高考英语核心考点专题冲刺训练（三年高考概况+马年高考策略+三年高考回放演练）定语从句(1).doc

冲刺强化核心题根训练2014高考核心考点专项训练定语从句专题三年高考概况(1)题目考查较多，考生选择该专题得分率比较高(2)从考查内容看，定语从句中关系代词which和介词+关系代词的考查较多(3)在单项选择和短文改错中对定语从句的考查较多.马年高考策略(1)加强定语从句基本概念的理解，注意把握解题技巧(2)加强贴近高考的典型题训练.三年高考回放 定语从句：在主从复合句中，对某一名词或代词起修饰作用的从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系词。1、关系代词：who, whom, whose, which, that, as2、关系副词：when, where, why注意：关系代词和关系副词必须位于从句之首，主句先行词之后，起着连接先行词和从句的作用， 同时在从句中又充当句子成分。【2011全国卷31】the prize will go to the writer _ story shows the most imagination. a. that b. which c. whose d. what【答案】c【解析】句意：我们的奖金会留给故事情节最富有想象力的作者。本题主句中的先行词writer和从句中的主语story有所属关系，译为作者的故事，因此选c。【考点定位】定语从句 【2011全国卷7】ted came for the weekend wearing only some shorts and a t-shirt, _ is a stupid thing to do in such weather. a. this b. that c. what d. which【答案】d【解析】分析句子结构可知，该句为定语从句，首先排除a和c；根据空前的逗号可知，该句为非限制性定语扶句，排除b。该从句应用which引导，which在从句中作主语，代指前面的整个句子。【考点定位】定语从句 【2012浙江卷17】ellen was a painter of birds and of nature, _, for some reason, had withdrawn from all human society.a. whichb. whoc. whered. whom【答案】b【解析】who引导非限定性定语从句，在从句中做主语，修饰先行词ellen（人名）。which修行先行词是物的定语从句；whom修饰先行词为人，且在从句中做宾语；where修饰先行词是地点名词，且在从句中地点状语，均不符合语境，故排除。【考点定位】定语从句 【2012浙江卷9】we live in an age more information is available with greater ease than ever before.a. whyb. whenc. to whomd. on which【答案】b【解析】when引导定义从句，在从句中做时间状语，修饰先行词an age（时代）. 此处的when=at which。【考点定位】定语从句 【2013上海卷38】an ecosystem consists of the living and nonliving things in an area _ interact with one another.a. thatb. wherec. whod. what【答案】a【解析】句意：生态系统是由一个区域里相互作用的生物和非生物构成的。分析句子结构，_ interact with one another是定语从句，先行词是the living and nonliving things，通过还原法可知，先行词在从句中作主语，不是人，所以用that。务必记住：what不可引导定语从句。【考点定位】定语从句 【2013浙江卷13】the museum will open in the spring with an exhibition and a viewing platform_ visitors can watch the big glasshouses being built.a. whatb. wherec. whend. why【答案】b【解析】句意：这家博物馆将在春天开放，有一个展览和一个观看平台，在这个平台上参观者可以看到正在建造一个大玻璃屋。where引导的定语从句修饰platform，where再从句中充当地点状语。解题思路：1.确定从句类型，主句主干完整，可判断出是定语从句而非名词性从句；2.查找先行词；3.判断从句主干是否完整，确定关系代词或关系副词在从句中充当什么成分。【考点定位】定语从句 马年高考演练1. john invited about 40 people to his wedding， most of _ are family members.athem bthat cwhich dwhom【答案】d【解析】句意：约翰邀请了四十个人参加他的婚礼，其中大部分是家庭成员。逗号之后是一个非限定性定语从句，关系词that只能引导限定性定语从句，排除；先行词是people，which 只能指物，排除选项c；如果用them， 则逗号之后应该加上一个连词and，排除。英语中两个句子之间是必须要有一个连词的，简单说，如果在一个逗号的前面和后面的句子之中没有连词的话，那这个句子就是错误的。【考点定位】定语从句 2. is often the case with children, amy was better by the time the doctor arrived. a. it b. that c. what d. as【答案】b【解析】句意：等医生到的时候，amy好多了，孩子都这样。as在此句中引导非限定性定语从句，放在句首，同时在从句中作主语，为正确答案；如果用it或者that，那么整个句子中缺少一个连词，排除选项a和b； 如果用what，逗号前面应该是一个主语从句，主语从句之后应该是谓语动词，而不是逗号之后再来一个句子，排除。【考点定位】定语从句 3. nowadays people are more concerned about the environment _ they live.a. what b. which c. when d. where【答案】d【解析】句意：现在人们更加关心他们所生活的环境。the environment是先行词，在定语从句中做地点状语，“他们生活在这个环境中”，故用关系代词where。关系词的选择，最关键的就是看先行词在定语从句中作什么成分，而不是看先行词是表示什么的单词，如表示地点的先行词之后未必用where，同样表示时间的先行词之后未必用when。【考点定位】定语从句 4. finally he reached a lonely island _ was completely cut off from the outside world.a. when b. where c. which d. whom【答案】c【解析】句意：最终他们到达了一个完全与外界隔绝的荒岛上。定语从句的先行词为island，而先行词在从句中所做的成分是主语，所以用关系代词that或which；when和where引导定语从句时用做状语；而whom引导定语从句时做宾语。【考点定位】定语从句 5. there is no simple answer, _ is often the case in science.a. as b. that c. when d. where【答案】a【解析】句意：没有简单的答案，正如科学界的许多情况一样。that是不可以引导非限制性定语从的；而when和where引导定语从句时不做主语。【考点定位】定语从句 6. he may win the competition, _ he is likely to get into the national team.ain which case bin that case cin what case din whose case【答案】 a【解析】分析句子结构，he may win the competition为主句，剩下的只可以为从句，故先排除b。本题中，in which case引导非限制性定语从句，相当于and in that case。所以选a。【考点定位】定语从句 7. he wrote a letter _ he explained what had happened in the accident.a. what b. which c. where d. how【答案】c【解析】句意：他写了一封信，在信中他解释了事故中发生的一切。解题关键是判断定语从句关联词的选择方法，即：根据先行词在定语从句中做的成分来判断。本题中先行词letter在从句中做地点状语，因此，正确答案为c。what与how都不可以引导定语从句。【考点定位】定语从句 8. the children, _ had played the whole day long, were worn out.a. all of wha