【步步高】（新课标）高考英语一轮复习 知识排查突破 book 5 Unit 5 First aid 新人教版.doc

【步步高】（新课标）2016高考英语一轮复习 知识排查突破 book 5 unit 5 first aid 新人教版重点识记词汇1.fall ill 生病2.complex adj.复杂的3squeeze out榨出；挤出 4.in place在适当的位置；适当5a number of若干；许多 6.put ones hands on 找到7over and over again反复；多次 8.pour vt.& vi.倒；灌；注；涌9vital adj.至关重要的；生死攸关的 10.electric shock触电；电休克11barrier n屏障；障碍(物) 12.squeeze vt.& vi.榨；挤；压榨13symptom n症状；征兆 14.ceremony n典礼；仪式；礼节15choke vi.& vt.(使)噎住；(使)窒息 16.essential adj.最重要的；不可缺少的；本质的17swell vi.& vt.(swelled，swollen) (使)膨胀；隆起18aid n& vt.帮助；援助；资助first aid (对伤患者的)急救19mild adj.轻微的；温和的；温柔的mildly adv.轻微地；温和地20infection n传染；传染病；感染infect vt.感染；传染21make a difference 区别对待；有影响；起(重要)作用22injury n损伤；伤害injure v受伤injured adj.受伤的23bleed vi.& vt.(bled，bled)流血blood n血24temporary adj.暂时的；临时的temporarily adv.暂时地；临时地25poison n毒药；毒害 vt.毒害；使中毒poisonous adj.有毒的26variety n变化；多样(化)；多变(性)various adj.各种各样的vary v变化27unbearable adj.难以忍受的；不能容忍的bearable adj.(反义词)可忍受的；支持得住的bear vt.忍受 vi.承受28watery adj.(似)水的water n水 vt.给浇水29tight adj.牢的；紧的；紧密的tightly adv.紧地；牢牢地30firm adj.(动作)稳定有力的；坚定的firmly adv.坚固地；稳定地31bravery n勇敢；勇气brave adj.勇敢的32apply vt.涂；敷；搽；应用；运用 vi.申请；请求；使用；有效applicant n申请人application n申请(书)33pressure n压力；挤压；压迫(感)press v压；按；压迫34treat vt.& vi.治疗；对待；款待 n款待；招待treatment n治疗；疗法；对待必背经典句式1.so as you can imagine，if your skin gets burned it can be very serious.因此你可以想象的到， 如果你的皮肤烧伤了就可能非常严重。2if burns are on arms or legs，keep them higher than the heart，if possible.如果烧伤的部位在臂部或腿部，要尽可能把手臂或腿抬到高于心脏的位置。3.john was studying in his room when he heard screaming.约翰正在房间里做功课，突然听到一声尖叫。必背经典句式4.there is no doubt that johns quick thinking and the first aid skills he learned at school saved ms slades life.毫无疑问，是约翰敏捷的思维和在学校所学的急救技术，挽救了斯莱德女士的生命。5do you think it is worthwhile to take a course in first aid?你认为学习急救知识有价值吗？ 构词记忆edition /idin/ nc版；版本；版次exhibition /eksibin/ nc&u展览；展览会；展览品expectation /ekspektein/ nc&u期待；预期；期望graduation /rdjein/ n1.u毕业2.c&u毕业典礼.词汇与派生a语境填词1when you find someone hurt，you should perform first aid(帮助) as soon as possible.2why do you value money so much? is it essential(最重要的) to happiness?3those blackmailers(勒索者) intended to squeeze(压榨) more money out of the pupil.4the cut on my arm bled(流血) a lot when i was hurt yesterday.5an old woman was found choked(使窒息) to death.6more and more people are riding electric(电的) bikes.7hes complaining of all the usual flu symptoms(征兆)a high temperature，headache and so on.8the biggest problem i have to face is the language barrier(障碍) when i go abroad.9the complex(复杂的) operating systems of computers are difficult for some aged people who lack knowledge about computers.10his rude behaviour is unbearable(难以忍受的) to his classmates，so he makes few friends in his class.11having experienced the terrible earthquake on may 12th,2008，the young boy made a firm(坚定的) decision that he would be a soldier in the future.12the opening ceremony(典礼) of the 2008 olympic games directed by zhang yimou gave a surprise to the whole world which won the admiration of the world.b用所给词的适当形式填空13he was very brave about his operation.his bravery moved us deeply.(brave)14he has been ill for two months.and we are very worried about his illness.(ill)15she committed suicide by taking poison last night after a quarrel with her husband.frequent quarrels are to couples what poisonous snakes are to human lives，which will poison husband and wifes feelings.(poison)16the coffee is very hot.dont burn your mouth，or you will receive serious burns.(burn)17wood often swells when wet and rivers always get swollen with melted snow.(swell)18infected with the disease，many people got frightened by the infection.(infect)19tom received a slight injury while many other people got injured in the accident.(injure)20he treated himself to a long holiday before he received a special treatment for his nose.(treat)21press this button to start the engine，so the pressure of the water turns this wheel.(press)22i dont know why so many applicants have handed in their applications to apply for such an easy job：applying the ointment(药膏) to the wound.(apply)23tom was employed as a temporary worker in a hospital and so he worked temporarily in the first aid centre of the hospital.(temporary).短语运用a用方框内所给动词短语的适当形式填空squeeze out，fall ill，stick.to.，put ones hands on sth.