高考英语阅读理解抓分练习题（53）.doc

2014高考英语阅读理解抓分练习题（53）及答案 washington: a research conducted at the university of maryland looks at the numerous complex reasons as to why young children decide to include or exclude (排斥) other kids from their group of friends. it suggests that the kids decision-making process is much more complex than previously believed. they take into account group information, ranging from cliques (小圈子) and networks, when deciding what makes a group work well. sometimes kids are excluded because they lack social skills, but a lot of time it has nothing to do with that. instead it has to do with what we refer to as group membership such as gender, race, nation, and culture, says professor melanie killen, the associate director of the centre for children relationships and culture at maryland, who led the 4-year project. reporting their findings in the journal, the researcher said whatever was the reason, individuals who experienced long-term exclusion (排斥) from the group of friends suffered from depression, anxiety and loneliness. the study looked at two models to define how children make decisions regarding acceptance of other kids in their group - the individual social deficit model and the inter-group social cognition (认同) model. while the former says that childrens rejection occurs due to social deficits like shyness, wariness or fearfulness, the latter says that it happens because of group dynamics, prejudice and exclusion. it was also found that the age of children was also a factor that influenced their decisions regarding other kids acceptance as friends. with age, kids become more aware of group dynamics, conventions, customs, and rituals. with this comes a greater concern about group functioning, which can lead to exclusion which can be negative from a social justice viewpoint, says killen. the researcher believes that her study may have many benefits, as it could provide insights into how to help when children are rejected by their peers.9. while making friends, kids think more about the following except _. a. social skills b. culture c. race d. gender10. the underlined word deficit in paragraph 5 may mean “_”. a. skill b. relationship c. weakness d. experience11. one of the major purposes of the research is to _. a. tell the reader how to tell inclusion from exclusion b. remind children to be careful while making friends c. seek ways to help kids excluded by their peers d. stop the children belonging to the inter-group social cognition model12. while making friends, children exclude those of social deficit model to _. a. keep their groups purer b. make their groups more socially powerful c. refuse other customs and cultures d. prove their groups to be strict13. the proper title for this passage is _.a. techniques of making friends b. social communication among kids c. making friends - a special culture d. kids complex way of making friends参考答案-accbd 【福建省南平一中2013三模】dits 10 pm. you may not know where your child is, but the chip(芯片) does. the chip will also know if your child has fallen and needs immediate help. once doctors arrive, the chip will also be able to tell them which drugs are not suitable for little johnny or janie. at the hospital, the chip will tell doctors his or her complete medical history. and of course, when you arrive to pick up your child, settling the hospital bill with your health insurance policy will be a simple matter of waving your own chip-the one embedded（植入） in your hand. to some, this may sound unbelievable. but the technology for such chips is no longer the stuff (东西) of science fiction. and it may soon offer many other benefits besides locating(定位) lost children or elderly patients. it could be used as credit cards and people wont have to carry wallets anymore. on the other hand, some are already wondering what this sort of technology may do to the sense of personal privacy and liberty. “any technology of this kind could result in improper use of personal privacy,” says lee tien, senior staff attorney for the electronic frontier foundation. “if a kid can be tracked, do you want other people to be able to track your kid? its a double-edged sword.”applied digital solutions, inc. in palm beach, florida, says it has recently applied to the food and drug administration for permission to begin testing its device in humans. about the size of a grain of rice, the microchip can be encoded (编码) with bits of information and embedded in humans under a layer (表层)of skin. when scanned by a nearby reader, the embedded chip gives the data.most embedded chip designs are so-called passive chips, which give information only when scanned by a nearby reader. but active chips-such as the proposed（被提议）digital angel of the future-will give out information all the time. and that means designers will have to develop some sort of power source that can provide a continuous source of energy, yet be small enough to be embedded with the chips.in addition to technical problems, many suspect that all sorts of legal and privacy issues would have to be cleared as well.68. by using the example in the first two paragraphs, the author wants to tell us that . a. chips are usually used to locate lost children b. chips are more convenient than credit cards c. chips will soon be useful in many aspects of daily lives d. chips will bring out the issue of abuse of personal privacy69. what is the attitude of lee tien towards the chips? a. negative. b. indifferent(冷漠的). c. arbitrary(随意的). d. cautious.70. which of the following statements about digital angel is not true? a. digital angel will include at least a chip and a power source. b. digital angel will soon be produced and replace passive chips. c. digital angel will be embedded in humans under a layer of skin. d. digital angel will give information without being scanned by a reader.71. it is indicated in the passage that chip producers have to consider the following issues except . a. financial problems b. technical