高考英语短文填单词抓分练习（8）.doc

2014高考英语短文填单词抓分练习（8）及答案第四部分 任务型阅读（共10小题；满分10分）阅读短文，根据所读内容在表格的空格处填上适当的单词或短语，每空不超过3个单词。happy birthday! do birthdays really make people happy ? of course they dobirthdays celebrate the day when we were bornbesides, that extra candle on the cake suggests another year of growth and maturity（成熟）or so we hopewe all like to imagine that we are getting wiser and not just oldermost of us enjoy seeing the wonder of growth in others, as wellfor instance, seeing our children develop and learn new things makes us feel proudfor americans, like people in most cultures, growing up is a wonderful processbut growing old? that is a different story growing old is not exactly for people in youth-oriented（ 以 年轻人为 中心）american culturemost americans like to look young, act young and feel youngas the old saying goes, “youre young as you feel” older people joke about how many years young they are, rather than how many years oldpeople in some countries value the aged as a source of experience and wisdombut americans seem to favor those that are young, or at least “young at heart”many older americans find the “golden years” to be anything but goldeneconomically, “senior citizens” often struggle just to get byretirement at the age of 65 brings a sharp decrease in personal incomesocial security benefits usually cannot make up the differenceolder people may suffer from poor nutrition, medical care, and housingsome even experience age discrimination（歧视）american sociologist pat moore once dressed up like an older person and wandered city streetsshe was often treated rudely-even cheated and robbedhowever, dressed as a young person, she received much more respectunfortunately, the elderly population in america is increasing fastwhy? people are living longerfewer babies are being bornand middle-aged “baby boomers” are rapidly entering the group of the elderlyamerica may soon be a place where wrinkles（皱纹）are “in”marketing experts are ready noticing this growing group of consumertitle: different opinions about 71._ 72_descriptions / detailsgeneral ideagrowing older, being mature and wiserpositive attitude74._a wonderful process: children75._ new things, enjoying another birthday partyabout the oldbeing respected by the young76._ as a source of experience and wisdomliving happily in the “golden years”73._never being young againfeeling lonely in a youth-oriented culture77._ problem: personal income 78._health problem: suffering from poor nutrition and other diseaseshousing problems: poor and simple 79._ problems: being ill-treated - experiencing age discrimination, cheating and robberysolutionimproving 80._ benefitsthe young caring for and respecting the old参考答案71. growing old 72. items / aspects 73. negative attitude 74. about the young 75. developing and learning 76. being valued / valuing the aged77. economical 78. decreasing sharply 79. social 80. social security一、根据所给句子的意思填上适当的词。每个空格只填一个单词。1.what should we do so that our communication will be effective? what should we do to communicate _? 2.good communication _ on （取决于）good personal qualities. 3.the total _ of libraries in north america is over 135,000. 4.in this way all works can be easily located by readers. in this way readers will have little _ locating what they want. 5. all you have to do is to take control of your emotions and make them positive instead of letting them control you. you have to control your emotions and make them positive instead of being _ by them. 参考答案1. well/ effectively 2. depends 3. number 4. difficulty/ trouble 5. controlled6.another great way to keep yourself motivated over the holiday is to find a friend who another great way to keep up your _ for reading over the holiday is to find.7.advertising agencies appeared in the latter part of the 19th century. advertising agencies came into _ in the latter part of the 19th century.8. advertising spending has increased dramatically in recent years. there has been a _ in advertising spending. 9. we prefer to be a little cautious at this stage. more _ is needed at this stage.10. in the early 1900s the birth rate began to fall and the divorce rate began to rise. the birth rate was on the _ and more people got divorced. 参考答案6. motivation 7. appearance 8. rise 9. caution 10. decrease/ decline 1.2.6 billion people lack proper wastewater treatment. 2.6 billion people are _ of proper wastewater treatment. 2. the un aims to cut in half by the year 2015 the population unable to reach or afford safe drinking water. the un aims to cut in half by the year 2015 the population having no _ to safe drinking water. 3. your own weight is the amount of the force that holds you to the earth. the force that holds you to the earth is _ to your own weight. 4.studies have shown that the presence of natural green spaces and plants is connected with a 50 percent reduction in the incidents of violent crime. the incidents of violent crime have _ in places where there are natural green spaces and plants. 5.most of the worlds rainforests are topical rainforests that grow in warm places near the earths equator. the _ of the rainforests are topical forests, while another6. the trees take in carbon dioxide and give off oxygen. the trees _ carbon dioxide and give off oxygen. 