高考英语阅读理解抓分训练（71）.doc

2014高考英语阅读理解抓分训练（71）及答案阅读理解the arctic is one of the few places in the world untouched by pollution where you can use its beautiful nature. join our ship the northern star from 2 to 18 july, for a 17-day voyage to the arctic. during the voyage you are able to relax yourself. there are no parties or film-shows to attend, quizzes to enter, or entertainers to watch. however, we do have specialists on board who are willing to answer any of your questions about the arctic.after setting off from scotland, we go north along the coast of norway to bear island. along the way youll see thousands of seabirds and wonderful scenery, with rivers of ice and huge cliffs. you will have the chance to see polar bears and other arctic animals. although we have a timetable, experience has shown that we may have to change our direction a little, depending on the weather.the northern star is a very special ship and our past voyages have been very popular. our cabins all have the same excellent facilities. our chefs are happy to prepare any food for people on special diets. if you need some exercise, why not do some swimming in the indoor pool?prices include economy class air travel and 16 nights on the northern star, all meals and all lectures.day 1: board the northern star.day 2-7: we sail slowly north along the coast of norway, stopping at places of interest.day 8: tromse. you need to get up at sunrise to see the whales as we sail towards tromse. visit tromse to see the artic museum and the beautiful old wooden houses. in the evening we sail away along the west coast to bird island, which is excellent for bird- watching.day 9-10: bear island. we arrive there in the early evening. bear island once had an active fishing industry, but today little of this remains.day 11-16: spitsbergena place of mountains and rivers of ice. it is home to a large variety of animals.day 17: leave the ship in spitsbergen and fly to london from tromse.17. which of the following is true according to the passage?a. many different activities are organized on boardb. the voyage starts from scotland.c. the ship follows a fixed route.d. there are different types of accommodations.18. where can you see different kinds of animals?a. tromseb. bear islandc. bird island d. spitsbergen19. bear island used to be_.a. a busy fishing centerb. a place of interestc. a shopping centerd. a place for bird-watching20. whats the writers aim of writing the passage?a. introducing the artic.b. arranging a trip.c. describing the ship.d. advertising a trip to the arctic.参考答案1720、bdad 第三部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(a、b、c、d)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。a(2012吉林市一模)parttime front desk positionkirchoff, inc., a book development company, is looking for a parttime front desk office worker. this position is perfect for a person who is cheerful, dependable，and pleasant to work with. also, you should be able to welcome guests, redirect phone calls, and take messages. more importantly, you can stay cool under pressure. you are expected to work 500600 pm weekdays. you need to fill in some forms if you are interested.forms can be collected atkirchoff, inc.866 united nations plaza, # 525new york，ny 10017important points to remember when swimming wait at least an hour after meals. follow the advice of lifeguards. dont dive into unknown waters. always swim in line with the shore. find out at the seaside when and where it is safe to swim. dont use floating toys on the water. wind can easily sweep them out to sea. get out of the water if you feel tired or cold. cold can kill even strong swimmers.help telephone: 2125435902atlantic city beach officearrive on time.introduce yourself in a polite manner.read company materials while you wait.have a firm handshake.listen.use body language to show interest.smile and nod to the interviewer.ask about the next thing you should do.thank the interviewer.write a thankyou letter to anyone you have spoken to.for more information, please visit 368 cooper square，new york. ny 1000856what does a person need most to be fit for the onehour weekday job?ahe should be cheerful, dependable, and easygoing.bhe has to work from monday to friday.che can remain calm in a difficult situation.dhe can welcome guests and deal with phone calls.答案：c细节理解题。根据第一个广告中的第五行， 注意提干中的“most”。57according to the above information, what is the right thing to do when you swim?a. to keep close to the beach. b. to dive into unknown waters.c. to use floating toys on the water. d. to swim soon after lunch.答案：a细节理解题。根据第二个广告中的第三点。58the best title for the last piece of information would be_.a. tips on showing interest in a jobb. steps to a successful interviewc. advice on introducing yourself politelyd. rules of body language in an interview答案：b主旨大意题。根据最后一个广告的总体内容，尤其是第七点和第九点有提示。