【步步高】高考英语一轮复习 Unit 1 Plant World同步导学 重庆大学版必修4(1).docVIP

【步步高】2015届高考英语一轮复习 unit 1 plant world同步导学 重大版必修4.重点单词识记1straight /streit/ adj.直的；整齐的；诚实的2slim /slim/ adj.纤细的；苗条的3cool /kul/ vt./vi.冷却；(使)变冷；adj.凉爽的；冷静的4worldwide /wldwaid/ adv.世界各地地；adj.遍及全世界的5proverb /prvb/ n谚语；格言6trap /trp/ n陷阱；圈套；vt.困住；使陷入陷阱中7prisoner /prizn/ n囚犯，犯人prison n监狱8loveliness /lvlinis/ n美丽；迷人lovely adj.美丽的；可爱的；令人愉快的9float /flt/ vi./vt.浮动，漂浮；散播floating adj.漂浮的；不固定的10hanging /hi/ adj.悬垂的，垂下的hang vt/vi.悬挂；漂浮11sticky /stiki/ adj.粘的，粘性的stick n棍，手杖；vi.坚持；伸出；粘贴12drown /dran/ vi./vt.淹死；沉没drowning adj.溺水的drowned adj.淹死的.重点短语识记1in all总共2come up成长，生长3do with处理；利用4cut down砍倒5o.使进入；把放入6. take out拿出，取出；去掉7get ready准备好做8a great many很多9hang up把挂起来；挂断10. fall into落入，陷入.经典原句默写与背诵1it grows up straight and thin，with branches at the top.它长得笔直修长，顶端长着枝叶。2it has long leaves that sway in the wind like slim fingers reaching to touch something.它长长的叶子在风中摇摆，就好像伸出纤细的手指去触摸什么。3but the most interesting thing about this remarkable plant is what people do with it after it is cut down.但是这种不可思议的植物最让人感兴趣的是人们把它砍倒之后对它的利用。4in warm countries，many people have their houses made almost entirely of bamboo，the walls，the roof，and the floor.在气候温暖的国家，他们的房子几乎完全由竹子制成，包括墙面、屋顶和地板。1it was often hung in doorways as a sign of friendship.(hanging)2the drowning child was crying out for help.(drown)3on several occasions she had remarked on the boys improvement.(remarkable)4the cat sat in front of him，its tail stretched out straight.(straight)5he looks old and walks with a stick.(sticky)6the garden of this lovely mansion is also well worth a visit.(loveliness)1 straight adj.连续的；笔直的(direct)；正直的(honest)；整齐的；adv.直接地；不断地；立即(at once)；坦率地；n.直；直线go straight直走；改过自新straight ahead一直向前stand straight直立straighten把弄直；整理drive straight ahead，and then you will see a sign to the expressway.直行你就会看见指示你开往高速公路的路标。夯实基础(1)单句改错after school，he walked straightly back home.straightlystraight(2)could you tell me the way to the nearest post office?sure.go straight ahead(向前直行) and take the second turn on the right and youll see the building.2 set/lay a trap for设下圈套be caught in a trapfall into a trap落入陷阱be trapped in 被困在trap o doing.诱骗某人做she had set a trap for him and he had walked straight into it.她给他设下圈套，他就径直钻了进去。she was trapped in the burning house at that moment.当时她被困在燃烧着的房子里。夯实基础(1)he fell into/was caught in a trap(陷入) of poverty.(2)were you just trying to trap her into making(诱骗她作出) a mistaken decision? 3 drown.in.埋头于，专心于，在中浸泡be drowned in.埋头于，沉浸在drowning adj.快要淹死的；n.溺水last night a boy was drowned in the river.昨晚一名男孩在河里溺亡了。the conversation was drowned by the arrival of the taxi.到来的出租车的声音压过了谈话的声音。特别提醒要表示某人被淹死，用主动语态和被动语态均可，但以被动语态为普遍。he (was) drowned while trying to swim across a river.他在试图游过一条河时淹死了。 夯实基础同义句改写he was drowned in doing his homework and didnt notice tom coming.(1)he drowned himself in doing his homework and didnt notice tom coming.(用drown oneself in改写句子)(2)drowned in doing his homework，he didnt notice tom coming.(用drown的过去分词短语作状语改写句子)(3)drowning himself in his homework，he didnt notice tom coming.(用drown的现在分词短语作状语改写句子).单项填空1the police set a to catch the thieves.aplan bdevicectrap dtrick答案c解析句意为：警方设下圈套捉拿窃贼。set a trap设下圈套。2i felt by my marriage.atrap btrappingctrapped dto trap答案c解析句意为：我感到自己被困在婚姻之中。从句意来看，主语i 和trap之间为被动关系，故用过去分词表示。3three students while saving the boys.agot drown；drowningbgot drowned；drowningcwere drowned；drowneddwere drowning；drowning答案b解析句意为：三名学生在救落水的孩子时溺水身亡。get drowned被淹死；第二空用现在分词作定语表示动作正在进行。.汉译英他累得走都走不直了。