高考英语 阅读理解精英训练题（13）.doc

2014高考英语阅读理解精英训练题（13）及答案 阅读下列材料，从每题所给的四个选项（a、b、c和d）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。aany foreigner who has tried to learn chinese can tell how hard it is to master the tones required to speak and understand. and anyone who has tried to learn to play the violin or other instruments can report similar challenges.now researchers have found that people with musical training have an easier time learning chinese. writing in the online edition of nature neuroscience，researchers from northwestern university say that both skills draw on the same parts of the brain that help people discover changes in pitch(音调)one of the studys authors，nina kraus，said the findings suggested that studying music “actually tunes our sensory system”this means that schools that want children to do well in languages should hesitate before cutting music programs，dr.kraus said. she said music training might also help children with language problems.mandarin(普通话)speakers have been shown to have a more complex encoding(编码) of pitch patterns in their brains than english speakers do. this is because in mandarin and other asian languages，pitch plays a central role. a singlesyllable word can have several meanings depending on how it is intoned.for this study，the researchers looked at 20 nonchinese speaking volunteers，half with no musical background and half who have studied an instrument for at least six years.as they were shown a movie，the volunteers also heard an audio tape of the mandarin word “mi” in three of its meanings：squint，bewilder and rice. the researchers recorded activities in their brain stems to see how well they were processing the sounds. those with a music background showed much more brain activities in response to the chinese sounds.the lead author of the study，patrick cm.wong，said it might work both ways. it appears that native speakers of tonal languages may do better at learning instruments.1. when learning chinese，a foreigner will find _.ahe has a difficult time learning music at the same timebhe has an easier time learning music at the same timecit is hard to master the tones required to speak and understanddit is easy to use the brain to help him discover changes in pitch2. why does chinese learning have something to do with music training?abecause there is the same difficulty in learning chinese and music.bbecause skills to learn the two make use of the same parts of the brain.cbecause music training might help people with language study.dbecause people who do well in chinese study do well in music.3. the underlined word “intoned” in the fourth paragraph can be replaced by the word “_”acreated bspelled cseemed dpronounced4. what would be the best title for this passage?amandarin speakers are smarter than english speakersbskilled ear for music may help language studycpitch plays a central role in chinese learningdschools need to develop music programs参考答案 14、cbdb 第三部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(a、b、c、d)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。a(2012沈阳四校协作体月考)im a volunteer for the american diabetes (糖尿病) association(ada). i am on the planning committee for a oneday cycling event called “tour de cure”. its sponsored by the ada and the profits(利润) of this event are used for diabetes research and program funding.while i was talking to people about our “tour de cure” event in downtown denver one day, i met a young boy wearing a red hat from oklahoma named jack. i think he was 1011 years old. it was the jar of red rubber wrist bands (the american diabetes association diabetes awareness wrist bands) that caught jacks eye. these are the bands we give out to people who have diabetes, who have a family member who has diabetes or to those people who know someone who has diabetes.people wear these for a variety of reasons: in memory of a loved one, to promote diabetes awareness and to show support for people who have diabetes. jack walked towards me eyeing the jar and then he said, “can i have one of those？” so, i replied to jack, “do you have someone in your family who has diabetes？” jack said, “no, but i know someone who has diabetes.” so i gave him one to wear for his friend.then, jack began looking at our “tour de cure” photo album. when jack had finished and was about to go, he looked up at me and said, “would you take a donation？” i was surprised to hear this from a 1011yearold boy, but i said, “yes.” i took the lid of our donation container off as jack was reaching into his pocket. his hand came out clinched around the donation he was about to make. it was my impression that what he had in his hand was everything he had in his pocket, as he did not count it. after jack dropped his donation into the container, i gave him a highfive, as i so often do to acknowledge an accomplishment or an appreciation. i also gave him a handshake before he parted. after jack left, i counted his gift$3.00. i then realized that he gave all he had, without counting the cost.the heart of a child made me smile that day. thank you, jack.