高考英语阅读理解抓分练习（26）.doc

2014高考英语阅读理解抓分练习（26）及答案阅读理解the world is not coming to an end on december 21, 2012, the us space agency insisted monday in a rare campaign to dispel widespread rumors fueled by the internet and a new hollywood movie.the latest big screen offering from sony picture, 2012, arrives in theaters on friday, with a 200milliondollar production about the end of the world supposedly based on myths (虚构的故事) backed by the mayan calendar. it is claimed that the end of time will come as a planet x or nibiru heads toward or collides with the earth.some websites accuse nasa of hiding the truth on the planet s existence, but the us space agency denounced such stories as an “internet hoax(恶作剧) ”. “there is no factual basis for these claims，” nasa said in a questionandanswer posting on its website. “if such a collision were real, astronomers would have been tracking it for at least the past decade, and it would be visible by now to the naked eye. obviously, it does not exist. credible scientists worldwide know of no threat associated with 2012，” it insisted. “after all, our planet has been getting along just well for more than four billion years，” added nasa.there is another planet, eris, floating in space. but the small planet similar to pluto will remain safely fixed in the outer solar system and it can come no closer than four billion miles to the earth, according to nasa.initial theories set the disaster for may 2003, but when nothing happened the date was moved forward to the winter in 2012 to coincide with the end of a cycle of the ancient mayan calendar.nasa insisted the mayan calendar in fact does not end on december 21, 2012, as another period begins immediately afterward.and even if the planets were to line up as some have forecast, the effect on our planet would be “negligible”， nasa said.“and while comets and asteroids (小行星) have always hit the earth, big hits are very rare，” nasa noted. the last major impact was believed to be 65 million years ago，resulting in the end of dinosaurs.“we have already determined that there are no threatening asteroids as large as the one that killed the dinosaurs，” the space agency said.【文章大意概括】好莱坞灾难大片2012使网络上盛传的“2012年12月21日为世界末日”这一所谓的玛雅预言再次进入人们的视野。为此，美国宇航局重申，2012年12月21日并不是世界末日，传言中的x星球将与地球相撞也并不属实。1_played a key role in the spread of the rumors.a. a new bookb. the internet and a new hollywood moviec. nasad. an indian calendar【详解剖析】细节理解题。根据第一段中to dispel widespread rumors fueled by the intermet and a new hollywood movie可知因特网和一部好莱坞新片对传播世界末日的谣言起到了推波助澜的作用。【最佳选项】b2the film 2012 is_.a. about the end of the worldb. based on the scientific predictionc. well accepted in the science fieldd. about a romantic love story【详解剖析】细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知2012这部电影是关于世界末日的。根据文章内容可先排除d项；由第二段中based on myths(虚构的故事)可知b项错误；由宇航局的讲话可推出c项错误。【最佳选项】a3we can infer that_.a. people didnt take the rumor seriouslyb. planet x or nibiru does existc. astronomers have been tracking planet x for over ten yearsd. the rumor caused a panic among some people【详解剖析】推理判断题。根据the us space agency insisted monday in a rare campaign to dispel widespread rumors可知谣言传播之广以至于美国宇航局不得不出来辟谣，由此可见事态严重，故可判断谣言有可能造成了一些人的恐慌。【最佳选项】d4nasa thinks that eris_.a. might pose a threat to the earthb. doesnt pose any threat to the earthc. is too far away to be visibled. is similar to our planet, where life might exist【详解剖析】细节理解题。根据第四段内容可知eris行星并没有对我们的地球构成威胁。【最佳选项】b5. which of the following is the best title?a. new hollywood movie 2012b. december 21, 2012, not the end of the worldc. end of the ancient mayan calendard. how rumors came into being【详解剖析】主旨大意题。本文主要讲美国宇航局驳斥“2012年12月21日是世界末日”的谣言。故b项为最佳标题。【最佳选项】b长难句解读the latest big screen offering from sony picture, 2012, arrives in theaters on friday, with a 200milliondollar production about the end of the world supposedly based on myths(虚构的故事) backed by the mayan calendar.本句为简单句。句子的主语为the latest big screen offering，意为“最新银幕作品”。介词短语“with a.”作状语。过去分词短语supposedly based on myths作定语，修饰the end of the world。过去分词短语backed by the mayan calendar作定语，修饰myths。 (2012泸州一诊)a dead sixton satellite passed over the west coast and near auckland before burning up over a remote area of the pacific ocean, nasa maps show.the 20yearold upper atmospheric research satellite (uars) dropped about 24 pieces of metal debris (碎片) over 800 km as it entered earths atmosphere on saturday.nasa data tracks its descent (下落) from above the indian ocean off the coast of africa to the pacific ocean at 14.1 degrees south latitude and 189.8 degrees east longitude.new zealand was the only major land mass on its reentry path.nasa says satellite debris scattered (撒落) over the south pacific ocean about as far away from large land masses as you can get.it says the us air force calculated the satellite entered earths atmosphere generally above american samoa.but pieces