高考英语二轮专题复习 提分训练“阅读理解”政治经济类（真题含解析）(1).doc

2014高考英语二轮专题复习 提分训练“阅读理解”政治经济类（2010年真题，含解析）passage1 （2010上海卷b） the following card includes a brief summary and a short assessment of a research paper. it can provide a guide for further reading on the topic.trevor, c. o., lansford, b. and black, j. w., 2004, “employee turnover (人事变更) and job performance: monitoring the influences of salary growth and promotion”, journal of armchair psychology, vol. 113, no.1, pp. 56-64.in this article trevor et al. review the influences of pay and job opportunities in respect of job performance, turnover rates and employees job attitude. the authors use data gained through organizational surveys of blue-chip companies in vancouver, canada to try to identify the main cause of employee turnover and whether it is linked to salary growth. their research focuses on assessing a range of pay structures such as pay for performance and organisational reward plans. the article is useful as trevor et al. suggest that there are numerous reasons for employee turnover and a variety of differences in employees job attitude and performance. the main limitation of the article is that the survey sample was restricted to mid-level management, thus the authors indicate that further, more extensive research needs to be undertaken to develop a more in-depth understanding of employee turnover and job performance. as this article was published in a professional journal, the findings can be considered reliable. it will be useful additional information for the research on pay structures.69. the research paper published is primarily concerned with .a. the way of preventing employee turnover b. methods of improving employee performancec. factors affecting employee turnover and performanced. pay structures based on employee performance70. as is mentioned in the card, the limitation of the research paper mainly lies in that .a. the data analysis is hardly reliable b. the research sample is not wide enoughc. the findings are of no practical value d. the research method is out-of-date71. who might be most interested in this piece of information?a. job hunters. b. employees in blue-chip companies.c. mid-level managers. d. researchers on employee turnover.69.【解析】选c。主旨大意题。通读卡片中的内容可知这篇调查报告主要论述了薪水对员工工作表现与人事变更的影响；报告并没有涉及阻止人事变更和激励员工工作表现的方法，也没有论述根据员工的工作表现制定薪水等级，故选c。70.【解析】选b。细节理解题。根据倒数第三句“the main limitation of the article is that the survey sample was restricted to mid-level management”可知选b。71.【解析】选d。由文章第二句“it can provide a guide for further reading on the topic.”和卡片最后两句话可以推测出做有关员工人事变更研究的研究人员最可能对这则信息感兴趣，故选d项。passage 2 （2010江苏卷d）imagine, one day, getting out of bed in beijing and being at your office in shanghai in only a couple of hours, and then, after a full day of work, going back home to beijing and having dinner there.sounds unusual, doesnt it? but its not that unrealistic, with the development of chinas high-speed railway system. and thats not all. china has an even greater high-speed railway plan to connect the country with southeast asia, and eventually eastern europe.china is negotiating to extend its own high-speed railway network to up to 17 countries in 10 to 15 years, eventually reaching london and singapore.china has proposed three such projects. the first would possibly connect kunming with singapore via vietnam and malaysia. another could start in urumqi and go through kazakhstan and uzbekistan, and possibly to germany. the third would start in the northeast and go north through russia and then into western europe.if chinas plan for the high-speed railway goes forward, people could zip over from london to beijing in under two days.the new system would still follow chinas high-speed railway standard. and the trains would be able to go 346 kilometers an hour, almost as fast as some airplanes.chinas bullet train (高速客车), the one connecting wuhan to guangzhou, already has the worlds fastest average speed. it covers 1 069 kilometers in about three hours.of course, there are some technical challenges to overcome. there are so many issues that need to be settled, such as safety, rail gauge (轨距), maintenance of railway tracks. so, its important to pay attention to every detail.but the key issue is really money. china is already spending hundreds of billions of yuan on domestic railway expansion.china prefers that the other countries pay in natural resources rather than with capital investment. resources from those countries could stream into china to sustain development.itll be a win-win project. for other countries, the railway network will definitely create more opportunities for business, tourism and so on, not to mention the better communication among those countries.for china, such a project would not only connect it with the rest of asia and bring some much-needed resources, but would also help develop chinas far west. we foresee that in the coming decades, millions of people will migrate to the western regions, where the land is empty and resources unused. with high-speed trains, people will set up factories and business centers in the west once and for all. and theyll trade with central asian and eastern european countries.67. chinas new high-speed railway plan will be a win-win project because _.a. china will get much-needed resources and develop its western regionsb. china and the countries involved will benefit from the project in various waysc. china will develop its railway system and communication with other countriesd. the foreign countries involved will develop their railway transportation, business and tourism68. according to the passage, the greatest challenge to the new high-speed railway plan is _.a. technical issues b. safety of the system c. financial problems d. maintenance of railway tracks69. which of the following words best describes the authors attitude towards chinas high-speed railway plan?a. critical. b. reserved. c. doubtful d. positive.70. which of the following might be the best title for the passage?a. new railway standards b. big railway dreamsc. high-speed bullet trains d. international railway network【文章大意】本文主要介绍中国的环球高速铁路计划。