【步步高】高考英语 Module 6 The Internet and Telecommunications同步导学 外研版必修1(1).docVIP

【步步高】2015届高中英语 module 6 the internet and telecommunications同步导学 外研版必修1重点单词1average /vrid/ adj.平均的2breakdown /breikdan/ n故障3source /ss/ n来源；出处4contain /kntein/ vt.包含；包括5access /kses/ n接近；通路，入口；通道accessible adj.可进入的；可使用的；容易接近的6defence /difens/ n保护；防卫defend vt.保卫；防护；辩护7create /krieit/ vt.创造；发明creation n创造；创建；创作creative adj.有创造力的8percentage /psentid/ n百分数；百分率percent n百分之9design /dizain/ vt.设计designer n设计者10invention /invenn/n.发明invent vt.发明；创作11permission /pmin/ n许可permit vt.允许；准许12concentrate /knsntreit/vi.集中(注意力、思想等)concentration n专心；集中(注意力)13definite /defnt/ adj.明确的definition n定义；阐明14independent /indipendnt/ adj.独立的independence n独立15frequently /frikwntli/ adv.时常；经常frequent adj.常见的；频繁的frequency n频率16disadvantage /disdvntid/ n弊端；缺点advantage (反义词)n.优点；长处17shorten /tn/vt.缩短short adj.短的；缺乏的重点短语1become known as.作为而出名；被称为；叫作2go down下降3come up with提出4from that moment on从那时起5concentrate on聚精会神；集中思想6compared with与相比7log on/off注册/注销8as well也9wrap sth.up把某物包起来10with the help of在的帮助下经典句型1it then became possible for universities to use the system as well.各大学也能使用这一系统。2bernerslee made it possible for everyone to use the internet，not just universities and the army.贝尔纳斯李使每个人使用因特网成为了可能，而不仅仅是大学和军队。3it would be much better if we spent the time working on a computer.如果我们用些时间在电脑上工作，那效果将会更好。4two percent of the total population of china have access to the internet，compared with 45 percent in the usa and 15 percent in japan.2%的中国人口使用因特网，相比之下，在美国和日本，这个比例是45%和15%。语境记忆he is a creative designer and inventor and good at taking full advantage of available resources.independent thinking is necessary for him.recently，he is concentrating on his new invention，so he doesnt go out frequently.构词记忆interpreter /intprit/ nc译员；口译者interaction /intkn/ nc&u交流；合作interrupt /intrpt/ vt.1.打断；打扰2.中断；阻断interview /intvju/ nc接见；采访；面试 vt.接见；采访；面试1thomas edison was a great inventor.he invented a lot of things in his life，and his inventions changed the way people lived.(invention)2creation is very important for a countrys progress.so we should educate the students to be able to create in the future though the creative process is not easy.(create)3doctors are aiming to concentrate(集中) more on prevention than cure.4its impossible for me to give you a definite (明确的) answer.5these exercises are designed (设计) to strengthen muscles.6the thieves stole a purse containing (包含)banknotes.7access (接近) to the papers is restricted to senior management.8always carry a phone with you in case you have a breakdown(故障) on the motorway.9the main disadvantage (缺点) of the material is that it fades in strong sunlight.10now that my sons are becoming more independent (独立)，i have more time for myself.1i hope i can contain education in amusement.我希望能寓教于乐。(2010天津书面表达)when the news that mandela had passed away came in, many people in south africa couldnt contain themselves and burst into tears.当曼德拉逝世的消息传来，很多南非人不能控制自己，放声大哭起来。图解助记夯实基础(1)用include，contain的适当形式填空this book contains all the information you need.our sixcity tour included a visit to london.(2)little johnny felt the bag，curious to know what_it_contained(里面装着什么东西)2 access n.(接近的)方法(means)；通路(path；road)；入径(way)；(使用或见到的)机会；权利(常与to连用)(opportunity，or right to use)；可接近性have/get/obtain/gain access to拥有的机会；可以接近；进入give access to准许进入(接近)accessible adj.可到达的；易懂的；随和的be accessible to可接近的；可靠近的；可使用的i know you are interested in chinese culture，especially chinese drama，in consequence of which you are studying in china，and now you have great access to it.我知道你对中国文化，尤其是中国戏剧很感兴趣，也正因为这你正在中国学习，现在你可以了解它了。(2012天津书面表达)特别提醒access前通常不加冠词，且access短语中的to是介词。夯实基础(1)the new system has been designed to_give_students_quick_and_easy_access_to(让学生便捷、容易地搜索到) the digital resources of the library.(2)翻译句子在过去，妇女没有受教育的权利。women_have_no_access_to_education_in_old_days.3 design n.设计；布局；安排(arrangement)；打算(plan)；意图(intention)；构思；v.设计；构思；计划；制订(make，plan or intend)by designon purpose故意be designed for.为设计be designed to do./as.为某目的或用途而制造或设计the method is specifically designed for use in small groups.这方法是专为小组活动设计的。the experiment is designed to test the new drug.这个实验的目的是想测试这种新药品。夯实基础(1)语法填空do you think the traffic accident was caused by accident or by design?this building is designed for weddings and other celebrations.the new device is designed as an alternative for the old one.