of it did not start hitting the water for another 480 kilometers to the northeast, southwest of christmas island.experts believe the metal pieces fell over an 800kilometre span.on saturday, scientists said it was possible some pieces could have reached northwestern canada, but nasa said overnight that new calculations show it landed earlier than they thought, nowhere near north america.nick johnson, nasas chief scientist for orbital debris, said the satellite had descended “well within” the range predicted (预测) by the joint space operations center (jsoc)“this was not an easy reentry to predict because of the natural forces acting on the satellite as its orbit decayed (轨道变形)some other nations around the world also were monitoring the satellites descent in the last two hours and all the predictions were well within the range estimated by jsoc.”uars was launched aboard space shuttle discovery in 1991.nasa stopped using the satellite in 2005, after moving it into a lower orbit that cut its life short by 20 years.文章大意：nasa地图准确预测了卫星碎片的坠落轨迹。63which is the right reentry path of the falling satellite?a.ionzpo b.aiona cpoionz dioponaioindian ocean; nznew zealand; popacific ocean; aafrica; nanorth america)答案：a细节理解题。由第四段可知，该卫星碎片的轨迹一定包含new zealand，可以排除b、d两项；由第三段可知，该卫星碎片从印度洋上空坠落，最后落在了太平洋；所以a项正确。64which is true about the debris according to the text?a.some reached north america.b.few fell about american samoa.c.some reached the sea a little later.d.most dropped onto the land and some into the pacific.答案：c细节理解题。由第五段第一句话可知。65what can we infer from nick johnsons words?a.jsoc did a good job in predicting.b.the satellite descended in a set way.c.the satellite was controlled by jsoc.d.it was not easy for the satellite to reenter.答案：a推理判断题。由第七段第一句话可知，joint space operations center对该卫星回归的预测非常准确。66from the text we can know that the satellite was at first designed to use for about_.a.15 years b.20 years c35 years d40 years答案：c细节理解题。由最后一段可知，该卫星是1991年发射的，2005年停止使用，这颗卫星的设计使用年限被缩短了20年。所以，该卫星的设计使用年限是35年。*结束 (2012自贡二诊)astronauts aboard the space station celebrated a space first on wednesday by drinking water that had been recycled from：their urine(尿)，sweat and water got from air. they said “cheers，” clicked drinking bags and toasted nasa workers on the ground.the urine recycling system is needed for astronaut stations on the moon and mars. it also will save nasa money because it wont have to ship up as much water to the station by space shuttles or cargo rockets. besides, its important as the space station is about to expand from three people living on board to six.the recycling system had been brought up to the space station last november by space shuttles endeavour, but it couldnt be used until samples were tested back on earth. so when it came time to actually drink up, nasa made a big deal of it. thethreeman crew stood holding their drinks and congratulated engineers in two nasa centers that worked on the system. “this is something that had been the stuff of science fiction，” american astronaut michael barratt said before taking a small mouthful. “the taste is worth trying.” the new system takes the combined urine of the crew from the toilet, moves it to a big tank, where the water is boiled off, and the vapor is collected. the rest of the urine is thrown away. then the water vapor is mixed with water from air, and then it goes through filters(过滤器). when six crew members are aboard it can make about six gallons from urine in about six hours. “some people may find the idea of drinking recycled urine distasteful, but it is also done on earth, but with a lot longer time between urine and the tap，” said marybeth edeen, the space stations national lab manager.the technology nasa developed for this system has already been used for quick water purification after the 2004 asian tsunami.67according to the text, the recycling system is important because_.ait makes traveling to the moon for the average person possiblebwith it nasa wont need to ship any water up the space stationcit can help meet the need for more water after the crew is expandedd. it protects the environment in space by reducing the amount of waste答案：c细节理解题。根据第二段第二句中的“.it wont have to ship up as much water to the station by space shuttles or cargo rockets. besides, its important as the space station is about to expand from three people living on board to six.”可知选c。68from paragraph 5，we can know_.a. the theory behind the recycling system b. the effect of the recycling systemc. an opinion on recycling urine d. the process of recycling urine答案：d推理判断题。根据第五段第一句“the new system takes the combined urine of the crew from the toilet, moves it to a big tank, where the water is boiled off, and the vapor is collected. the rest of the urine is thrown away.”可知，这是循环利用的过程。