高考英语阅读理解抓分练习题（44）.doc

2014高考英语阅读理解抓分练习题（44）及答案【福建师大附中2013模拟】das you climb into the hill country, the roads get dustier and rougher, and fewer cars can be seen. phonxay is one of the poorest districts of laos, and many of its villages are only accessible by footpath. our destination this hot morning is a concrete water tank that can be found just off the road. a uk organization helped to build it six years ago, and in the nearby village of thapho, where clean drinking water is scarce, it has made a big difference. the tank feeds six taps which in turn give water to over 800 people-it has improved things for almost every family, from schoolchildren to grannies. but lately, we were told, the clean water supply has come under pressure from new arrivals, people who have come down from the hill areas, and there are concerns that there will not be enough clean water to go round. there are also serious worries about resources in laos. the chinese are building a 400km railway link, which could transform the landlocked country. about 150,000 chinese workers will be involved. what will this do to local clean water supplies? how will the workers be fed?the vast majority of laotians live on farms. but with foreign investors wanting to buy up land, local people will have to be moved to make room for them. heavily dependent on both foreign aid and foreign investment, laos still falls well behind its neighbours, although its economy has grown at about 6% a year in the last decade. its biggest economic problem is the lack of locally trained skilled workforce.but there are reasons to be hopeful for the future. laos is beautiful, and foreign tourism continues to grow: fortunately so far the fast-food chains and coffee bars common elsewhere are nowhere to be seen. although all local media are government-run, the internet is not controlled and the bbc and cnn are available to those with satellite dishes.the government has also achieved impressive results in rural development, with communities benefiting not just from cleaner water but the construction of new schools and regular visits from medical teams. poverty will not be history in laos within the next decade, but with small steps forward and a bit of outside help, the country could find itself out of the uns least-developed category by 2020.68. the underlined word ”scarce” in paragraph 1 most probably means_.a. valuable b. rare c. infrequent d. missing69. what is putting pressure on the local supply of clean water?a. dust from the road is making the water dirtier.b. there are too many taps accessing the water.c. the population of the area is growing fast.d. the coming summer will dry up rivers and lakes.70. what is the most serious limitation on laos economic growth?a. the lack of local skilled workers. b. a poor transportation system.c. too much foreign aid. d. too many foreign workers.71. what is the best title for the passage?a. laos: small steps forward. b. laos: slow-developing nationsc. laos: least-developed land d. laos: landlocked country【参考答案】68-71 b c a a （二） health, wellness and the politics of food9：009：45 am. blue tentpanelists (成员)：jami bernard, david kamp, marion nestle and peter singer.hosted by denise grady, science writer for the new york times.how does what we eat not only affect our bodies, but also the world？the food and nutrition experts debate the role that the diet plays in both personal and global health, and present a look at food politics.sports writing：for the love of the game9：5010：35 am. blue tentpanelists：christine brennan, ira rosen, joe wallace and joe drape.hosted by william crhoden, sports writer for the new york times.whether catching that key moment of victory or defeat, or covering breaking news, sports writers are anything but audience. listen as some professionals discuss the special experience in reporting of sports news. the art of the review11：1512：00 am. green tentpanelists: john freeman, barry gewen, david orr, celia mcgee and jennifer schuessler.hosted by sam tanenhaus, editor for the new york times book review.how much of an effect does the book review have on book sales？join this group of critics(评论家) as they discuss the reality of book review and bestseller lists, and how they choose books for review.new york writers, new york stories3：003：45 pm. green tentpanelists: cindy adams, richard cohen, ric klass and lauren redniss.hosted by clyde haberman, columnist (专栏作家) for the city section of the new york times.join this inspiring group of new yorkcentric writers as they talk about why new york is a gold mine of ideas for their work. ()11.if you are free in the afternoon, you can attend_. athe art of the review bnew york writers, new york stories chealth, wellness and the politics of fooddsports writing: for the love of the game()12.if you like sports writing, you will most probably _. ago to blue tent at 11：15 am benjoy jami bernards talk clisten to christine brennan dattend the art of the review()13.sam tanenhaus is in charge of _. athe art of the review bhealth, wellness and the politics of food cnew york writers, new york stories dsports writing：for the love of the game ()14.all the four activities above _. aare about writing bwill last 45 minutes each ccan be attended freely dwill attract many readers()15.we can learn from the text that_. asports writers are a type of audience bthe new york times is popular cdenise grady will discuss politics dbook reviews may affect book sales（二）本文是广告阅读，主要介绍四项活动开展的时间、成员、主办者及活动的基本内容。11b细节理解题。比较四项活动举行的时间，可判断只有“new york writers, new york stories”在下午举行，故选b。12c细节理解题。根据第二个活动的介绍可判断选c。13a细节理解题。根据the art of the reviewhosted by sam tanenhaus, editor for the new york times book review.可判断选a。14b推理判断题。计算四项活动举行的时间可推断四项活动举行的时间都长达45分钟，故选b。15d推理判断题。根据how much of an effect does the book review have on book sales？join this group of critics(评论家) as they discuss the reality of book review and bestseller lists, and how they choose books for review可判断选d。