(straight)he was too tired to walk straight.1sometimes you see a figure，but when you come up to it，its nothing.2everybody packed their bags and got ready to go home.3they found a way to do with the question.4can nuclear weapons fall into the wrong hands?5many trees were cut down to make room for the new road.1 above all最重要的是at all根本；全然after all毕竟；终究；到底all in all总而言之for/with all尽管there were a hundred persons present in all.共计有100人参加。all in all，you cannot be satisfied enough to get it.总而言之，得到它你是再满意不过了。夯实基础用含有all的短语填空(1)children need many things；above all，they need love from their parents.(2)in all,24 people were found guilty.(3)what is personal development after all?(4)there was only one who did not look at all unhappy.2 come up走近(come over)；上来；发生(happen)；出现(appear)；被提及/讨论(bementioned)；长出地面，发芽；(太阳、月亮)升起；被提出come up with提出；追上come about发生come across偶然碰到come along跟着；前来；参加come out出版；开花；发芽a question came up at the meeting.在会上提出了一个问题。ill let you know if anything comes up.如果发生什么事，我会告诉你的。夯实基础 用含有come的短语填空(1)the sky was dark blue when the moon came up.(2)i came across an old school friend in oxford street this morning.(3)your most recent book came out last year.(4)several of the members have come up with suggestions of their own.3 fall into the habit of养成习惯fall behind落后fall asleep入睡fall in love with爱上fall ill生病my talk falls naturally into three parts.我的谈话可以自然分成三个部分。she fell ill after she got caught in the heavy rain.她淋了大雨，生病了。夯实基础(1)he fell into the habit of(养成了的习惯) going there every saturday evening，when he was in london.(2)he was so tired that he sat down and fell asleep(睡着了).单项填空1on seeing his friend coming out of the airport，he and greeted him warmly.acame up bmade upctook up dput up答案a解析句意为：一看到朋友从机场出来，他走上前去热烈欢迎。come up走上前，符合句意。2while the husband computer games，his wife asleep.aplay；was fallingbwas playing；fellcwas playing；was fallingdplay；fell答案b解析while意为“正当时”，引导的从句要用进行时态；又因fall asleep为瞬间性动词短语，不能用进行时，故选b项。3why are you so anxious？it isnt your problem .aon purpose bin allcon time dafter all答案d解析句意为：你为什么那么紧张？毕竟那不是你的问题。after all毕竟，符合句意。.汉译英我被派来负责安排你们这一天的所有活动。(take charge of)(2011天津书面表达)i was appointed to take charge of arranging all the activities on that day.(1)完成句子this apple tastes good(很好吃)the lady in white is a famous singer(是一位著名的歌唱家)(2)用被动语态改写下列句子the teacher made the students stay after school.the students were made to stay after school by the teacher.the students have invited us to a dance.we have been invited to a dance by the students.they will put off their wedding till next week.their wedding will be put off till next week.all.notnot all.部分否定，也称不完全否定。具有总括意义的代词(each，everybody，everything，all，both等)、形容词(complete，whole等)和副词(completely，always，wholly，altogether等)与否定词not连用，构成部分否定，表示“不都；并非都”的意思。而no，none，never，nobody，neither，nothing，no more，no longer等表示全部不变。all my friends do not study well.not all my friends study well.我的朋友并不是个个都学习好。everything is not right.并非什么都好。夯实基础把下列部分否定的句子改为全部否定(1)not everything she did pleased him.nothing she did pleased him.(2)both of them are not my brothers.neither of them is my brother.(3)i do not remember all the formulas.i remember none of the formulas.(4)she is not always excited.she is never excited.单项填空1which of the two computer games did you prefer?actually i didnt like .aboth of them beither of themcnone of them dneither of them答案b解析考查部分否定与全部否定。i didnt like either of them相当于i liked neither of them，是完全否定，意为“我哪一个也不喜欢”。2please remain until the film has come to an end.aseated bseatingcto seated dseat答案a解析remain为系动词，后跟形容词作表语，seated为分词形容词，作remain的表语。.汉译英毕竟，所有的孩子更喜欢被表扬而不是被批评。(prefer to do.rather than do.)(2010广东读写任务)after all，all kids prefer to be praised rather than be scolded.1would you like to with us to the film tonight？