高中英语 Unit13 Lessons12 Words Expressions练习 北师版必修5.doc

words expressionsgain【语境展示】阅读下面句子，并试着归纳gain的意思及用法。1. the country gained its independence ten years ago.2. there is much to be gained from seeking expert advice early.3. she hopes to gain experience from / by working abroad for a year.4. the painting has gained in value since they bought it. 5. my watch has gained ten minutes over the last twenty-four hours.6. we have seen impressive gains in productivity over the last twelve months. 7. these policies have resulted in great gains in public health.【自我归纳】gain既可作动词也可作名词。gain作动词时，意为：_（句1）；受益，得到（好处）（常与from连用）（句2）；（逐渐）获得，增加（常与from, by或in连用）（句3、句4）；（钟表）走快（句5）。 gain作名词时，意为：增长，改进（常与in连用）（句6）；收益，利益（句7）。 【即学即练】写出下面画线单词的词性及意思。1. in her final exam she gained a b grade. _ _2. news on new home sales is brighter, showing a gain of nearly 8% in june. _ _3. the clock on my computer gains a minute every day. _ _ 4. it is a policy that will bring great gains to all sections of the community. _ _5. there is a lot to be gained from schools working together. _ _6. the youngsters gradually gain confidence in their abilities. _ _draw up【归纳】draw up意为：（车辆）到达某处停下，停止；制订，起草; 使靠近。如：a car drew up, and a smartly dressed lady got out. the lawyer has drawn up the agreement. draw up your chair and lets have a chat. 【拓展】常见的含draw的短语有：draw back：移开，后退；退缩，撤销，撤回（常与from连用）。如： the crowd drew back to let the firemen through. we drew back from taking our neighbours to court.draw in意为“（天黑）渐早，（白昼）渐短”。如： in october the nights start drawing in.【即学即练】用合适的介词/副词填空。1. draw _ a list of all the things you want to do.2. the children drew _ from the dog when it barked at them.3. the days are drawing _ as winter approaches.4. i saw a taxi draw _ outside the hotel. predict【语境展示】阅读下面句子，并试着归纳predict的意思及用法。1. its impossible to accurately predict the future. 2. she predicted that the improvement would continue.3. davis said it couldnt predict how long it will take to return to normal conditions.4. the hurricane (飓风) is predicted to reach the coast tomorrow morning.【自我归纳】predict是动词，意为“_”，其后可接名词（句1）或从句（句2、句3）；也可用于be predicted to do sth.结构（句4），此句型仅用于被动语态。【拓展】prediction n.意为“预言，预测，预告”。predictable adj.意为“可预见的，可预料的”。【即学即练】根据汉语意思补全下面句子（每空一词）。1. 要预测出谁将获胜是不可能的。its impossible to _ _ _ _.2. 预计韩国将成为最受中国游客喜欢的目的地之一。korea _ _ _ _ one of the most popular destinations for chinese tourists.deserve【语境展示】阅读下面句子，并试着归纳deserve的意思及用法。1. she deserves a reward for her efforts. 2. that good-hearted girl married her prince finally.shedeserved it.3. its true she made a mistake but she hardly deserves to lose her job.【自我归纳】deserve是动词，意为“_”，其后可接名词（句1）、代词（句2）或不定式（句3）。注意：deserve之后也可接动词-ing形式, 此时动词-ing形式的主动形式表示被动意义，即： deserve doing = deserve to be done。如：he deserves praising for his contribution to the company. = he deserves to be praised for his contribution to the company.【拓展】deserving adj.意为“值得的，应得的”。如：the money should be given to a deserving cause.【即学即练】根据汉语意思补全下面句子（每空一词）。1. 这位战士的英勇行为值得嘉奖。the soldier _ _ _ for his acts of bravery. 2. 你做的这些好事定会给你带来幸福。you _ _ _ happy for all the good things you do.associate【语境展示】阅读下面句子，并试着归纳associate的意思及用法。1. jackie chen is closely associated in the public mind with action movies. 