(2)the houses designed_for_the_people(为那些人们设计的) in the earthquake have already been completed.4permission n许可ask for permission请求许可without permission未经许可permit sb.to do.允许某人做permit doing sth.允许做某事permit sb.sth.允许某人做某事he entered the room without permission.他未经许可就进入房间。the windows permit light and air to enter.这些窗户采光及通风性能良好。夯实基础用所给动词的适当形式填空(1)he was permitted to_talk(talk) to the prisoner.(2)the guards permitted me to_bring(bring) my camera and tape recorder.(3)we dont permit smoking(smoke) in the office.(4)he asked for permission(permit) to leave the room. 5concentrate (ones mind/attention/thoughts/efforts) on集中注意力于；专注于be concentrated in/on/around.集中在；汇集于focus/fix ones attention on/put ones mind to/put ones heart into/be absorbed in/be lost in专心于he could not concentrate on his lessons.他不能在课堂上集中精力。(2011广东读写任务)we must concentrate our attention on improving education.我们必须致力于改进教育工作。夯实基础(1)语法填空it was up to him to concentrate on his studies and make something of himself.nothing is difficult if you put your heart into it.she is absorbed in music.(2)if you dont understand everything the tape says，just concentrate_on_the_words(集中精力听单词) you can understand.6 average adj.平均的； 普通的(normal)；典型的(typical)；n.平均数；平均水平；v.平均为；计算出的平均数an average of.的平均数up to the average接近一般水准above/below average高于/低于平均水平on (the/an) average平均地；通常；按平均值take the average of those ratios and multiply by a hundred.算出那些比率的平均值再乘以100。american shares rose，on average，by 38%.美国股票价格平均上涨了38%。夯实基础(1)on_(an)_average (平均)we would be spending 300 per day.(2)teachers usually like students，whose school work is above_average (在平均水平以上)1he came_up_with the strange idea that he could do that in another way.2fiona has_gone_down in my estimation since i found her political views.3after the repair of my computer，i can log_on easier than before.4he spent the evening wrapping_up the christmas presents.5the committee consists_of ten members.6plastic bags and boxes are_known_as “white pollution” which has become a serious problem.1be known for.因而出名be known to.为所知(强调对象)be famous for.因而著名be famous as.作为而著名(接职务、身份类名词)hangzhou is known/famous for its beautiful scenery.杭州因其美景而出名。夯实基础(1)it_is_known_to_us_that(众所周知) the city of auckland is known as the city of sails.(2)同义句改写he was known as a writer and was invited to attend the meeting.(用过去分词短语作状语改写句子)known_as_a_writer，he_was_invited_to_attend_the_meeting.(3)翻译句子大多数人都知道他是一名好演员。he_is_known_to_most_people_as_a_good_actor.2come up走近；上来；发生；出现；被提及/讨论；长出地面，发芽；(太阳、月亮)升起；被提出come about发生come across偶然碰到come along跟着；前来；参加come out出版；开花he came up with the idea of the world wide web in 1989 while he was working in switzerland.1989年他在瑞士工作时，提出了万维网的构想。ill let you know if anything comes up.如果发生什么事，我会告诉你的。夯实基础 用come短语的适当形式填空(1)the sky was dark blue when the moon came_up.(2)i came_across an old school friend in oxford street this morning.(3)your most recent book came_out last year.(4)several of the members have come_up_with suggestions of their own.3compare.to.把比作compare.with.把和比较compare notes交换看法without/beyond compare无与伦比；举世无双ive had some difficulties，but they were nothing compared to yours.我遇到了一些困难，但与你的困难比起来就算不了什么了。we carefully compared the first report with the second.我们仔细比较了第一份报告和第二份报告。夯实基础(1)语法填空compared with/to many people，she was indeed very fortunate.the height of the empire building is without/beyond compare.(2)we find michaels new house is like a huge palace，comparing_his_old_one(和那座旧的相比)1if i were you，i would_choose_to_work_in_a_small_town(会选择在在小城镇工作)2i like neither_of (两部都不) the novels.3why_not_come_(为什么不来) over for dinner at my house this weekend?4i would_like_to_live_in (想生活在) a quiet place near the sea.5at last we made_it_possible_for_everyone_present_to_have_a_gift(使每位在场的人有一份礼物成为可能)1bernerslee made it possible for everyone to use the internet，not just universities and the army.,贝尔纳斯李使每个人使用因特网成为了可能，而不仅仅是大学和军队。在此结构中可用作宾补的有名词、代词、形容词、不带to的动词不定式、过去分词、介词短语等。make变为被动语态时，不定式作主语的补足语要带to。it is difficult to make myself understood in english.我很难用英语把自己的想法表达清楚。we were made to work for the boss 16 hours a day.老板让我们一天为他工作16个小时。夯实基础(1)he asked his friend to make_his_computer_repaired(修电脑) as soon as possible.(2)in junior high，he was made to_run(跑) marathon.