(2013新课标全国，2)acome along bcome offccome across dcome through答案a解析句意为：今晚你愿意和我们一起去看电影吗？come along出现，参加，跟着来，符合句意。come off举行，发生，能被去掉；come across(偶然)发现，遇见；come through(消息等)传达，安然度过(危险、困难等)。2although rosemary had suffered from a serious illness for years，she lost of her enthusiasm for life.(2013陕西，22)asome bneithercnone dall答案c解析句意为：尽管rosemary多年来遭受严重的疾病折磨，但是她从没有失去对生活的热情。根据句意可以将a、d两项排除。neither表示“(两者)都不”，而none可以表示“(数量上)没有”。3the letters for the boss on his desk but he didnt read them until three days later.(2012天津，2)awere put bwas putcput dhas put答案a解析句意为：给老板的那些信被放在了桌子上，但直到三天后他才读的。根据but后的“didnt read”可知老板读信是发生在过去，所以信被放到桌子上应该发生在“读信”之前，也是过去的动作，与现在无关，所以排除d项；the letters与put之间为被动关系，故排除c项；而且the letters作主语，是复数，可排除b项。所以答案为a项。4all visitors to this village with kindness.(2011四川，9)atreat bare treatedcare treating dhad been treated答案b解析句意为：所有到这个村庄的游客都受到了友好的招待。treat为一般现在时的主动语态；are treated为一般现在时的被动语态；are treating为现在进行时的主动语态；had been treated为过去完成时的被动语态。句子主语all visitors与谓语动词treat之间为被动关系。结合语境可确定用一般现在时的被动语态。5linda，make sure the tables before the guests arrive.(2010大纲全国，15)abe set bsetcare set dare setting答案c解析句意为：linda，确保桌子在客人们到达前摆好。桌子是被摆好，故用被动语态。6when i talked with my grandma on the phone，she sounded weak，but by the time we up，her voice had been full of life.(2009北京，30)awere hanging bhad hungchung dwould hang答案c解析hang up的动作应发生在had been full of life之后，故应用一般过去时表示。.单项填空1. would you please lend me some money? .i was not born with a silver spoon in my mouth.ano problem bout of questioncwithout question dno way答案d解析考查交际用语。根据后句的“我不是生于富贵之家”可知选no way(决不)。2hi，mike! nice to meet you.oh，jack，aren t you? it s surprising.i i would meet you here.adidnt think bnever thinkchadn t think dwon t think答案a解析考查时态。根据语境，应该是指“我”之前没有想到，故用一般过去时。3the girl had hardly rung the bell the door opened suddenly，and a birthday party was waiting for her.auntil bsincecwhen dafter答案c解析考查固定句式hardly.when.“一就”。4where is my dictionary? i remember i put it here yesterday.perhaps，you it in the wrong place.amust have put bshould have putccan have put dmight have put答案d 解析考查情态动词。might have done常用于推测过去的行为，表示“可能已经”，符合语境。5babies health is much more likely to be affected if parent smokes.aboth bnone cneither deither答案d解析考查代词。句意为：如果婴儿的父母亲中有一个吸烟的话，其健康就很可能受影响。根据parent的形式可判断出选d项，either两者中任何一个。6 many times，but he still didnt understand it.ahaving been told bthough he was toldcto have been told dhe was told答案d解析考查并列句。句意为：他被告诉过许多次，但是他仍然不明白。因为句中有并列连词but，所以选d项。7we have spotted the location， we thought is the site of emperor qin shihuang.athat bwhatcwhich dwhere答案c解析考查定语从句。分析句子可知空格处引导定语从句，we thought 是插入语，从句缺少主语，应考虑用关系代词，又是非限制性定语从句，故选c项。8not all the boys like football. the sentence means .aneither of the boys likes footballbnone of the boys like footballcnone of the boys dont like footballdall the boys dont like football答案d解析此题考查部分否定与完全否定的区别，由句意知此句表示部分否定，故选d项。9 impressed the audience most was the magician liu qian played in this years spring gala.awhat；what bwhat；thatcthat；what dthat；that答案a解析第一空是引导主语从句的连词，用作主语，选what；第二空为引导表语从句的引导词，作play的宾语，选what。10how long do you think it will be the stock market returns to normal?at least one year，i guess.awhen bbeforecuntil dthat答案b解析it will be.before.要过才。.