文章大意：我在为美国糖尿病协会作志愿者时，一个名叫杰克的小孩的善心捐赠深深感动了我。56what attracted jack to walk towards the author?a. the jarb. the hatc. the photo albumd. the donation container57it was probable that jack wore a wrist band to_.a. prove his confidence in fighting diabetesb. promote his strong diabetes awarenessc. express his love for his family membersd. support his friend who has diabetes58that jack wanted to make a donation surprised the author because the author thought_.a. jack was telling a lie to himb. jack was playing a joke on himc. jack was brave enough to do sod. jack was a great person for his age59what would be the best title of the passage?a. a lovely boy i metb. the heart of a childc. a moving day i spentd. the donation of a child56答案：a细节理解题。由第二段第三句话“it was the jar of red rubber wrist bands (the american diabetes association diabetes awareness wrist bands) that caught jacks eye.”可知。57答案：d细节理解题。由第三段最后两句话可知，杰克是为了朋友。58答案：d推理判断题。由第四段可知，杰克提出要募捐，这让我很惊讶，因为他只是一个小孩子，能这么做，他一定是品质高尚。59答案：b主旨大意题。由文章大意可知，本文讲述了一个名叫杰克的孩子的善心，所以b项正确。*结束 (2012太原调研)bake sugar cookiesnobody is actually sure who created the very first cookie.but the first cookie may have been a mistake.many cooking experts believe that a long time ago cooks who wanted to test the temperature of their ovens would bake a little bit to find out if the oven was hot enough to bake an entire cake.thesetest cakes were called “keokje”， which means “little cake” in the language used in the netherlands.people from the netherlands brought the recipe to the united states.the word “cookie” may have come from their word “keokje”，cookies are also very popular in england, but the english call them “biscuits”， as do australians.almost every country has a word for cookie.in spain, they are called “galletas”， and in italy, cookies are called “biscotti”americans are not the only people who enjoy cookies.you can make cookies following these steps：preheat oven to 150 .put a little butter on a cookie sheet.mix together white sugar, brown sugar, butter and eggs.then add vanilla(香草)add flour, salt, baking soda, and baking powder.then mix well.drop by spoonfuls onto the cookie sheet.bake at 150 for 12 minutes or until lightly brown.文章大意：小甜饼在很多国家很受欢迎，它是怎么制作的，又是从哪里起源的呢？文章进行了详尽的叙述。60in which country were the test cakes first made?a.spain. b.australia.c.the netherlands. d.the united states.61what is the first step to bake cookies?a.heat oven to 150 bmix the butter and the sugar.c.test the temperature of the oven. d.brush the cookies with some oil.62if the cookies look lightly brown, what does this mean?a.they have burned. bthey are done.c.they have become soft. d.they need to cook again.60答案：c细节理解题。由第一段后三句话可知，荷兰是最早制作这些小饼的国家。61答案：a细节理解题。由最后“preheat oven to 150 .”可知，制作小甜饼的第一步是把烤炉预热到150度。62答案：b推理判断题。由文章最后一句话“bake at 150 for 12 minutes or until lightly brown.”可知，当小饼看上去稍微有点棕色时，小饼就熟了。4.（2011安徽卷）bthink about the different ways that people use the wind. you can use it to fly a kite or to sail a boat. wind is one of our cleanest and richest power sources（来源）, as well as one of the oldest. evidence shows that windmills（风车）began to be used in ancient iran back in the seventh century bc. they were first introduced to europe during the 1100s, when armies returned from the middle east with knowledge of using wind power.for many centuries, people used windmills to grind（磨碎）wheat into flour or pump water from deep underground. when electricity was discovered in the late 1800s, people living in remote areas began to use them to produce electricity. this allowed them to have electric lights and radio. however, by the 1940s, when electricity was available to people in almost all areas of the united states, windmills were rarely used.during the 1970s, people started becoming concerned about the pollution that is created when coal and gas are burned to produce electricity. people also realized that the supply of coal and gas would not last forever. then, wind was rediscovered, though it means higher costs. today, there is a global movement to supply more and more of our electricity through the use of wind.