2. i always associate the smell of baking with my childhood.3. mr. black has been associate professor of english and will be made full professor this term.4. she was only the associate producer of the movie.5. the thief and his associates were caught by the police.【自我归纳】 associate作动词时，意为“_”，常与with连用（句1、句2）。associate作形容词时，意为“非正式的，副的”（常用于头衔）（句3、句4）。associate作名词时，意为“伙伴”（句5）。【拓展】association n.意为“联想，协会，联合，联系”，多用作可数名词。如：the seaside had all sorts of pleasant associations with childhood holidays for me.do you belong to any professional associations?this event was organized in association with the local government.【即学即练】根据括号内的汉语提示补全下面句子。1. in the childrens minds summer _ (和联系起来) picnics.2. mr. green is _ (副主编) of the newspaper.3. there has always been _ (密切联系) between these two schools.accuse【语境展示】阅读下面句子，并试着归纳accuse的意思及用法。1. it wasnt my fault.dont worry. im not accusing you.2. angry people accused the government of incompetence (不称职).3. villagers accused the company of destroying their fields.【自我归纳】accuse是动词，意为“_”，常用结构：accuse sb.（句1）；accuse sb. of (doing) sth.（句2、句3）。【辨析】accuse, charge, blameaccuse指当面指责或指控某人的过错或罪行，可用于一般意义上的指责或责难，也可用于法律意义上的指控或控告，常与of连用。如：he accused me of taking the money.charge常与accuse换用，但charge多指因犯较大错误或重大罪行而进行正式的法律指控，常与with连用。如：the policeman caught up with the car and charged the driver with speeding.blame指由于错误、过失而指责别人，侧重指对产生的不良后果负有责任，常与for连用。如：toms mother blamed him for breaking the window.【即学即练】根据汉语意思补全下面句子（每空一词）。1. 我们都指责他的不道德行为。 we all _ _ _ his immoral behavior. 2. 这家公司被控告没有缴纳税款。the company _ _ _ not _ its taxes. aboard【语境展示】阅读下面句子，并试着归纳aboard的意思及用法。1. they were the last two to goaboardthe ship.2. little tom and the sailors spent two monthsaboard.3. all aboard! (= the bus, boat etc. is leaving soon)【自我归纳】aboard可作_或副词，意为“在（船、飞机、火车、公共汽车等）上，上（船、飞机、火车、公共汽车等）”（句1、句2）。常用搭配：all aboard!请大家上车（船等）！（表示马上就要开了）（句3）。【辨析】aboard, board, abroadaboard作副词时可与on board互换。如：many of the tourists aboard (= on board) had begun bargaining with the tradesman. board作动词时，意为“上船（或火车、飞机、公共汽车等）”。如：we are asked to board half an hour before the plane takes off.abroad是副词，意为“在国外，到国外”。如：all his three sons came backfrom abroadlast month. 【即学即练】选用aboard, board或abroad填空。1. my brother has never been _ before, so he is finding this trip to rome very exciting.2. the official checked their names off as they went_the plane. 3. passengers were standing in the airport, waiting to _.desire【语境展示】阅读下面句子，并试着归纳desire的意思及用法。1. with a strong desire for knowledge, jessica studies hard in college.2. a lot of people have expressed a desire to see the report.3. the people in two countries expressed their desire that the war (should) come to an end soon.4. the hotel had everything you could possibly desire.5. diana has long desired to meet the famous professor.6. his teacher desires him to complete the work within three days.7. nina desired that she (should) go back to her motherland before she died.【自我归纳】desire既可作名词也可作动词，意为“期望，渴望，要求”。desire作名词时，常用搭配：desire _ sth.（句1）；desire to do sth.（句2）；desire + that引导的同位语从句，从句谓语用“should +动词原形”，should可以省略（句3）。desire作动词时，常用搭配：desire sth.（句4）；desire to do sth.（句5）；desire sb. to do sth.（句6）；desire + that引导的_从句，从句谓语用“should +动词原形”，should可以省略（句7）。【即学即练】翻译下面句子。1. 我们都渴望幸福和健康。_2. 彼得是一个有强烈权力欲的年轻人。_3. 他的妈妈要求他在六点前回家。_