完形填空an italian professor of philosophy who teaches at the university of pisa perhaps is the most interesting person i have ever met.although i last met him eight years ago，i have not forgotten his 1 qualities.first of all，i was impressed by his 2 to teaching.his lectures were always wellprepared and clearly delivered，so students 3 into his classroom.his followers also appreciated the fact that he believed in 4 he taught and that he was always encouraging.he could be 5 in every class to explain his ideas in an imaginative way.once he 6 sang a song in class in order to make a point clear.second，i admired him for the fact that he would 7 make friends with students.sometimes he would 8 a student to join him in a game of chess.at other times，he would discuss subjects 9 from astronomy to diving with students.many young people visited him in his office for academic advice；others came to his home for social evenings.finally，i was attracted by his lively 10 of humor.he believed that no lesson is a success 11 ，during it，the students and the professor share at least one loud laugh.if it is true that life makes a wise man 12 and a foolish man cry，then my friend is truly a wise man.1 a.common bspecialcbasic dfunny答案b解析common普通的；special特别的；basic基础的；funny滑稽的。根据下文对教授的回忆可知，“我”无法忘记他特别的品质。故b项正确。2 a.attention bproductioncdevotion ddetermination答案c解析attention注意；production成果，作品；devotion热爱，奉献；determination决心。根据下文“his lectures were always wellprepared and clearly delivered”可推知，他热爱教育。故c项正确。3 a.crowded bflewcslipped djumped答案a解析crowd拥挤；fly飞；slip滑倒；jump跳。由于他的课程准备充分，表达清晰，因此他的课堂坐满了学生。故a项正确。4 a.that bwhichcwhat dwhen答案c解析空格处作believed in的宾语，故用what引导宾语从句，在从句中作宾语，故c项正确。5 a.expected btoldcordered drecommended答案a解析expect预料，盼望；tell告诉；order命令；recommend推荐。联系上文可知，大家都期望着他能用富于想像的方式来解释他的观点。故a项正确。6 a.only balsocnearly deven答案d解析根据语境可知，有一次他甚至在课堂上唱歌来解释清楚自己的看法。故d项正确。7 a.hardly bfrequentlyceasily dpatiently答案c解析hardly几乎不；frequently频繁地；easily容易地；patiently耐心地。根据第三段对教授和学生之间的生活片段的回忆，说明教授能轻松地和学生交友，并和他们友好相处。故c项正确。8 a.force bchallengecdrive dbeg答案b解析force促使，强迫；challenge 挑战；drive开车；beg乞求。根据空格后“join him in a game of chess”可知，他向学生发出挑战。故b项正确。9 a.spoken bremainingcwritten dranging答案d解析根据下文“from astronomy to diving with students”可知，他们的讨论话题很广泛，从天文学到跳水。range.from.为固定搭配，意为“(在范围内)变动，变化”。故d项正确。10a.feeling bmannerchobby dsense答案d解析feeling感情；manner方式，习惯；hobby爱好；sense感觉，理智。此处指教授富有幽默感，a sense of humor幽默感，为固定用法。故d项正确。11a.unless bifcwhile duntil答案a解析根据语境可知，他坚信在一堂课上，教授和学生应该至少有一次快乐的笑声，否则那堂课就不算成功。unless除非，如果不，符合语境。故a项正确。12a.develop breasoncsmile dthink答案c解析develop发展；reason说服；smile微笑；think思考。由“and a foolish man cry”可知，生活会让智者微笑，让傻子哭泣。故c项正确。.阅读理解as an airport baggage handler checked through a customer at the roadside，he accidentally knocked over the mans luggage.he quickly collected the fallen bags and apologized for his mistake.unappeased(不满足)，the traveler burst into anger，shouting at the baggage handler for his carelessness.the baggage handler calmly apologized and smiled all the time.the customer continued to berate(痛斥) the man，even as he turned away and headed for his gate.through it all the baggage handler smiled and remained calm.the next customer in line witnessed the incident and admired the baggage handlers professionalism and selfcontrol.“i have never seen such restraint and humility，” he said.“how do you keep your cool when somebody is attacking you so viciously？”“its easy，” the baggage handler answered.“hes going to london，but his bags are going to tokyo.”i wont recommend that we use revenge to relieve stress.but let me tell you about one of my friends who has found a way to go through most of his life unaffected by the turbulence that disturbs most people.he is one of the calmest people ive ever known and he describes how he keeps his cool no matter how turbulent a situation becomes.he says，“i look at it this way.a traffic jam has no power to make me angry.it just stops my car.and thats the way i try to look at most of what happens to me.” with that philosophy，this guy goes through life with a calmness i can only envy.my fri