【文章大意】本文介绍了风能及风能运用的情况。在能源短缺的今天，作为最为洁净、丰富的风能，一定会对我们的生活作出极大的贡献。60. from the text we know that windmills .a. were invented by european armiesb. have a history of more than 2800 yearsc. used to supply power to radio in remote areasd. have rarely been used since electricity was discovered【解析】选c。细节理解题。根据第二段句子可知，十九世纪末有了电之后，偏僻地区的人们就利用风车发电，于是人们就有了电灯和收音机，因此选择c项。根据windmills began to be used in ancient iran back in the seventh century bc可知，a项错误，b项错在more than；根据末段句子可知，尽管成本较高，人们依然使用风能提供电力，因此d项错误。61. what was a new use for wind power in the late l9th century?a. sailing a boat. b. producing electricity.c. grinding wheat into flour.d. pumping water from underground.【解析】选b。细节理解题。根据第二段句子可知，人们最初利用风车磨面或抽水，十九世纪末有了电之后，人们又用其发电，因此选择b项。62. one of the reasons wind was rediscovered in the 1970s is that .a. wind power is cleanerb. it is one of the oldest power sourcesc. it was cheaper to create energy from wind d. the supply of coal and gas failed to meet needs【解析】选a。推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，二十世纪七十年代，人们注重环保，而且认识到煤和气的短缺；而风能的特点是洁净、丰富和历史悠久，但是成本较高。综合选择a项最佳。63. what would the author probably discuss in the paragraph that follows?a. the advantage of wind power.b. the design of wind power plants.c. the worldwide movement to save energy.d. the global trend towards producing power from wind.【解析】选d。推理判断题。根据末段句子today, there is a global movement to supply more and more of our electricity through the use of wind可知，接下来作者应该谈论利用风能发电的情况，因此选择d项。today, theres hardly an aspect of our life that isnt being upended by the tons of information available on the hundreds of millions of sites crowding the internet, not to mention its ability to keep us in constant touch with each other via electronic mail. “if the automobile and aerospace technology had exploded at the same pace as computer and information technology,” says microsoft, “a new car would cost about $ 2 and go 600 miles on a small quantity of gas. and you could buy a boeing 747 for the cost of a pizza.”probably the biggest payoff, however, is the billions of dollars the internet is saving companies in producing goods and serving for the needs of their customers. nothing like it has been seen since the beginning of the industrial revolution, when power-driven machines began producing more in a day than men could turn out in nearly a year. “we view the growth of the internet and e-commerce as a global trend,” says merrill lynch, “along the lines of printing press, the telephone, the computer, and electricity.”you would be hard pressed to name something that isnt available on the internet. consider: books, health care, movie tickets, construction materials, baby clothes, stocks, cattle feed, music, electronics, antiques, tools, real estate, toys, autographs of famous people, wine and airline tickets. and even after youve moved on to your final resting place, theres no reason those you love cant keep in touch. a company called finalt offers a place for you to store “afterlife e-mails” you can send to heaven with the help of a “guardian angel”.kids today are so computer literate that it in fact ensures the united states will remain the unchallenged leader in cyberspace for the foreseeable future. nearly all children in families with incomes of more than $75,000 a year have home computers, according to a study by the david and lucile packard foundation. youngsters from ages 2 to 17 at all income levels have computers, with 52% of those connected to the internet. most kids use computers to play games (some for 30 hours or more a week), and many teenage girls think nothing of rushing home from school to have e-mail chats with friends they have just left.whats clear is that, whether we like it or not, the internet is an ever growing part of our lives and there is no turning back. “the internet is just 20% invented,” says cyber pioneer jake winebaum. “the last 80% is happening now.”5. what can we learn from the microsofts remark? a. todays cars and airplanes are extremely overpriced. b. information technology is developing at an amazing speed. c. information technology has reached the point where improvement is difficult. d. theres more competition in information technology industry than in car industry.6. according to the author, the biggest benefit of