高考英语阅读理解精英系列练习题（18）.doc

2014高考英语阅读理解精英系列练习题（18）及答案【广东省广州市执信中学2013第三次模拟】cadvice to “sleep on it” could be well founded, scientists say. after a good nights sleep a problem that seemed impossible to solve the night before can often appear easier, although no evidence has proved this by now. but researchers at the university of luebek in germany have designed an experiment that shows a good nights sleep can improve insight(洞察力）and problem-solving. “if you have some newly acquired memories in your brain, sleep acts on these memories, restructures(重构）them, so that after sleep the insight into a problem which you could not solve before increases,” said dr. jan bom, a neuroscientist, at the university. to test the theory, they taught volunteers two simple rules to help them put a string of numbers into a new order. there was also a third, hidden rule, which could help them increase their speed in solving the problem. the researchers divided the volunteers into two groups, half were allowed to sleep after the training while the remainders were forced to stay awake. bom and his team noticed that the group that had slept after the training were twice as likely to figure out the third rule as the other group. “sleep helped,” bom said in a telephone interview. “the important thing is that you have to have a memory representation in your brain of the problem you want to solve and then you sleep, so it can act on the problem.” but bom admitted that he and his team dont know how restructuring of memories occurs or what governs it or in which stage of sleep it works. pierre marquette and pierre ruby of the university of liege in belgium said the experimental evidence supports the suggestions that sleep can promote creative thinking. although the role of sleep in human creativity will still be a mystery, the research gives people good reason to fully respect their periods of sleep, they added.36.the underlined phrase “sleep on it” in the first line probably means _.a.to put something aside to be solved until the next dayb.to get as much sleep as possiblec.to go on sleeping without being disturbedd.to sleep till you get up the next morning37.jan bom and his team carried out the experiment through _a.comparisonb. interviewc. surveyd. imagination38.it can be inferred from the passage that _.a.people should sleep so long as they have timeb.sleep is the only way to solve hard problemsc.people have various periods of sleepd.people know how sleep restructures memories39.what would be the best title for the passage?a.how sleep worksb. sleep helps solve problemsc.no evidence, but well foundedd. boms discovery on sleep40.where is the passage most likely to have been taken from?a.a science fiction.b. a book review.c.an advertisement.d. a newspaper.【参考答案】36.a 37.a 38.c 39.b 40.d .阅读理解ascientists have created a way to control a robot with signals from human brain.by generating the proper brainwavespicked up by a cap with electrodes(电极) that sense the signals and reflect a persons instructionsscientists can instruct a humanoid(类人的) robot to move to specific locations and pick up certain objects.the commands are limited to moving forward，picking up one of two objects and bringing it to one of two locations.the researchers have achieved 94 percent accuracy between the thought commands and the robots movements.“this is really a proofofconcept demonstration，” said rajesh rao，a researcher from the university of washington who leads the project.“it suggests that one day we might be able to use semiautonomous robots for such jobs as helping disabled people or performing routine tasks in a persons home.”the person wearing the electrode cap watches the robots movements on a computer screen through two cameras installed on and above the robot.when the robots cameras see the objects that are to be picked up they pass on the information to the users computer screen.each object lights up randomly on the computer screen.when a person wants something picked up and it happens to light up，the brain registers surprise and sends this brain activity to the computer and then to the robot.the robot then proceeds to pick up the object.a similar algorithm(计算程序) is used to decide where the robot will go.“one of the important things about this demonstration is that were using a noisy brain signal to control the robot，” rao said.“that means we can only obtain brain signals indirectly from sensors on the surface of the head，not where they are generated deep in the brain.as a result，the user can only generate highlevel commands such as indicating which object to pick up or which location to go to，and the robot needs to be autonomous enough to be able to execute such commands.”in the future，the researchers hope to make the robots more adaptive to the environment by having them carry out more complex commands.语篇定位本文是一篇科普类文章。文章介绍了科学家发明的一种能够由人类思维控制来完成简单活动的机器人。长难句分析by generating the proper brainwavespicked up by a cap with electrodes(电极) that sense the signals and reflect a persons instructionsscientists can instruct a humanoid(类人的) robot to move to specific locations and pick up certain objects.本句是一个复合句，that引导定语从句，修饰名词electrodes。句意为：(通过)产生合适的脑波，这些脑波由带有电极的帽子接收，这些电极能够感受信号，并反映一个人的指令。这样科学家就可以指导一个类人的机器人到特定的地点拿起特定的物品。16what is special about the robot introduced in the passage?ait is controlled by human thoughts.bit can be made humanoid.cit can be used to help the disabled.dit has high intelligence itself.17which of the following is true about the robot?ait can move forward and backward and pick up two objects at the same time.bit can move forward，pick up both objects and bring them to either location.cit can only move forward，pick up one object and put it in one location.dit can read all human thought demands and do as instructed.18what rao said suggests that the new robot _.ais still at its early stage of developmentbwill be widely used in our daily routine sooncis autonomous enough to complete complex commandsdis only limited to doing routine work at home19the sixth paragraph mainly describes _.ahow the robot reacts to a persons instructionsbhow the robot picks up the right objectcthe functions of the computerdhow the robot finds out where to go20the underlined word “registers” in the passage can be best replaced by “_”areceives bshowscwrites down dpicks up参考答案16.a 17.c 18.a 19.b 20.b two years ago, the funk family of suburban chicago adopted a chinese baby girl who had been abandoned on a sidewalk near a textile factory in yangzhou.last year, the ramirez family of suburban miami adopted a girl who had been abandoned a week later on the same spot.both families named their daughters mia. it turns out, a first name and chinese heritage arent the only things the threeyearolds have in common. the girls mothersholly funk and diana ramirezmet on a website for parents who had gone through international adoptions. after a lot of emails comparing photographs and biographical details, dna testing proved the families suspicions: the girls are probably fraternal twins.