(3)he didnt make it clear when_and_where_the_meeting_would_be_held(会议在什么地方以及在哪里开)2it would be much better if we spent the time working on a computer.如果我们用些时间在电脑上工作，那效果将会更好。(1)表示与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，if条件句中谓语动词用一般过去时，be一般用were，主句谓语动词用would/should/could/might动词原形。(2)表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，if条件句中谓语动词用过去完成时，主句谓语动词用would/should/could/mighthave done。(3)表示与将来事实相反的虚拟语气，if条件句中谓语动词用should do，were to do或一般过去时，主句谓语动词用would/should/could/might动词原形。if i knew the answers to all the questions，i would be a genius.如果我能回答所有问题的话，我就是天才了。if we hadnt made adequate preparations，the conference wouldnt have been so successful.如果我们没做充分的准备，会议是不会开得这么成功的。if he were here this evening，we would play cards.如果他今晚在这的话，我们就玩牌。夯实基础(1)if you had_taken my advice，you wouldnt_have_failed in the exam.如果你听从了我的建议，你就不会考试不及格。(2)if i were you，i would/should/could/might_accept her invitation.如果我是你的话，我会接受她的邀请。(3)if it were_to_rain/should_rain/rained tomorrow，the sports meeting would_be_put_off.如果明天下雨，运动会就要推迟。(1)there are more_newlybuilt_houses (较多新建的房子) in this village than in that one.(2)many students signed up for the_800metrelong_race (800米赛跑) in the sports meeting to be held next friday.(3)speaking of all the songs he has written，i think this is probably his_bestknown_one (他最出名的一首)(4)italy is a_most_attractive_european_country (一个非常吸引人的欧洲国家) and how i wish i would go there for a_second_time (再一次)(5)at first，it seemed that everything went well，but all_of_a_sudden (突然)，the ship hit_an_iceberg (撞在冰山上).教材活用根据课文内容完成下面的短文in 1969，a network of computers called darpanet 1.was created (create) through the telephone.only the us army could use this system 2.until in 1984 the nsfnet network came into 3.being (be)nsfnet，4.later (late) known as “internet”，made 5.it possible for universities to use the system as well.and thanks 6.to an english scientist，tim bernerslee，it 7.finally (final) became possible for everyone to use the internet.in 1989，while working in switzerland，bernerslee came up with 8.the idea of the world wide web,9.which he invented two years later.he also designed the first “web browser”，a tool for computer users to access documents from other computers.from that time 10.on，the web and the internet grew.now everyone in the world can access the internet.课外拓展阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式after school，linda and james are 1.talking (talk) on their way home.linda：i feel a bit tired after 2.a whole days work.james：3.so do iwhat do you do to relax yourself?linda：i enjoy 4.chatting(chat) online with my friends，going to the movies and doing many other things.james：whats your favorite hobby?linda：i 5.collect stamps.i try my best to get stamps from other countries.what about you?james：i enjoy riding my bike and looking at the scenery along the road.6.it is a fun way to exercise，though cycling is a bit 7.dangerous(danger)i like playing tennis，too.linda：no wonder you are always so 8.energetic(energy)james：yes.if we do exercise every day，we can 9.keep our heart and lungs in good shape.linda：now im putting on weight.10.can you give me some tips on how to keep fit?james：the best way to keep fit is to do some sports.im going cycling now.do you want to go with me?linda：sounds wonderful！lets go to the countryside together.阅读理解atv is not your friend.in fact，according to a new study，its your enemy.researchers have discovered that every hour per day spent watching television increases your chance of dying from heart disease by one fifth.we all know a sedentary lifestyle can lead to disastrous health problems，but this new study shows even the most physically fit are at risk of heart disease when they spend a good amount of time watching tv.“even if someone has a healthy body weight，sitting for long periods of time still has an unhealthy influence on their blood sugar and blood fats，” says professor david dunstan，the studys lead researcher.australian scientists，led by professor dunstan，looked at about 9,000 people over the course of six years，grouping them into categories depending on how much television they watched.the group that watched the most(four or more hours a day) were 80% more likely to develop heart disease and die from it.according to professor dunstan，this has as much to do with the fact that television is the most popular form of leisure as it does that our general lifestyles have changed.