，do damage to，make a difference，apply.to.，present sb.with sth.24it isnt what you have done but what you will do that makes a difference.25my key must be here somewhere，but i cant put my hands on it at the moment.26since he fell ill，his daughter has been acting for him in all his affairs.27this new technology has been applied to agriculture so far.28he stuck a stamp to the envelope and walked out of the room.29he was squeezed out of the job market by young people.30when mr.brown left the firm，the director presented him with a gold watch.31the snow was heavy，doing damage to the fruit trees.b用方框内所给短语填空32she likes everything to be in place before she starts working.33ive warned you over and over again not to do such silly things.34you should learn something about first aid in case you get injured unexpectedly.35step by step he gained the childs confidence and got the whole story from her.经典句式36the children were playing football happily on the playground when it began to rain heavily.孩子们正在操场上高兴地踢足球，这时天开始下起大雨。37its worthwhile taking/to take the trouble to explain a job fully to new employees.给新雇员解释一下工作要求，费点事也是值得的。38i hear bob has been ill in hospital for days.if so，lets go to see him.我听说鲍勃住院几天了。如果这样的话，我们去看看他。39there is some doubt whether we can raise enough money for the project.我们能否为这项工程筹集到足够的资金尚有疑问。40someone is knocking at the door；who can it be?有人在敲门，可能是谁？1 injury n.伤口；伤害；损害injure v.伤害；损害injured adj.受伤的at least the injury gave me time to be with my friends and family.至少伤病让我有时间与我的朋友和家人呆在一起了。词义辨析injure，hurt，harm，wound(1)injure意为“伤害，损害”，一般指由于意外或事故而造成伤害，也表示损害名誉、伤害感情等。(2)hurt意为“疼痛，受伤”，既可以指肉体上的伤害，尤指让身体某一部位受伤；也可以指精神上的伤害，常有强烈的疼痛感。(3)harm意为“伤害”，用于肉体或精神上的伤害，有时也指引起不安或不便。(4)wound意为“受伤，伤口”，通常指武器的伤害，如刀、枪等的伤害，尤其是指战场上的伤害。图解助记夯实基础(1)用injure，hurt，harm，wound的适当形式填空it hurt me to think that he would lie to me.two women have been badly injured in the accident.luckily no one got wounded in the battle.he hurt his back when playing squash(壁球)dont harm your eyes by reading in poor light.(2)用injure的适当形式填空only 38 of the injured remained in hospital.the two other passengers escaped serious injuries.a number of bombs have exploded，seriously injuring at least five people.2 essential adj.必不可少的(necessary)；最重要的(vital)；本质的；基本的(fundamental)；n.必需品；要点，要素；实质be essential to/for对来说是重要的its essential to do/that.是必要的(that从句的谓语用“shoulddo”，should通常省略） 多词一义essential，important，vitalit was absolutely essential to set a realistic goal.把目标制定得现实可行是完全有必要的。the flat contained the basic essentials for daily life.那套公寓配有日常生活的基本必需品。夯实基础(1)it is essential that you (should) win(你赢得) the voters hearts.(2)sun and water are essential to/for(对必不可少) the growth of crops.(3)according to the latest research，getting enough sleep is essential(得到足够的睡眠是必不可少的) to maintaining good health and reducing stress.3 treat n.招待；款待；v.以态度对待；以方式对待(behave towards)；把看作(consider)；治疗；招待；款待；请客应试指导在交际用语中的考查treat sb.as.把某人看作treat sb.to sth.招待某人吃treat sb.with respect/kindness尊敬某人/善待某人my treat.我请客。artie treated most women with impatience.阿蒂对大多数女人都没有耐心。the boy was treated for a minor head wound.那个男孩因头部轻伤接受了治疗。夯实基础(1)语法填空police say theyre treating it as a case of attempted murder.she always treats him to ice cream.weve got to treat people with respect and dignity.(2)if he was treated in a proper way，he was likely to be saved.if treated in a proper way，he was likely to be saved. (改为省略句)treated in a proper way，he was likely to be saved.(用过去分词作状语改写句子)4 apply vt. & vi.涂(put or spread sth. onto a surface)；应用(use)；(对)适用；申请(make a request)；努力学习；涉及(concern，relate)应试指导申请类写作高频词汇apply (to sb.) for sth.(向某人)申请某物apply to适合apply sth.to sth.把某物应用(涂抹)于apply oneself to (be applied to)致力于/集中精力于application n.申请(书)；用途applicant n.申请人apply some medicine to his wound.给他的伤口上点药吧。tom would do very well if only he applied himself.要是专心致志，汤姆会做得很好的。夯实基础(1)用apply的适当形式填空the new technology，if applied to rice growing，will help increase the grain output.his application for membership of the organization was rejected.if the applicant is not a true candidate for the job，do not interview him.(2)if you apply yourself to the job in hand，youll soon finish it.applying yourself to the job in hand，youll soon finish it.(用现在分词短语作状语改写句子)applied to the job in hand，youll soon finish it.