problems c. legal problems d. privacy problems【参考答案】68-71 cdba from her first womens hat shop, opened in 1910, gabrielle coco chanel rose to become one of the most important fashion designers in paris. her fashion themes included simple suits and dresses, womens trousers, perfume (香水) and so on. she claimed a birth date of 1893 and a birthplace of auvergne; she was actually born in 1883 in saumur, though. her mother worked in a nursing home for pool people. gabrielle was born there. her mother died whet she was only six. she began to use the name coco during a brief career a, a cafe and concert singer from 1905 to 1908. by the 1920s，her fashion house had expanded greatly. her relaxing fashions, such as short skirts with casual look, were very different from the fashions popular in the formal decades. in 1922 chanel introduced a perfume, chanel no.5 which became very popular and still remains a popular product today. pierre wertheimer became her partner in the perfume business in 1924. wertheimer owned 70% of the company, coco chanel 10% and her friend, bader, 20%. the wertheimers continue to control the perfume company today. she briefly served as a nurse in world war i. the fashion business in paris was thus off for some years. in 1954 she came back and her womens clothing business returned to its former popularity. her natural, casual clothing once again caught the eye of women. she was still working in 1971 when she died.14. all of the following fashions belong to chanels design style except _ a. a comfortable suit b. a tight dress c. a short skirt d. a loose sweater15. the right order of the following events should be _ chanel began to do business with wertheimer. chanel served as a nurse. chanel worked as a singer. chanel introduced the perfume, chanel no. 5. a. b. c. d. 16. according to the passage, we can see that chanel _ a. was brought up by her father b. worked in a nursing home for some time c. earned more than wertheimer from the perfume companyd. had an active and creative mind参考答案-bcdwith nearly 22 percent of japans population already aged 65 years old or older. the rapidly aging population has caused many problems: a labor shortage, tax shortage and financial difficulties in paying health bills and pensions (养老金) of large numbers of the elderly. moreover, a growing number of older japanese are spending their golden years away from the care traditionally provided by children and grandchildren. thats where cutting-edge technology steps in. this technology is creating a care providing market. businessmen are using cutting-edge technology to create products to care for the countrys growing elderly population. they have been producing everything from easy-entry cars to remote-controlled beds. old people in japan can expect to be served food by a robot. they can also ride a voice-recognition wheelchair or even possibly hire a robot nurse. at a home-care exhibition in tokyo, many new products were shown. buyers crowded round a product called my spoon feeding robot. it can help elderly or disabled people to eat with a spoon-and-fork-fitted arm. operating a stick with his chin, the designer moved the arm toward a block of soft tofu, skillfully getting the fork to break off a small piece. the arm then returned to a set position in front of his mouth, allowing him to bite and swallow. its all about making people able to help themselves. we want to give the elderly control over their own lives, the designer said. the company has already sold 300 of the feeding robots, which cost $3,500 each. there is also a car designed for easy entry. it is mainly for people who have to use wheelchairs or those who have difficulty walking. its slogan is, a car thats more patient than your daughter.17. the underlined word cutting-edge in paragraph 1 most probably means _.a. old b. advanced c. cost-saving d. cheap18. the rapidly aging population in japan _. a. are interested in inventing robot nurses b. causes a decrease in labor force and an increase in tax c. strengthens the relationship between family members d. promotes the development of japans care providing technology19. my spoon feeding robot_.a. has not come on the market yet b. cannot use a forkc. helps the elderly eat d. can operate a stick with its chin20. what is the passage mainly talking about?a. the development of technology in japan.b. an invention my spoon feeding robot.c. robots can help elderly japanese.d. the rapidly aging population in japan.参考答案 bdcc【福建省南平一中2013三模】ewe find that bright children are rarely held back by mixed ability teaching. on the contrary, both their knowledge and experience are enriched. we feel that there are many disadvantages in streaming(把按能力分班) pupils. it does not take into account the fact that children develop at different rates. it can have a bad effect on both the bright and the not-so-bright child. after all，it can be quite discouraging to be at the bottom of the top grade！besides, it is rather unreal to grade pupils just according to their intellectual(智力的) ability. this is only one aspect of their total personality. we are concerned to develop the abilities of all our pupils to the full, not just their academic ability. we also value personal qualities and social skills, and we find that mixed-ability teaching contributes to all these aspects of learning.in our classrooms, we work in various ways. the pupils often work in groups: this gives them the opportunity to learn to co-operate, to share, and to develop leadership skills. they also learn how to deal with personal problems as well as learning how to think, to make decisions, to analyze and evaluate, and to communicate effectively in order to have the ability to become leaders. the pupils learn from each other as well as from the teacher.sometimes the pupils work in pairs；sometimes they work on individual (个人的) tasks , and they can do this at their own speed. they also have some formal class teaching when this is suitable. we enc