高考英语 回扣作文与完形填空（17）.doc

2014高考英语回扣作文与完形填空（17）及答案 高考英语：高考书面表达拿高分要领近年来,高考书面表达在语言的运用以及答题规范化等方面对考生提出了更高的要求,一篇语言平淡、答题不够规范的书面表达作品,很难在考试中取得较高档次的分数.这一点我们高二学生也应早些做些相应的训练,掌握一些技巧,为一年后的高考做好准备.让我们结合高考新的要求以及2003年高考试题分析,谈一谈书面表达拿高分应掌握的一些要领.一、试题原题假设你是李华,你的英国笔友bob将于九月到你所在城市的建新华文学校学中文,来信请你在学校附近为他找一套住房.请根据图画提供的信息,写信介绍住房的情况,并告知住房面积为25平方米,月租500元. (图略)注意:1.词数:100左右;2.参考词汇:房租rent(n.).dear bob,_ _ yours,li hua二、试题分析及答题要领2003年高考书面表达题在试题设计上命题者可谓匠心独具.试题所提供素材为一篇图画,其形式为书信,体裁为说明文,要求以书信的形式将图画所提供的信息表达出来.该题综合能力强,集看图、书信、说明为一体,既考查考生的看图说话能力,又考查考生的书信及说明文的写作能力.为了达到试题要求,实现预期的写作目的,答题时应做到:1.审题要认真审题是下笔写作之前的重要步骤.应根据汉语提示及图中所给信息,弄清题意,明确要求,以满足高考切中题意这一要求.1)审题材,把握所提供的信息,以防遗漏要点.今年的书面表达题材为一篇图画,属看图作文题.在题型的设计上,看图作文通常是以文字(中文或英文)和图画两种形式作为提示的.审题时不仅要审文,还要审图.另外,要善于观察,充分领会图画的设计意图,把握图画表达的主题,并通过分析、思考、合理想象,将图意清楚地表达出来.2)审体裁,以满足文体的写作要求.该题体裁为说明文,将公寓及公寓与学校的位置关系介绍给笔友bob.写作时应按照说明文的要求来写,表达时要求条理清楚,语言准确、通顺.另外,应注意说明的顺序和方法.3)审格式,写好开头及结尾.该题要求用书信的形式将图画所提供的信息表达清楚.呼语及结尾客套语等格式已给出,应重点把握好两头(开场及结束语),开头应开门见山,将写信的目的交待清楚.结尾应简短有力,紧扣主题,做到首尾呼应.2.内容要完整内容要点是否齐全是高考评分时确定一篇书面表达档次的重要标准.通过认真审题,仔细读图,确定该文要点如下:1)开头(表达能与笔友见面的兴奋之情);2)公寓的面积(25平方米)及房间的分布(包括卧室、浴室和厨房);3)卧室摆设情况(包括床、沙发、书桌和椅子等);4)月租(500元);5)公寓的位置以及与建新华文学校的位置关系(芳草街,距学校一站地);6)结尾(询问对方对公寓的看法,并希望得到答复).3.语言要简练、得体一般来说,高考对书面表达的词数都有明确具体的要求,本文要求词数在100左右.内容要合乎英语习惯.如写本文开头时,应符合英文书信的要求.试比较:原句:im so glad to have received your letter. in your letter you said you would come to china to study chinese in september. i know that you wanted to rent a flat and ive found one for you. i wonder whether you would like it.(45个词)修正:im very glad to learn that youre coming in september. ive found a flat for you.(16个词)分析:英文书信讲究开门见山,直截了当.原句虽没有语言错误,但显得很啰嗦.如果用这样的冗言赘句来表达,很难在规定的字数范围内将短文的全部要点写完;修正句为高考所提供范文的开场语,仅仅16字,简洁、明了且合乎英文书信习惯.4.表达方式要灵活多样内容要点的表达要灵活,在组织语言材料及选择句式上可以采用不同的方式,切忌用词重复,句式单一.内容要点、词汇应用和语法结构的数量和准确性是高考评分时的主要采分点.因此,在有把握的情况下,使用一些高级词汇和较为复杂的句式,无疑会增强表达效果.试比较在表达公寓的位置(要点4)时,不同的表达法产生的不同表达效果:原句:the flat is in a tall building on fangcao street. it is not far from jianxin chinese school. bus no. 11 will take you straight to the school. its only one stop away.(四个短句)修正:the flat is on the third floor of a tall building on fangcao street, which is not far from jianxin chinese school, and bus no. 11 will take you straight to the school. in fact, its only one stop away.分析:从语法以及用词上看,原句无可挑剔,但句子长度大体相同,而且都是短句,读起来平淡无味.修正句分别使用了所学的定语从句及并列句将简单句合并,而结尾过渡词语in fact的妙用,可谓点睛之笔.与前文相比,读起来感觉大不相同了.5.过渡要自然、连贯语言的连贯性是从语言的组织及衔接上对语言的运用提出的较高的要求.为了达到这一要求,写作时应合理、有效地使用各种连接或过渡性词语,使整篇文章前后连贯、过渡自然;结构紧凑、逻辑性强.下面的句子引自2002年高考书面表达题所提供的参考答案,注意文中的连接及过渡.charging entrance fees will no doubt keep some people away. what is more, it will become necessary to build gates and walls, which will do harm to the appearance of a city. on the other hand, 40% think that.6.检查修改要到位检查修改是书面表达解题过程中必不可少的一个重要环节.检查修改的原则是大处着眼,小处着手.具体应从词法、句法、语篇三个方面入手仔细检查并进行认真修改:1)从词法角度入手.主要检查词汇的运用是否妥当;拼写是否有误;名词、代词的数和格是否正确;词性是否混淆;词与词之间是否搭配不当;用词是否重复等.2)从句法角度入手.主要检查句子结构是否完整;动词时态、语态是否正确;主谓是否一致等.3)从语篇角度入手.