【聚焦中考】（安徽专用 教师用书）中考英语专题复习 第28讲 动词的语态.doc

第28讲动词的语态【名题实战】1thanks to the internet，different kinds of information _a_ in a short time.(2013，安徽)acan be learned bhas been learnedccan learn dhas learned2the task _b_ in an hour.then we can go home and have a good rest.(2012，安徽)awas finished bwill be finishedchas been finished dcant be finished3dont worry.your package _c_ here until you come back，so enjoy shopping here.(2011，安徽)awill keep bhas keptcwill be kept dhas been kept4these days students in some schools _c_ not to use mobile phones.(2011，芜湖)aask baskedcare asked dwere asked5are you going to the party?no，because i _d_(2010，安徽)ahave asked bhavent askedchave been asked dhavent been asked【考点梳理】近五年来，安徽中考对动词语态的考查主要是不同时态的被动语态和含有情态动词的被动语态。动词的语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。若主语是动作的发出者为主动语态；主语是动作的接受者为被动语态。注：动词中，只有及物动词有被动语态。高频考向一常见时态的被动语态一般现在时：am/is/aredone.如：it is made in china 它是中国制造的。一般过去时：was/weredone.如：the bridge was built in 1980.这座桥建于1980年。一般将来时：willbedone.如：she will be trained by her father.她将受训于她爸爸。情态动词：情态动词bedone.如：work must be done in two days.工作必须在两天之内完成。现在完成时：have/hasbeendone.如：the room has been cleaned.房间已经被打扫干净了。【例1】 at present，one of the best ways to study is working in groups.more chances_to students to learn from each other.aoffer bare offeredchave offered dare offering解析：“机会”和“提供”之间存在被动关系，故用被动语态。答案：_b_【例2】 the chinese writer has got lots of fans in france.his new book_into french as soon as it came out.awas translated btranslatedcis translated dtranslates解析：“他的新书”作主语，应使用被动语态；且从句的动作与主句的动作几乎同时发生，从句为一般过去时，主句也应使用一般过去时。答案：_a_【例3】 in the past few years，thousands of films_all over the world.ahave produced bhave been producedcare producing dare being produced解析：由“in the past few years在过去的几年里”可知要用现在完成时。“films”作主语，须用被动语态。答案：_b_高频考向二语态用法的难点某些动词形式是主动语态，但含有被动的意思。如：this dictionary sells well.这种字典很好销售。the woolen sweater costs $88.这件羊毛衫卖88美元。the car needs repairing.that car needs to be repaired.那辆车需要修理。the soup tastes delicious.这汤尝起来味道很好。主动语态中有些动词，如：make，see，listen，watch，feel后常跟不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语，变为被动语态要带上to。如：he made the boy work for him.the boy was made to work for him.这男孩被迫为他工作。动词短语变成被动短语时，动词短语后面的介词或副词不能省略。如：the baby was looked after by her sister.这婴儿由她姐姐照顾。his plan was laughed at by everyone.他的计划遭到每个人的嘲笑。形容词cheap，comfortable，dangerous，important，interesting，nice等接不定式做状语时，不定式的主动形式表被动意义。如：a bicycle is cheap to run.使用自行车是很经济的。this question is difficult to answer.这个问题很难回答。形容词worth后接动名词时，该动名词的主动形式表被动意义。如：the book is worth reading.这本书值得一读。【例4】 the books_well.asell bsellscis sold dare selling解析：本句中主语the books是复数，sell well意为“畅销”。句意为“这些书很畅销”。答案：_a_【例5】 this pair of shoes_hand，and it _very comfortable.ais made with；is felt bare made from；is feltcare made of；feels dis made by；feels解析：“这双鞋是由手工制成的，它感觉起来很舒服。”主语this pair of shoes是谓语动词动作的承受者，故用被动语态，且主语为第三人称单数，用is made by；feel为连系动词，不能用被动语态。答案：_d_【例6】 if you see the cartoon film，you will_laugh.abe made bbe made tocmade to dmake解析：“如果你看到这部动画电影，你将会被逗笑”可以判断用被动语态。动词make在主动语态中，后面跟不带to的动词不定式作宾补，而变成被动语态时to必须加上。答案：_b_一、单项选择。1he is very surprised that all the houses in the village _d_ white.(2014，广州)apaint bpaintedcare painting dare painted2hurry up！once the concert starts，nobody _c_ to enter the concert hall.(2014，泰安)aallows ballowedcis allowed dis allowing3three bridges _c_ over the river five years ago.(2014，临沂)abuilt bbuildcwere built dare built4tom！i looked for you everywhere at the party last night.oh，i _d_ to the party.(2014，威海)aam invited bwas invitedcam not invited dwasnt invited5people in lanzhou are glad that a modern subway _b_ in several years.(2014，兰州)awill complete bwill be completedchas completed dis completed6i want to know if an english singing competition _b_ next month.(2014，白银)awill hold bwill be heldcholds dis held7jack，your room is dirty.it should _a_ right away.sorry，ill do it right now.(2014，龙东)abe cleaned bbe cleaningccleaned8shenzhou ，chinas fifth manned spacecraft，_b_ into space on june 11，2013.(2014，盐城)ahas sent bwas sentcwill send dis sent9“frog”，mo yans latest novel，please!sorry，it_d_just now，but it will come out again soon.(2013，泰州)asold out bis sold outchas sold out dwas sold out10how often do i need to feed the dog？(2013，黄冈)it _c_ food every day，or it will be hungry.amust give bmust be givecmust be given dmust be gave11the pet dog is warm and loving.it _c_ as a daughter of my family.(2014，河北)atreats btreatedcis treated dwas treated12we are sure that the environment in our city _d_ greatly through our work in the near future.(2014，南京)aimproved bwas improvedchas improved dwill be improved13to my great surprise，the famous athletes story _a_ differently in the newspapers.(2014，杭州)awas reported breportedcwas reporting dreports14i want to borrow the b