that 相同的同一个 Thisisthesamefactory Ivisitedlastyear Iboughtthesamebook youlostyesterday that as as虽然作宾语 但不省略 as和that的区别 4 Heissuchateacher wealllikehim Heissuchateacher wealllike 解题技巧 判断从句是否完整 that as so such that 结果状语从句 so such as 定语从句 先行词被such修饰时 关系代词用as such as Let sdiscusss