“i was in shock，” said ramirez, who lives with her husband carlos in pembroke pines, florida.“well，now this is for real.”the internet and web groups revolving around international orphanages are increasingly being used to link adopted children with biological kin(亲属). the site that funks and ramirezes used has a membership of 137 people, with 15 sets of twins and 7 sets of siblings whose relationships have been confirmed.at a reunion at chicagos ohare international airport, mia diamond funk and mia hanying ramirez shyly surveyed each other, and then reached for each others hand.dna tests establish an 85 percent probability that the girls are at least halfsisters. scientists do not have a biological parent to test and reach a greater certainty, but given their ages and physical similarities, experts say it is likely they are fraternal twins.douglas and holly funk hope to bring their mia to miami in october.both sets of parents say they are committed to staying in touch and often let the two sisters talk to each other on the phone. 16both the adopted girls shared a first name _.abecause they both came from chinabbecause of their physical similaritiescbecause their us parents suspected they were twinsdfor no good reason17why did the girls mothers meet on the internet?ato compare photographs of the two girls.bto find the girls biological kin.cto test their suspicions.dto know how to adopt children.18experts are still not 100 percent sure that the two girls are fraternal twins because _.adna tests are still not accurate enoughbthe two girls were born in two different familiescthe dna of a biological parent is still missingdone girl was born a week later than the other19what ramirez said in paragraph 4 suggests that she _.adidnt believe what had happenedbwas surprised at what had happenedcdidnt want to accept the factdwas pleased with what they had done20what would be the best title for the passage?aadopted sisters are reunitedbadopted sisters live happily in the uscsuspicion turned into realitydthe stories of two families参考答案16.d 17.b 18.c 19.b 20.a【广东省广州市执信中学2013第三次模拟】dcommunity theatre is a theatre that is run by a local district with the efforts of volunteers. they offer many different kinds of productions, such as musical theatre, dance theatre and childrens theatre. usually, performers are amateurs who receive no pay, but at other times professionals get involved, and they are paid. community theatres of today are a little different ftom the old “little theatres”，as most are simply run by colleges and their theatre departments. community theatres are a great way to get involved with local actors. now, most theatres put on shows that will entertain or benefit the community.in the 1880s, “little theatre” was started in europe so that poor people could see theatrical productions without having to travel far or pay a lot. in 1910，this idea traveled to the united states. in the early years, community theatres were even funded by the government, but when shows became too political, government funding was stopped.community theatres of today are a little different from the old “little theatres”，as most simply want to infuse little culture into the lives of the local citizens. in many cases, these theatres are run by colleges and their theatre departments. these productions are often free of charge, or charge very little money to pay for costumes and other incidental expenses. many also encourage the participation of children and other young people to let them develop theatrical skills, as well as to keep them busy so that they do not choose to get into trouble. additionally, for those who desire strongly to become professional actors and to one day get a chance to act in a national theatre production, it is an exciting place to learn and develop theatrical skills.41.why was “little theatre” started in europe?a.to put on shows for children.b.to collect money for poor people.c.to entertain poor people.d.to get people interested in theatrical productions.42. from the passage we know that community theatres can _.a.help young people make more moneyb.prevent young people getting into troublec.help young people enter the collegesd.encourage young people to become more responsible43.which of the following is true about community theatre?a.it is usually funded by the government.b.it is intended to train professional actors.c.it benefits the community in many ways.d.it is quite different from the old “little theatres”.44.which of the followings is closest in meaning to the underlined word “infuse” in para. 3?a. get rid ofb. fill withc.cut downd. full of45.we can infer from the last paragraph that _.a.some professional actors may come from the community theatresb.community theatres only charge for incidental expensesc.community theatres have lost their attraction todayd.people can live by acting in the community theatres【参考答案】41.c 42.b 43.c 44.b 45.a阅读理解the man from the west stopped and drew back his arm. youre not jimmy wells, he said in a quick and angry way, twenty years is a long time, but not long enough to change a man nose from a roman to pug. it sometimes changes a good man into a bad one,” said the tall man, youve been under arrest for ten minutes. silky bob. chicago thinks you may hav