高考英语二轮专题复习 单项填空 名词性从句提分训练（真题集锦含解析）新人教版(1).doc

名词性从句1.(2012重庆卷t34)evidence has been found through years of study_ childrens early sleeping problems are likely to continue when they grow up.a.why b.how c.whether d.that【解析】选d。考查名词性从句。句意为:通过多年的研究,已有证据表明孩子的早期睡眠问题很可能会持续到他们的成年时期。句中that引导的是同位语从句修饰evidence,从句中不缺少任何成分,应用that引导,故选d。【方法技巧】英语中常考的几种分隔现象(1)同位语从句和先行词的分隔。例如:a story goes that elizabethof england liked nothing more than being surrounded by clever and qualified noblemen at court.句中的“elizabethof england liked nothing more than being surrounded by clever and qualified noblemen at court.”是主语a story的同位语。由于该同位语较长而谓语较短,为保持句子平衡,谓语动词goes放在了主语与同位语从句之间,造成同位语从句与主语的分隔。(2)定语从句和先行词的分隔。例如:the film brought the hours back to me when i was taken good care of in that faraway village.句子的主体结构为“the film brought the hours back to me.”。它语意清晰,结构紧凑,同时也避免了出现类似于when i was taken good care of in that faraway village这样太长的定语,那样易造成句子失去平衡,而且把宾语hours与其补足语back to me分隔开来也会造成理解困难。2.(2012安徽卷t27)the limits of a persons intelligence,generally speaking, are fixed at birth, but he reaches these limits will depend on his environment.a.whereb.whether c.that d.why【解析】选b。考查名词性从句。句意为:一般说来,人的智力极限在刚出生时就决定了,但是能否达到极限取决于环境。根据句子结构可知,本题是考查主语从句的引导词,a项是副词表示地点;b项是连词表示“是否”,符合题意;c项引导主语从句时本身没有意义,也不作句子成分,但是不能省略;d项是副词表示原因。3.(2012全国卷t24)it is by no means clearthe president can do to end the strike.a.howb.whichc.thatd.what【解析】选d。考查名词性从句。句意:总统会采取什么措施来结束这次罢工还不清楚。根据句子结构可以判断此处it作形式主语,真正的主语是后面的从句。从句中do后面缺少宾语,这样可先排除a、c两项。how是副词,不能作宾语,that在名词性从句中不作成分。根据句意可知which(哪一个)放在此处不合适。故选d。4.(2012湖南卷t26)everyone in the village is very friendly.it doesnt matter _ you have lived there for a short or a long time.a.why b.how c.whether d.when【解析】选c。考查名词性从句。句意为:村子里的每个人都很友好。无论你在那里住的时间很短还是住了很长一段时间都没关系。c项whether是否,符合句意。a项why为什么;b项how如何,怎么样;d项when什么时候。5.(2012山东卷t25)it doesnt matter you pay by cash or credit card in this store.a.how b.whether c.what d.why【解析】选b。考查名词性从句的引导词。句意为:在这家商店不管你用现金支付还是用信用卡支付都没关系。分析句子结构可知it是形式主语,真正的主语是“ you pay by cash or credit card in this store”。whether.or.意为“不管还是”,符合句意;how如何,多么;what什么;why为什么,的理由,此三项均不符合句意。6.(2012福建卷t35) we promiseattends the party a chance to have a photo taken with the movie star.a.who b.whom c.whoever d.whomever【解析】选c。考查名词性从句。句意为:我们向任何参加派对的人承诺一个和影星照相的机会。whoever引导名词性从句作promise的宾语,且whoever在从句中作主语。whom 和whomever均为宾格,不合题意;who从词义上不如whoever准确。7.