(用过去分词短语作状语改写句子)5 make a difference区别对待；有影响；起(重要)作用(have an effect/influence on)make no/little difference to对没有/几乎没有影响make much difference to对有很大影响tell the difference between.and.说出和的不同be of no/little/much/great difference没有/几乎没有/有很大/有巨大作用even if you had tried to help it，it wouldnt have made any difference.即使你曾试图帮忙，结果也不会有什么不同。what you said just now made no difference to him.你刚才说的话对他没有什么影响。夯实基础(1) it makes no difference to me whether he comes here or not.他来与不来这里对我来说关系不大。(2)can you tell the difference between the two words?你能区别这两个单词吗？6 get done被应试指导get后跟非谓语动词的考查get paid得到报酬get married结婚get injured/hurt受伤 get burned烧伤get infected感染 get separated分离get damaged毁掉 get broken坏掉get repaired修理 get dressed穿上衣服get changed换衣服 get drunk喝醉she got burned when she was cooking yesterday.她昨天做饭时被烫伤了。he went out and got drunk.他出去喝醉了。特别提醒get done结构既可以表示被动语态，也可表示系表结构。夯实基础用getv.ed完成句子(1)if you happen to get lost(迷路) in the wild，youd better stay where you are and wait for help.(2)they got punished(受到处罚) by the teacher.(3)you can have a pet dog，but suppose you get bored(变得厌倦) with it in a few days.then what?we wont，we promise!1remove clothing using scissors if necessary unless it is stuck to the burn.除非衣服粘贴在烧伤面上，否则都要把它脱掉。如果需要的话，可以使用剪刀。(1)unless“除非；如果不”，引导一个肯定的条件状语从句，从句有时可与if.not引导的否定状语从句互换。(2)unless引导的条件状语从句常用一般现在时表示将来意义，主句多用一般将来时。(3)在unless引导的条件状语从句中，主语和部分谓语有时可以省略。unless you are trying to lose weight to please yourself，its going to be hard to keep your motivation level high.除非减肥是为了悦己，否则很难保持积极性。we cannot understand disease unless we understand the person who has the disease.若不了解患者我们就不能了解疾病。夯实基础(1)i want you to keep working unless i tell you to stop.i want you to keep working if i dont tell you to stop.(用if从句改写句子)(2)要是不能额外弄一些钱，剧院将要关闭。(翻译句子)unless some extra money is found，the theatre will close.(3)you will never gain success unless you are fully devoted to your work(除非你全身心地投入到你的工作中)2john was studying in his room when he heard screaming.约翰正在房间里学习，突然听到一声尖叫。be doing.when.正在做这时be about to do.when.正要做此时had just done.when.刚做了这时be on the point of doing.when.正要做这时the thief was on the point of putting his hand into the ladys handbag when the bus suddenly stopped.小偷正要把手伸进那位女士的手提袋中，这时公共汽车突然停了。夯实基础语法填空(1)we were swimming in the lake when suddenly the storm started.(2)she had just finished(finish) her homework when her mother asked her to practise playing the piano yesterday.3单元语法用省略形式完成下列句子(1)jack loves nature more than his wife loves nature.jack loves nature more than his wife does.(2)max phoned his mother and oscar phoned maxs mother too.max phoned his mother and oscar did too.(3)if its convenient，you can come here at any time.if convenient，you can come here at any time.(4)though he was tired，he still gave the students a lecture.though tired，he still gave the students a lecture.(5)when i was walking in the street，i came across an old friend of mine.when walking in the street，i came across an old friend of mine.高考题组.短文改错2009宁夏(海南)dear mrs.winthorp，so my first week at college is over！no lectures this morning so i think id email you and let you know what things are going.im glad to say that anything has worked out fine in the dorm.i remember asking for a room as far away from the lifts as possible and they find me a comfortable one on second floor.there are two girls from my course here and i plan to make friend with them so that we can help each other on the course work.everyone else seems very nice and warmly here.well，i had better to stop now.im going to attend mine first lesson this afternoon，for ive got some preparation to make.keep in touch.best，carol答案dear mrs.winthorp，so my first week at college is over！no lectures this morning so i think id email you and let you know things are going.im glad to say that has worked out fine in the dorm.i remember asking for a room as far away from the lifts as possible and they me a comfortable one on second floor.there are two girls from my course here and i plan to make with them so that we can help each other the course work.everyone else seems very nice and here.well，i had better to stop now.im going to attend first lesson this afternoon， ive got some preparation to make.keep in touch.best，carol.写作常用句翻译1首先我把散落在房间里的所有书籍、报纸和其他东西收集起来并把它们放在合适的位置。