【名师导航】中考英语精讲复习 主谓一致（要点提示+专项专练）(1).doc

主谓一致【要点提示】所谓主谓一致，主要是指主语和谓语动词在“人称”和“数”上的一致，其基本原则有三个：语法一致原则、意义一致原则和邻近原则。下面就初中阶段需要掌握的重点内容作一归纳。1. 主语是单数，即使后面跟with， except， as well as等引导的短语，谓语动词仍用单数形式。例如：mr green with two students is standing outside the classroom.2. each以及由every, some, any, no等构成的不定代词在句中作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数形式。例如：each of the children has an apple. everything begins to grow fast in spring.3. 动词不定式（短语）、v-ing形式（短语）等在句中作主语时，谓语动词常用单数形式。例如：to do is much more difficult than to say. climbing hills is his hobby.4. 表示时间、金钱、长度等的短语作主语表示整体时，谓语动词常用单数形式。例如：three years has already passed.5. “one of + 复数名词 / 代词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。例如：one of the students was hurt in the accident.6. family， class， police等集体名词作主语表示整体概念时，谓语动词用单数形式；若表示具体成员时，谓语动词用复数形式。例如：his family is moving next month. his family enjoy watching the football match.但是people一词在表示“人”时，总是表示复数意义，谓语动词用复数形式。例如：look! three american people are playing with the dog.7. 由and连接两个名词作主语时，谓语动词通常用复数形式；但如果表示的是一种事物或一个概念时，谓语动词则用单数形式。例如：his mother and his sister are good at dancing. the teacher and writer is the twins father.8. “some / all / half / most / the rest / 分数等 + of + 名词 / 代词”作主语时，谓语动词的单、复数形式取决于of 后的名词或代词的数。例如：half of the milk was polluted. the rest of the doctors are all from canada.9. what, who 等疑问代词作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数形式。但是，如果说话人确信回答中要用复数主语（尤其是问句中的某些词语表明答句中要用复数主语时），则可用动词的复数形式。例如：whats in the box? who have not received their postcards?10. “. pair(s) / kind(s) / sort(s)等 + of + 名词”作主语时，谓语动词常与pair(s) / kind(s) / sort(s)等保持一致。例如：this kind of book is interesting. these kinds of books are sold well.11. “none / neither / either + of + 复数名词 / 代词”作主语时，谓语动词用单、复数形式均可。例如：neither of them are / is welcome.12. either . or . / neither . nor . / . or . / not only . but also .等连接并列主语时，谓语动词一般和与之靠近的主语在人称和数上保持一致，即采用邻近原则。there be句型中的谓语动词的数也常采用该原则。例如：either you or he has to stay at home. has lucy or you called me?但是both . and .连接并列主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。例如：both he and she are good at english.【专项练习】. 请从各题后所给的a、b、c、d四个选项中选出最佳答案。( )1. do you live alone, mr chen?yes, _ of my children lives with me.a. neitherb. bothc. alld. nothing( )2. to me, fifty yuan _ enough.a. haveb. hasc. isd. are( )3. two thirds of the birds in the forest _ killed by people last year.a. wereb. wasc. has beend. had been( )4. tom with other boys _ to watch the game.a. wantb. wantsc. had wantedd. have wanted( )5. doing eye exercises every day _ good for your eyes.a. areb. isc. hasd. have( )6. his family _ all very kind and friendly.his family_ a happy one. a. are; isb. is; isc. are; ared. is; are ( )7. one of the books _ written by a policeman.a. was b. arec. were d. be( )8. either you or he _ the chance to drive to beijing.a. is b. arec. have d. has( )9. _ this pair of shoes your fathers?no. they _ my brothers.a. are; isb. are; arec. is; ared. is; is( )10. _ someone coming this evening?im not sure.a. was b. isc. ared. were. 下列各句带下划线部分中有一处错误，请找出并改正。1. the number of the students are 50._2. physics seem easy for him. _ 3. are there anything interesting in todays newspaper?_4. most of the water are cl