(2012北京卷24)jerry did not regret giving the comment but felt he could have expressed it differently.a.why b.how c.thatd.whether【解析】选c。考查名词性从句。句意为:jerry并不后悔提出自己的意见,但是他感觉他本来可以换种方式表达的。由句式结构可知felt后面是一个宾语从句,从句中不缺少任何成分,故应用that引导。why在从句中作原因状语;how在从句中作方式状语;whether意为“是否”。8.(2012江西卷t25)it suddenly occurred to him he had left his keys in the office.a.whether b.where c.which d.that【解析】选d。考查it的用法和固定句型。句意为:他突然想到他把钥匙忘在办公室里了。it occurs to sb. that.意为“某人突然想到某事”, 其中it是形式主语,后面的that从句是真正的主语。其他选项没有此用法。9.(2012陕西卷t20)as many as five courses are provided,and you are free to choose_suits you best.a.whateverb.whichever c.whenever d.wherever【解析】选b。考查名词性从句。句意为:提供了多达五门的课程,你可以任意选择最适合你的一门。choose 后为宾语从句,宾语从句缺主语,排除c项和d项。结合题干five courses,有范围限定,故选择whichever。【误区警示】“whatever ”与“whichever”不可混(1)误导原因:名词性从句中缺主语或宾语用what。此句中是choose 后面的宾语从句,缺主语,所以易误选whatever。(2)去伪存真:whichever“无论哪一个”;whatever“无论什么”,都可以在名词性从句中作主语或宾语,一定要注意它们之间的区别:whichever是表示从已给出的里面选择任意一个;whatever表示任何东西,无论什么东西,前面没有范围。所以如果有范围让你选,用whichever;没有范围,用whatever故选b。同理也是what 和which的区别。例如:do whatever you like. (作like的宾语)做任何你喜欢做的事。choose whichever of them you like best. 从它们中选一个你最喜欢的吧。10.(2012辽宁卷t34)the newcomer went to the library the other day and searched forhe could find about mark twain.a.whereverb.however c.whatever d.whichever【解析】选c。考查名词性从句。句意为:这个新来的人前几天到图书馆去寻找他能找到的一切关于马克吐温的东西。空格处需引导宾语从句作介词for的宾语,该连词在从句中作find的宾语,故排除a、b两项;因没有明确的选择范围,故排除d,选c。【方法技巧】解答名词性从句的题目一定要先分析句子结构,再结合句意的需要来做出正确的选择。11.(2012天津卷t9)it doesnt matter you turn right or left at the crossingboth roads lead to the park.a.whether b.how c.ifd.when【解析】选a。考查名词性从句。句意为:在十字路口,无论你是向右拐还是向左拐,都没关系这两条路都通向公园。分析空格后面的成分可知该部分不缺成分,排除在句中需作状语的b、d两项;又因it为形式主语,matter后面的部分为真正的主语,即为主语从句;if不能与or连用,所以排除c项,故选a项。【方法技巧】名词性从句题目的解题方法名词性从句的考查点在于选择正确的连接词,其选择方法如下:(1)分析句子结构,分清主从句。(2)分析空格后面的成分,根据连接词常作的成分大致选择连接词that/whether/if(不作成分)/what/which(主、宾、表)/who(主)/ whom(宾)/whose(定)/ where/when/why/how(状)。(3)再根据连接词的含义作最后的选择(其中that没有实际含义)。(4)注意:what意为“什么”,表泛指;which意为“哪一个,哪些”,表特指。12.(2012浙江卷t4)i made a promise to myselfthis year, my first year in high school, would be different.a.whetherb.whatc.thatd.how【解析】选c。考查名词性从句。句意为:我给自己做出承诺:今年,是我上高中的第一年,将会与以往不同。空格处所缺词引导的是promise的同位语从句,且从句中不缺成分,句意完整,故用that。13.(2012江苏卷t27)the notice came around two in the afternoonthe meeting would be postponed.a.whenb.that c.whether d.how【解析】选b。考查同位语从句。句意为:大约在下午两点传来通知说会议将被延期。notice为抽象名词,that引导的同位语从句对notice的内容解释说明。【误区警示】同位语从句的分离(1)误导原因:同位语从句或定语从句一般都紧随名词后,横线前是in the afternoon,学生容易误把此句当成定语从句选择when。(2)去伪存真:在英语中,为了句子平衡的需要