(in place)(2013陕西书面表达)firstly i collected all the books，newspapers and other things scattered in the rooms and put them in place.2因此，我坚信我们的未来掌握在我们自己手里。(firmly)(2012浙江书面表达)therefore，i firmly believe that our future is in our own hands.3因此，为了提高人们保护北极熊的意识，我真诚地申请担任北极熊代言人。(apply)(2011重庆书面表达)so，in order to increase peoples awareness of protecting polar bears，i apply for the spokesman for polar bears sincerely.4原因常常是来自父母的压力使他们几乎没有时间参加其他的活动。(pressure)(2011陕西书面表达)the reason is often that the pressure from their parents allows them almost no time for other activities.模拟题组.语法填空1the train accident resulted in heavy casualties，with more than fifty people seriously injured(injure)2the heavy rain poured down，flooding(flood) the whole village soon.3now a lot of new technologies can be applied to solving(solve) problems in industry.4every individuals effort will make a difference to environment protection.5i have a tight budget for the trip，so im not going to fly unless the airlines lower ticket prices.6she opened her eyes with a start and was about to cry out when she heard her father urgently telling her to keep quiet.7the global warming，if not properly controlled(control)，might lead to more natural disasters.8if you go to jiuzhaigou valley today，you will find it more attractive than commonly supposed(suppose)9interest is as vital to learning as the ability to understand，even more so.10mum，i was wondering if you could lend me a few dollars until i get paid(pay) on friday.单句改错1he had previously aided him money and legal advice.him后加上with2what i have said applies only some of you.only后加上to3dont take anything away.father likes everything to be in the place.去掉the4tom honored for his bravery after what he had done for others the other day.tom后加上was5i dont know what to do，because a number of problems have been arisen.去掉been6though i told him over and over again to be careful when driven, he wouldnt listen.drivendriving7thanks to your aid，i tried to run the company.triedmanaged8tom had been working a couple of weeks while he received a letter from his girlfriend, mary.whilewhen9so you have met maria?yes，it was last week that we attended jacks party.thatwhen10much damage has done to the car；youd better get it repaired.has后加上been.写作句式升级训练in short，the inclusion not only has poisoned chinese，it may also bring about distance between the chinese people.(素材来源于2014江苏书面表达)shortly speaking，not only has the inclusion poisoned chinese，it may also bring about distance between the chinese people.(用倒装句及相关高级词汇改写句子).阅读理解anext time you fly，heres the perfect excuse to switch off your work computer，put down the crossword and settle down with a drink and a movie.travelling by plane can make it more difficult to think.professor david gradwell advises fliers to sit back and relax rather than keeping busy by doing puzzles or important work.this is because the air pressure on planes is lower than it is at sea level，making it harder for the brain to make use of oxygen in the air，thus affecting its performance.typically，when a plane is cruising at 40,000ft，the air pressure in the cabin will be equal to that found outside at 6,000 to 8,000ft.learning can be damaged at 8,000ft，so you dont want to make the biggest decision of your life on planes.however，if you are practiced in a task，it is unlikely your performance will be affected.if you regularly do a crossword，you are going to be fine.but if it is something that is new to you，you are probably not going to do it well.this explains why commercial pilots thinking is not impaired.professor gradwell said his advice could become even more important if internet access becomes widespread on planes，meaning businessmen and businesswomen are more likely to use flying time to work.“those looking forward to having emails in flight might want to think twice about sending that email to the manager，” he said.the condition，called “economy class syndrome(经济舱综合症)”，has caused anxiety among holidaymakers，business people and frequent fliers.but mr.gradwell said it is extremely rare，other than in those who have latestage cancer or another medical condition that causes blood clots(凝血块)flying is safe.millions of people do it every year，without any issues at all.1according to the passage，while on a plane， .athe brains performance has nothing to do with the a