7. conservationists are looking for ways that people can use the forests without destroying them. conservationist are trying to use the forests without causing _. 8.you should walk fast enough to cause you to breathe hard. walk fast enough to cause you to breathe with _.9.the drawbacks of hosting the olympics should be taken into careful consideration. the drawbacks need to be carefully _ as well. 10.she is considered as a role model and an inspiration by many of her peers.she is really a role model, _ many people. 参考答案1. short 2. access 3. equal 4. decreased/ declined 5. majority 6. absorb 7. destruction 8. inspiring 9.considered 10. inspiring第四部分：任务型阅读（共10小题；每小题1分，满分 10分）请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章的表格里填入最恰当的词或短语。recently 3 kinds of foods are very popular in the us.convenience foodsinstead of buying only fresh foods, americans buy many more convenience foods. these are foods which are ready partly or completely prepared. there are also many canned convenience foods, such as soups and vegetables.convenience foods save time and trouble. they are popular with people who are busy or who dont like to cook or wash dishes. but they often cost more money than fresh , unprepared foods and may contain man-made additives. also they dont taste as good as home-cooked foods.health foodsin the 1960s, a “back-to-the earth ” movement was started by young people in the us. the movement was a reaction against the harmful effects of technology. many people now prefer natural and organic foods to the prepared foods sold in food stores.diet foods these days americans are more and more concerned with their weight. american supermarkets sell a variety of diet foods as diet soft drinks, diet candy, and diet salad dressings. each year dozens of new diets are popularized. however, some of the diet foods are unbelievable. there are tricks in their advertisements. three popular foods in the uskinds of foodsconvenience foodshealth foodsdiet foodspeople who like the foodsthose who are 71_.those who dont like to cook or wash dishesthose who are against the 72_effects of technology.those who are moreconcerned with their73_.advantagessave 74_and troublebe good for ones healthhelp people to 75_weight.76_cost more 77_may contain78_additivesnot 79_asgood as home-madefoodsunknown80_all ofthe diet foods are believable参考答案：71.busy 72.harmful 73.weight 74.time 75.;lose 76. disadvantages 77.money 78.man-made 79.taste 80.not附：任务型阅读中的高频词：1.使某人能够做enable / allow sb to do 2.不能做某事fail to do 3.绝非易事no easy job 4.避免做avoid doing 5.包括including sth= sth included 6.导致result in= lead to=contribute to=bring about = cause= give rise to 7.符合需求meet/ satisfy / suit ones needs/ wants/ demands/ requirements8.充分利用make the most of=make the best(use) of= make full use of 9.依靠depend on=be dependent on 10.建立在基础上be based on 11.做某事有困难have difficulties with sth have difficulty / trouble (in) doing sth 12.参与participate in =get/be involved in13.献身于，投入于devote .to sth/doing14.一刻，四分之一quarter 十年decade 一个世纪century 15.和相似be similar to 16.熟悉be familiar with 17.重要/有价值/有用/有帮助be of importance/ significance/ value/ use/ help= be important/ significant/ valuable/ useful/ helpful 18.在帮助下with the help of =with the aid/ assistance of.19.在某人许可之下with ones permission20.开始存在come into being/ existence 21.影响have aeffect on = affect 22.被取代be replaced by/ with 23.在上升中be increasing/ rising=be on the increase/ rise 在减少中be decreasing/declining/ dropping=be on the decrease/ decline 24.除了做别无选择have no choice/ alternative/ option but to do25.对负责；是成因be responsible for= take responsibility for26.对有害do harm to= be harmful to27.对有好处be good for=do good to=be beneficial to = be of benefit to.= benefit sb/ sth28.对造成威胁be a threat to sth = be dangerous to .29.意识到be aware / conscious of 提高意识raise/ increase ones awareness of30.有机会利用/进入have access to.31.和相等；胜任于be equal to32.有规律的/地regular(ly) 33.舒适的/地 comfortable-comfortably34.大多数the majority of the students= most of the students = most students 35.占多数in the majority占少数in the minority 36.大的百分比a large percentage of37.毁坏(v) destroy 毁坏(n) destruction 38.可得到的available 39.建立set up=found=establish组成form a team/ band 40.消失(v)disappear 消失(n) disappearance 41.对感到自豪be proud of=take pride in42.描述(v) describe 描述(n) description 43.起作用play a role in44.保持平衡keep a balance 45.考虑consider .= o consideration/ account 46.和有联系be related to= relate to=be linked with/ to= be connected with/ to = be associated with 47.以纪念/以对某人表示敬意in honor of 48.以庆祝in celebration of 49.一开始in the beginning 在开始at the beginning of50.使某人想起；提醒某人注意 remind sb of sth 51.和和谐相处live in harmony with = live harmoniously with 52.对造成损害do /cause damage to.53.成本高at high cost 54.以认可in recognition of.55.阻止某人做prevent / stop/ keep sb from 56.保持健康keep fit/ healthy 57.鼓励某人做encourage sb to do 在某人鼓励之下under ones encouragement在某人指导之下under ones guidance 58.成功地做manage to do= succeed in doing59.受伤(v) injure 受伤(n) injury 受伤(adj) injured 60.遭受suffer from.61.被限制到be limited to n/ doing 一个的限制a limit to61.人们普遍接受it is widely(=generally) accepted that.我认为是可接受的i think it acceptable that62.获得成功achieve success;达到目的achieve ones goal63.除了.之外还有in addition to= besides= apart from=as