69what did edeen say about recycled urine and the recycling system?athe taste of recycled urine is not as good as that of common water.bthe recycling system has made a science fiction story come true.cthe idea of drinking recycled urine makes astronauts feel unpleasant.dit takes a longer time on earth to make water from urine than in space.答案：d推理判断题。根据第五段最后一句中“.it is also done on earth, but with a lot longer time between urine and the tap.”可知，在地球上，把尿净化成自来水需要更长的时间。70.what is the best title for the passage?a. the research of nasa has made great progressb. new technology is used in the space stationc. drink up：space station recycles urine to waterd. good news：water recycled from urine tastes good答案：c主旨大意题。根据全文可知，主要讲述了在空间站将尿转换成水。*结束阅读理解honesty comes in many forms. first theres self-honesty. is what people see the real article or do you appear_through_smoke_and_mirrors? i find that if i try to be something im not，i feel unsure of myself and take out a part from my pba(personal bank account). i love how singer judy garland put it, “always be a firstclass version (版本) of yourself, instead of a secondclass version of somebody else.”then theres honesty in our actions. are you honest at school，with your parents, and with your boss? if youve ever been dishonest，i think we all have, try being honest, and notice how whole it makes you feel. remember, you cant do wrong and feel right. this story by jeff is a good example of that：in my second year of study, there were three kids in my math class who didnt do well. i was really good at it. i would charge them three dollars for each test that i helped them pass. id write on a little piece of paper all the right answers, and hand them off.at first i felt like i was making money, kind of a nice job. i wasnt thinking about how it could hurt all of us. after a while i realized i shouldnt do that anymore, because i wasnt really helping them. they werent learning anything, and it would only get harder down the road. cheating certainly wasn t helping me.it takes courage to be honest when people all around you are getting away with cheating on tests, lying to their parents, and stealing at work. but, remember, every act of honesty is a deposit(储蓄)into your pba and will build strength.【文章大意概括】诚实可以反映在生活的各个方面，对于我们来说，首先要做一个诚实的自我。1the underlined part “appear through smoke and mirrors” in the first paragraph means“_”a. to be honestb. to he unrealc. to become cleard. to come from an imagined world【详解剖析】猜测词义题。第一段第二句：人们看到的是真实的你还是出现在雾里、镜里的你？由此可知：appear through smoke and mirrors为“to be unreal”，表示“不真实”的意思。【最佳选项】b2which of the following can best explain judy garlands words?a. be your true self rather than follow others.b. dont copy others or you cant be the first class.c. make efforts to be the first instead of the second.d. dont learn from others unless theyre excellent.【详解剖析】推理判断题。综观全文，这句话可以理解为：做一个真正的自我，不要一味效仿别人。【最佳选项】a3what does the author expect to show by jeffs story?a. honesty can be of great help.b. a bad thing can be turned into a good one.c. helping others cheat can do good to nobody.d. one should realize the wrong in his bad deeds.【详解剖析】事实细节题。第二段最后一句告诉我们：通过讲述jeff的故事，作者希望人们做错了事情，应该自己意识到错误。【最佳选项】d4in the last paragraph the author mainly wants to express_.a. one must be brave to be honestb. its difficult to be honest when others are notc. one should be honest when making a depositd. honesty in ones actions can help him in the future【详解剖析】主旨大意题。最后一段告诉我们：人们减实的举动，会对自己的未来有益。【最佳选项】d(2012广西老牌高中一调)tired of all the pushing in supermarkets? fed up with waiting in endless lines to pay for what you have bought? angry at wasting time in traffic jams only to find no parking spaces when you eventually arrive at the store? if this is you, then online shopping is the answer to your dreams of troublefree(安全可靠的)shopping, or is it？online shopping brings its own challenges. here are a few things to bear in mind when browsing(浏览)various websites. the claim(主张)made by online sites is that shopping online is a safe and secure way to make purchases. the evidence challenges this. in any case, you only have to be the victim of fraud(诈骗)once to experience all the problems that come with this form of stealing. use only sites that have a trusted history and an excellent reputation.another problem is the appearance of items in reality is often quite different from what you see on your computer screen. this might not be a problem if you are buying washing up powder but could be a major disappointment when that beautiful blue dress you ordered turns up in green. also, product descriptions are sometimes simply untrue! perhaps the wisest plan is to purchase items where design and color are not essential to customer satisfaction.some even argue that online shopping indirectly contributes to global warming. yes, your car can stay parked but how are online goods delivered? often by some large van porting out carbon monoxide and adding to our already des