67.【解析】选b。细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段可知，既然是“双赢的项目”，那么就应该是双方，即china and the other countries involved，所以选择b项。其余选项都是单方面的国家，所以排除。68.【解析】选c。细节理解题。通读全文可知文章第八、九段都是实施中国的环球高速铁路计划会遇到的困难；第九段中 but the key issue is really money.说明了最大的困难是钱的问题（financial problems），所以选择c项。69.【解析】选d。推理判断题。要求考生推断作者的态度。尽管文章第八、九段中提到了困难，但从最后两段中依然可以看出作者是持积极的、支持的态度（positive）。70.【解析】选b。主旨大意题。通读全文可知环球高速铁路还只是计划，是尚未实现的远大梦想（big railway dreams），所以选择b项。a项和c项只是文章中的“点”，并不能概括大意；而d项混淆范围，把“中国的计划”扩大成了“国际的（international）”，所以不能选。passage 3 (2010江西卷b) cwu the communications unionhead of researchsalary:55.271we are looking for a head of research to manage the cwu research department and information centre. you would be required to exercise control of all research work of the department and manage a team of three researchers and four support staff. the person appointed would be expected to carry out research work of a strategic nature across the range of businesses in which the cwu has or seeks membership and to contribute to the strategic thinking and direction of the union as a whole. you will need: proven line management skills, especially in managing and motivating a team; good research skills, holding a good degree in a related subject or other similar experience; a high level of mathematical and calculating skills; the ability to produce high quality work under pressure; a commitment to and knowledge of the trade union movement and social democratic politics; and knowledge and/ or experience of the postal and/ or telecommunications industry. to apply, please request an application pack by emailing or by telephoning hr( human resources ) on 020 8971 7482. when applying, please state your source. closing date for applications: 4th august 2010anticipated interview date: 17th august 2010no agencies please60. in which column of a newspaper could we find this advertisement?a. arts. b. sales. c. jobs. d. news.61. one of the duties of the person to be appointed is .a. taking charge of research b. seeking membership for the trade unionc. managing a team of three or four members d. running a telecommunications company62. if you want to apply for this position, you can do all except _.a. ask an agency for an application form b. dial 020 8971 7482 for more informationc. email for an application pack d. send in your application before 4th august 201063. which of the following applicants is most likely to be employed?a. a school teacher with a masters degree. b. a university graduate majoring in computer science.c. a director from a research centre with a masters degree. d. a clerk from a telecommunications company.【文章大意】本文对招聘cwu研究中心的领导人的工作要求、工资待遇、应征条件、应征方式及时间做了详细说明。60.【解析】选c。推理判断题。这是一则招聘广告，招聘一个研究中心的管理人员，故选c。61.【解析】选a。细节理解题。由第一段第二句话和第二段可知，a项最具有概括性。62 【解析】选a。细节理解题。由文章最后一句no agencies please可知a项不对，从文章倒数二、三、四段可知其他项均正确。63.【解析】选c。推理判断题。本文招聘的是研究中心的领导者，所以招聘者必须与科研有关，所以c最有可能受雇。passage 4 （2010四川卷d）somali pirates(海盗) robbed three thai fishing ships with 77 sailors on board nearly l 200 miles off the somali coast, the farthest-off-shore attack to date, an officer said tuesday.pirates have gone farther south and east in answer to increased patrols(巡逻)by warships off the somali shore. the robbing of the three ships sunday was about 600 miles outside the normal operation area for the international force, said a spokesman.the spokesman said the attack so far out at sea was a clear sign that the international patrols against pirates were having a “marked effect on pirate activity in the area”.“once they start attacking that far out, youre not even really talking about the somali basin or areas of water that have any connection with somalia,” said an officer, roger middleton. “once youre that far out, its just the indian ocean, and it means youre looking at trade going from the gulf to asia, from asia to south africa.”“this is the farthest robbing to date. they are now operating near the maldives and india,” said another officer.the three shipsthe mv prantalay 11, 12, and l4had 77 members on board in total. all of them are thai, the spokesman said. before the sunday robbing, pirates held 11 ships and 228 sailors.pirates have increased attacks over the past year in hopes of catching more dollar payments. because of increased patrols and defenses on board ships, the success rate(率)has gone down, though the number of successful attacks has stayed the same year over year.53.the pirate attack reported in the text happened .a. far out in the indian ocean b. in the normal patrol areac. near the somali coast d. in the south of africa54. according to