“what has happened is that a lot of the normal activities of daily living that involved standing up and moving the muscles in the body have been converted to sitting，” he said.“technological，social，and economic changes mean that people dont move their muscles as much as they used toconsequently the levels of energy expenditure(消耗) as people go about their lives continue to shrink.”so what should you do？get moving！find creative ways to keep mobilebike instead of drive，do chores while watching tv，throw away the remoteand youll give yourself the best chance for a long and healthy life.1from the passage we know that one of the disadvantages of watching tv is that it .ais a waste of timebhas some junk informationcdoes harm to ones healthdpollutes the environment答案c解析细节理解题。根据第一段第三句“研究者发现每天看电视一小时，死于心脏病的几率会增加1/5”可知，看电视对身体有害。2the underlined part “a sedentary lifestyle” in paragraph 2 may mean a style in which one has to spend .aall the time moving repeatedlyba little time sitting downcsome time walking back and forthdquite a long time sitting down答案d解析词义猜测题。根据该段内容和第三段可知，坐的时间太久对身体不好，故画线部分意为“坐的时间太久”。3according to the passage，what should we do in order to live a longer and happier life?asay no to sugar.bwatch our body weight closely.ckeep moving in different ways.drefuse technological，social，and economic changes.答案c解析推理判断题。根据文中所述长时间坐着的坏处可推断，多活动有益健康。4what is the best title for the passage?ahealth and televisionbstep away from televisioncmake good use of televisiondtelevision brings us no leisure答案b解析标题归纳题。从第一段开始，第二段、第三段和第四段都直接谈到长时间看电视有害健康，故本文的主旨是劝导人们远离电视。bif youre making the film with other people，organize your cast and crew effectively.make sure everybody knows their role and what day and times theyre needed.give people specific jobs so they can become experts in their field.for example，a sound recordist listens to the sound through headphones as its being recorded，and holds an extra microphone if needed.a camera operator frames the picture，sets focus，checks the light and records the action.the editor “cuts” the picture together after its shot(拍摄)a producer is the contact point for the film.he or she makes sure crew and cast are there on time，talks to the press and organizes the budget.a director has to make sure their vision is communicated.to do this everyone needs to be clear about what the director expects from each scene and each shot.you may also need a makeupartist，a choreographer，a driver etc.however，you can quite easily make your first film on your own.make a schedule that says which shots are to be taken where and when (this is called a shooting schedule) and when youve completed a take，cross it off the list.remember that you may want to shoot “out of sequence”，e.g. shoot the last scene first，and the first last.similarly if the film begins and ends by a tree in the park，it may make sense to film both scenes while youre there.continuity is particularly important in drama.take a polaroid camera and take photos to capture details.you may need to come back to a scene days later.when you decide your locations，consider whether you need permission to use the space，how noisy it will be and what the light will be like at the time of day you will need to use it.is there power available？are you likely to be interrupted?if youre making animation(动画片) or any computer generated stuff，have a space that you can control.you may need extra lights and you may need to leave work in progress.make sure people living with you are aware whats happening.animation needs a lot of undisturbed concentration and patience.keep at it and itll pay off.aardmann and disney both started off at home experimenting with clay(黏土)，pens and a camera.5from the first two paragraphs we can see .aevery crew member is an expert in his fieldbcareful preparations and arrangement are quite necessarycboth the cast and crew must arrive at the same time every daydevery person should have his equipment while working together答案b解析细节理解题。前两段主要讲述拍摄电影的前期准备工作，包括演员名单、工作人员以及他们需要各负其责，分工协作。6a director knows the purpose of each step of the work，but .ahe neednt tell others about thatbother members just follow his ordersche must have it known and well