主要检查文体格式是否正确;词数是否符合要求;要点是否齐全;上下文是否连贯、符合逻辑等.注意:检查、修改整个过程应在草拟稿上完成.答题时,切忌在答好的试卷上乱涂乱改.这样做会影响卷面整洁,因此而失分.7.书写要规范高考书面表达对答卷的书写问题有明确具体的要求.整洁干净的卷面,规范、美观的字体会给阅卷者好的印象,可以得到印象分.因此,在考试中同学们应将单词写好,千万不能因为书写问题影响自己的得分.建议答题时先打好草稿,然后将所写短文工整、清楚地抄在试卷上.第二节：完形填空(共20小题：每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(a、b、c和d)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。(2012朝阳期末统考)it has been difficult to sit on the bench most of the time, watching my team from the sideline. i always_36_why i am not good enough to be on the floor.after endless hours of work and devotion，_37_myself through drill after drill, the last thing i want is to be a cheerleader.the feeling of being_38_is sometimes too much and drives me to_39_on the spot.i often feel as though my _40_are wasted and my time is eaten away, devoted to_41_. it is heartbreaking to be a spectator (旁观者) for the game i love, knowing that no one has enough faith to give me the chance to_42_on the floor.tears well up, but i_43_them back.i shouldnt be so_44_over something so silly.away from the game, its easier to put my thoughts together, rather than letting my_45_drive my reasoning.i consider_46_i am where i am.i have played basketball my whole life.i have a strong _47_for the sport and always have.there is nothing like the_48_of playing: the swish (飕飕声) of the net, the sweat rolling off my cheeks, even the bruises (青肿) are battle wounds worn_49_after every game.even if i don t play much, i participate in every game.i am part of a team of girls who_50_together like a family.i am there for them，_51_they are for me.should i move on? or should i stay with my team and continue playing basketball_52_great passion just a little longer? the_53_isnt difficult when i consider the joy that being a part of a team _54_meand not just any team, but my team.i love basketball and my teammates.when i think about that, my_55_from the bench really isnt so bad after all.文章大意：虽然我一直训练很刻苦，对于篮球投入了很多时间和精力，但是我一直在做冷板凳，这让我感到很不满。我是该离开赛场，还是继续做冷板凳。最终，我选择了后者。36a.wonderbpromisecaccept drealize37a.following bsupportingcdiscovering dpushing38a.careless bworthlesscselfless dhomeless39a.quit bstaycstruggle ddelay40a.beliefs bchancescefforts dexperiences41a.something bnothingcanything deverything42a.perform brespondcidentify dsurvive43a.call bgivectake dhold44a.upset bnervouscscared damazed45a.hardships bpossessionscfeelings dachievements46a.that bwhycwhen dwhether47a.imagination badmissionccaution dpassion48a.encouragement bembarrassmentcexcitement ddisappointment49a.bravely bproudlycregretfully dpainfully50a.fix baddcargue dstick51a.as bifcfor dthough52a.through bovercwith dfrom53a.conflict bpatiencecchallenge ddecision54a.cheats bbringscurges dcontrols55a.request bintentioncview dambition36答案：a我一直“想弄明白”为什么我不能上场。wonder“想知道”。37答案：d经过了无数工作和投入，“督促”自己不停地训练，我最不愿意做的就是坐冷板凳。push“督促，激励”。38答案：b“毫无价值”的感觉有时让人受不了，我有时不得不“退场”。worthless“毫无价值的”；careless“粗心的”；selfless“无私的”；homeless“无家可归的”。39答案：