云南省丽江市永胜县永北镇中学初中英语 语法句型转换之同义句专项讲解与练习.doc

云南省丽江市永胜县永北镇中学初中英语 语法-句型转换之同义句专项讲解与练习同义句转换是句型转换题型中一种非常重要的形式。所谓同义句转换，是指用不同的词汇、短语及句型表示相同或相近的意思。它是中考命题的一大热点。现将常见的同义句转换形式作一归纳，以期对同学们的中考复习有所帮助。一、用同义词(组)或近义词(组)改写。1. the children are wearing beautiful clothes. the children are _beautiful clothes. 2. every day, yao ming receives e-mails from thousands of basketball fans. every day,yao ming _thousands of basketball fans. 3. mr. smith is working. mr. smith is_ _. 答案：1. in 2. hears from 3. at work 答案：7. took, get 8. cost her 简析：此类转换必须弄清每个句型的构成特点，而且还要注意句中每个句型的固定搭配。如：give sb. sth.与give sth. to sb.的转换，spend some time(in)doing sth.on sth.与it takes sb.some time to do sth.的转换等等。四、二句并一句转换为简单句。9. jim doesnt like noodles，and jack doesnt,either. _jim_jack likes noodles.10. mrs. smith is my teacher. she is also my good friend. mrs. smith is_ _my teacher_ _my good friend. 答案：9. neither,nor 10.not only,but also 简析：英语中常用not only. but also，either. or,neither. nor,both. and等连词把两个意义相关的简单句合并成一个简单句。解题过程中要注意连词的选用和主谓一致原则。除此之外，还可用too. to,enough to等把两个简单句合并成另一简单句。如：tom is young. he cant go to school.tom is too young to go to school. 五、用派生词或多义词改写。11. the snow was heavy last night.it_ _last night.简析：复合句转换为简单句一般侧重于将从句变化为短语或词组，使其句意简单明了。常见的转换方法有：(1)用不定式替换、用介词短语替换、用名词短语替换、用分词短语替换；(2)将宾语从句简化为疑问词不定式；(3)将so. that. (such. that. )引导的状语从句简化为含有too. to. (或enough to)的简单句；(4)将if引导的状语从句简化为祈使句，and(or)句子。八、综合转换。15. something is wrong with that machine.that machine_ _.答案：doesnt work简析：综合转换是在整体把握句意的基础上，对原句重新进行概括表达，它在词汇、结构等多方面都有较大的变化。至于一些特殊形式的变化，同学们在解题过程中要不断归纳总结，彻底掌握它们。下面就请你做几道练习题一试身手吧！1. bike is short for bicycle. bike is_ _ _saying bicycle. 2. it took mary an hour to do her homework last night. mary_ an hour _her homework last night.3. they made him work 12 hours a day. he_ _ _ _ 12 hours a day. 4. i am a league member. he is a league member,too. _ he_ i _league members. 5. he is so young that he cant join the army. he is _ young_ the army. 6. the player smiled and jumped into the river. the player jumped into the river_ _ _. 7. mr. brown left london six years ago. mr. brown _ _ _ _london for six years. 8. the earth is bigger than the moon. the moon is _ _ _ _the earth. 9. he is one of my friends. he is a friend _ _. 10. the teacher told us that we should not meet at the school gate. the teacher told us_ _ _at the school gate. 11. i have something to tell you. its interesting. i have _ _ to tell you. 12. i saw them playing basketball there. i saw _they_ _basketball there.13. listen carefully,and youll become more interested. _ _listen carefully, youll become more interested. 14. she has been a nurse for five years. it_ _ _ _she became a nurse.15. all are here, but our english teacher isnt. _is here _our