高考英语 30分钟专题突破精讲 议论文体完形填空.doc

2014高考英语30分钟专题突破精讲：议论文体完形填空议论文体完形填空文体特点与方法点拨一、文体特点1议论文是一种剖析事物、论述事理、发表见解或提出主张的说理性文章。议论文的目的不仅是客观的解释事物，还力图说服读者相信并接受某一观点。 2议论文都是由论点、论据和论证这三个要素构成的，这也是一个“提出问题分析问题解决问题”的过程。因此，典型的议论文一般就由序论(提出问题，即what)、本论(分析问题，即why)和结论(解决问题，即how)三个部分构成。3议论文的语言自然客观，概括性强，比较抽象。同时，它的语言也很准确，合乎逻辑。文中会较多地使用有辩论和推理含义的连接和过渡词语与结构，以增强语言的准确性和逻辑性。4作者的写作态度一般也较诚恳，在文章中通常使用的是与读者平等交流的语气，不会给人以居高临下、逼人接受的感觉，在遣词造句方面多使用虚拟语气、让步状语从句和can, may, might, could, would, should等情态动词。二、方法点拨1把握首句，这样就可以迅速找到文章所要论证的观点，进而理解全文的主旨大意。英语议论文中绝大部分首句就是全文的论点，而且通常每段的首句就是主题句(topic sentence)。因此抓住每段的首句是非常重要的。2理清文章的论点、论据和结论。体会作者谋篇布局的方法，了解各个段落的功能，感受作者论证的过程，理顺文章的各部分，直到条理清楚为止，然后再根据自己对文章的把握及各部分的逻辑关系选出答案。3把握作者的观点和态度。议论文往往体现作者对某一事物的观点，而作者的观点就是文章的论点。考生要把握作者的观点，把握作者对某一事物是褒还是贬，是赞成还是反对，而通常把握了作者的观点也就找准了文章的论点。考题例析与模板应用高考示例the concept of solitude (独处) in the digital world is almost nonexistent.in the world of digital technology, email, social networking and online video games, information is meant to be _36_.solitude can be hard to discover _37_ it has been given up. in this respect, new technologies have _38_ our culture.the desire to be connected has brought solitude to a(n) _39_ as weve known it.people have become so _40_ in the world of networks and connections that one can often be contacted _41_ theyd rather not be.today we can talk, text, email, chat and blog (写博客), not only from our _42_， but from our mobile phones as well.most developed nations have become _43_ on digital technology simply because theyve grown accustomed to it, and at this point not _44_ it would make them an outsider._45_， many jobs and careers require people to be _46_.from this point of view, technology has changed the culture of work.being reachable might feel like a _47_ to those who may not want to be able to be contacted at all times.i suppose the positive side is that solitude is still possible for anyone who _48_ wants it.computers can be shut _49_ and mobile phones can be turned off.the ability to be “connected” and “on” has many _50_， as well as disadvantages.travelers have ended up _51_ on mountains, and mobile phones have saved countless lives.they can also make people feel _52_ and forced to answer unwanted calls or _53_ to unwanted texts.attitudes towards our connectedness as a society _54_ across generations.some find todays technology a gift.others consider it a curse.regardless of anyones view on the subject, its hard to imagine what life would be like _55_ daily advancements in technology.,36.a.updatedbreceivedcshared dcollected37a.though buntilconce dbefore38a.respected bshapedcignored dpreserved39a.edge bstagecend dbalance40a.sensitive bintelligentcconsiderate dreachable41a.even if bonly ifcas if dif only42a.media bcomputerscdatabases dmonitors43a.bent bhardckeen ddependent44a.finding busingcprotecting dchanging45a.also binsteadcotherwise dsomehow46a.connected btrainedcrecommended dinterested47a.pleasure bbenefitcburden ddisappointment48a.slightly bhardlycmerely dreally49a.out bdowncup din50a.aspects bweaknessescadvantages dexceptions51a.hidden blostcrelaxed ddeserted52a.trapped bexcitedcconfused damused 53.a.turn bsubmitcobject dreply 54.a.vary barisecspread dexist 55.a.beyond bwithincdespite dwithout一、读懂文章是解题的关键(如何读)1速读文章，了解文章大意whats the passage mainly about?with_the_development_of_digital_technology,_the_concept_of_solitude_is_disappearing._people_are_connected_with_each_other_by_means_of_computers_or_mobile_phones._although_people_have_different_attitudes_towards_the_change,_the_advance_of_technology_does_make_a_difference_to_the_world.2精读文章，理清细枝末节(完成下面框图)二、套用模板快速准确解题(如何做)题号定考向听课记录用方法思路分析答案36考查动词词义辨析及上下文语义理解代入法根据前面提到独处的概念几乎是不存在的，可知信息是被共享的。c37考查句际关系逻辑关系根据上下文语境可推知独处一旦被放弃就很难发现。c38考查动词词义辨析及上下文语义理解逻辑关系承接前句而来，再由第三段中. technology has changed the culture of work.，构成前后照应。b39考查固定搭配固定结构照应法bring . to an end“使结束”，为固定搭配。c40考查形容词词义辨析及上下文语义理解原词复现照应法根据后半句. connections that one can often be contacted .及第三段being reachable .前后照应，其中reachable为原词复现。d41考查句际关系及连词词义辨析逻辑关系或代入法根据语境可知此处为even if引导的让步状语从句。a42考查名词词义辨析及上下文语义理解代入法根据常识及上文中的network可知，talk, text, email, chat and blog等应与电脑有关，后文也提到还有手机。b43考查上下文语义理解代入法根据空格后说他们已经习惯于使用数字技术可知发达国家依赖于它。d44考查动词词义辨析及上下文语义理解照应法或逻辑关系承接前句而来，根据空格前他们已经习惯于使用数字技术并依赖于它，因此不用就会out，前后照应。b45考查句际关系及副词词义辨析逻辑关系承接上句而来，表示进一步陈述人们与新技术的联系。 a46考查上下文语义理解原词及近义词复现照应法根据上下文多次提到connect和contact可知。a47考查名词词义辨析及上下文语义理解 照应法根据空格后半句may not want to be able to be contacted at all times可知经常被联系是一种负担。c48考查副词词义辨析及上下文语义理解代入法根据空格前提到的still possible便可推知。d49考查动词短语词义辨析及上下文语义理解近义词复现照应法承接上句而来，根据语境及空格后同义短语turn off便可推知。b50考查名词词义辨析及上下文语义理解 反义词复现照应法根据空格后disadvantages可推知。c51考查上下文语义理解代入法根据空格后半句mobile phones have saved countless li