科普知识型阅读理解(一)(一)when top engineers in germany wanted to build a more energyefficient car, they headed to the natural history museum to study dolphins and sharks. but it was the boxfish (盒子鱼)that interested them. “we were surprised when this clumsylooking fish became our model for designing an aerodynamic (空气动力学的)car”，says thomas weber. he is the research and development chief for the car company daimler. an aerodynamic design reduces wind drag and increases fuel efficiency. the boxfish may look clumsy, but it can start, stop，back up and zigzag (曲折前进)through the water with ease. and it does all this using surprisingly little energy. daimlers bionic (仿生学的)car is modeled on the fishs boxy skeletal (骨骼的) system. like the fish, the car is fast and drives easily. its efficient too. the science behind natureinspired inventions is called biomimicry (生物仿生). biologist janine benyus came up with the term. as cofounder of the biomimicry guild, she has worked with cereal companies，sneaker designers and others to develop products based on natures best ideas. this month，the natures 100 best list will be revealed at the world conservation congress (代表大会)in barcelona，spain. benyus coauthored the list of natureinspired designs with economist gunter pauli. in zimbabwe，a country in southern africa，engineers designed energyefficient buildings modeled on termite (白蚁)mounds (土堆). the buildings use vents (孔) to keep the air flowing and the temperature cool. a company in atlanta，us，developed a selfcleaning paint modeled on the lotus (荷花)leaf. when the paint dries，it becomes bumpy (不平的)，just like the lotus leaf. rain drops form on the bumps and roll off，carrying dirt along with them. nature has done billions of years of research. only the bestdesigned products have survived. companies owe mother nature a debt for all that hard work，says benyus. for scientists and inventors, the possibilities for copying nature are limitless. technology may never be as efficient as nature, or as colorful. but that doesnt mean we should stop trying to learn from the world around us. take a walk outside. watch a squirrel climb up a tree. look closely at the veins (纹理)of a leaf. hear the birds chirping in the trees. such small details may help solve big problems in the future.()6.which is true according to the passage? ain america a selfcleaning paint was modeled on the lotus flower. bzimbabwe engineers learned from termites to create highly advanced heating systems. cafter the boxfish，many other ideas of new products are borrowed from nature. dnature is a good source to turn to for improving technology.()7.the clumsylooking boxfish interested the scientists because of the following reasons except that_. ait swims using little energy bbeing boxy, it looks quite like a car csome engineers had researched on how to swim easily in the water dit is a speedy swimmer()8.why did top engineers in germany go to the natural history museum? athey wanted to pay a visit to the animals there because they were so lovely. bthey wanted to carry out a research of boxfish and dolphins. cthey wanted to search for a model to base on for building a moreefficient car. dthey wanted to study the science of survival.()9.we can infer all of the following from the passage except _. ait is believed that the creation of the airplane might have originated from the bird flying in the sky bthe atmosphere on the earth cannot be transferred into the original idea cdolphins and sharks may become the source of scientists，inventions or creations dif you observe and explore nature，you may make great discoveries or become great inventors()10.whats the main idea of the passage? ahow daimlers bionic car came into being. bnature has inspired a lot of inventions and will continue to. cscientists and inventors contribution to modern industry comes from nature. dthe natures 100 best list.(一)本文为科普说明文，主要介绍在生物仿生学上的一些运用实例。6d细节理解题。根据最后一段可推断大自然是开发技术的源泉，故选d。a项不符合a company in atlanta, us, developed a selfcleaning paint modeled on the lotus (荷花) leaf；b项不符合in zimbabwe, a country in southern africa, engineers designed energyefficient buildings modeled on termite (白蚁)mounds (土堆)；c项文章未提及。7c细节理解题。选项中a、b、d三项均符合第三段the boxfish may look clumsy, but it can start, stop, back up and zigzag (曲折前进)through the water with ease. and it does all this using surprisingly little energy. daimlers bionic (仿生学的)car is modeled on the fishs boxy skeletal (骨骼的) system.唯有c项不符合文意，故选c。8c细节理解题。根据第一段when top engineers in germany wanted to build a more energyefficient car, they headed to the natural history museum to study dolphins and sharks.可判断选c。9b推理判断题。本文主要介绍在生物仿生学上的一些运用实例，从而说明大自然是开发技术的源泉。a、c和d三项都符合生物仿生的道理，而b项无法从文中推断出来，故选b。10b主旨大意题。本文先是介绍生物仿生学的一些实际应用，而后在最后一段深化主题：大自然已经激发了很多发明，但我们仍需继续向大自然学习，故选b。【福建师大附中2013模拟】ehe wrote that the “human mind is capable of excitement without the application of gross(粗俗的) and violent stimulants(刺激物)”. and it appears that simply reading those words by william wordsworth proves his point.researchers at the university of liverpool found the works of shakespeare and wordsworth and the like had a beneficial effect on the mind, lifting the readers spirits by catching their attention and leading to moments of self-reflection.using equipment, they examined the brain activity of volunteers as they read pieces of classical english literature both in their original form and in a more simplified, modern translation.and, according to the sunday telegraph, the experiment showed the more “challenging” works set off far more electrical activity in the brain than the ordinary versions.the research also found poetry, in particular, increased activity in the right hemisphere (脑半球) of the brain, an area concerned with “autobiographical memory”, which helped the reader to reflect on and reevaluate their own experiences in light of what they had read. the academics said this meant the classics were more useful than self-help books.the brain responses of 30 volunteers was monitored in the first part of the research as they read shakespeare in its original and “modern” form.in one example, volunteers read a line from king lear, “a father and a gracious(仁慈的) aged man: him have you madded ”, before reading the simpler “a father and a gracious aged man: him you have enraged(使暴怒)”.shakespeares use of the adjective “mad” as a verb caused a h