b(2012稳派教育新课改质检)while both europe and the united states of america are considered the western world, europeans and americans differ in many ways.metric(公制的)system.the metric system is taught in american schools. however, most people in the united states use the old english imperial(英制的) system of measure which includes yards, feet, miles, pounds, and fahrenheit. european countries, however, use the metric system which is meters, grams, liters, and celsius.time and history.for example, a house in the united states that is 200 years old would be considered ancient. this is probably because america is a fairly young country. however, in europe, something would not be considered ancient unless it was at least 2,000 years old.education and political issues.in america, parents may save for many years and even go into debt to pay for their children to attend college. most schools and universities in europe, however, are free of tuition. in fact, it when referring to alcohol, soft drinks and drugs, europeans do not take them major issues. in america, however, those things are regularly debated. americans are allowed to have firearms, while this is illegal in europe. the average age for driving in europe is eighteen years of age, but sixteen in the us.food.european countries tend to be more cultural in their dishes, with specialties that are localized(地方特色的). their meals are generally more balanced than americans and they eat less fast food. they also enjoy eating more cheese, yogurt and wines than americans. religion. many americans think of church as a social event. in the united states, politicians frequently mention god, the bible, and religion. quite the opposite is true in europe. there is a very strict separation between politics and religion in europe, politicians there never mention religion.文章大意：美国与欧洲尽管都是西方国家，但两者在度量衡、历史观、政治问题及宗教等方面存在分歧。59what is true about europeans?a. they use fahrenheit instead of celsius.b. they eat more fast food than americans.c. they consider attending college an advantage.d. they think it illegal to take firearms.答案：d细节理解题。文章第四段倒数第二句说“americans are allowed to have firearms, while this is illegal in europe.”，即在欧洲持枪是非法的，因此d项正确。60we can infer from the passage that_ a. there are many ancient buildings in europe.b. europeans are eating more healthily than americans.c. europeans can drive at a relatively younger age.d. europeans take going to church part of their social life.答案：b推理判断题。根据文章第五段第二句“their meals are generally more balanced than americans and they eat less fast food”可以判断，欧洲人的饮食比美国人更健康。61how many aspects were compared in the passage?a. six. b. five.c. seven. d. four.答案：a细节理解题。文章围绕度量衡、历史观、教育、政治问题、饮食、宗教等六个方面对欧洲与美国进行了对比，因此a项正确。62what is this passage mainly about?a. similarities and differences b. a young countryamericac. one world, different waysd. a safer and healthier europe答案：c主旨大意题。综合全文内容分析判断，尽管美国与欧洲各有特点，但它们都是西方国家。故选c。the british psychoanalyst john bowlby maintains that separation from the parents during the sensitive “attachment” period from birth to three may scar a childs personality and predispose to emotional problems in later life. some people have drawn the conclusion from bowlbys work that children should not be subjected to day care before the age of three because of the parental separation it entails， and many people do believe this. but there are also arguments against such a strong conclusion. firstly, anthropologists point out that the insulated love affair between children and parents found in modern societies does not usually exist in traditional societies. for example， we saw earlier that among the ngoni the father and mother of a child did not rear their infant alonefar from it. secondly， common sense tells us that day care would not so widespread today if parents， caretakers found children had problems with it. statistical studies of this kind have not yet been carried out， and even if they were， the results would be certain to be complicated and controversial.thirdly， in the last decade， there have been a number of careful american studies of children in day care， and they have reported that day care had a neutral or slightly positive effect on childrens development. but tests that have had to be used to measure this development are not widely enough accepted to settle the issue. but bowlbys analysis raises the possibility that early day care has delayed effects. the possibility that such care might lead to, say，more mental illness or crime 15 or 20 years later can only be explored by the use of statistics. whatever the long-term effects, parents sometimes find the immediate effects difficult to deal with. children under three are likely to protest at leaving their parents and show unhappiness. at the age of three or three and a half almost all children find the transition to nursery easy，and this is undoubtedly why more and more parents make use of child care at this time. the matter， then，is far from clear-cut，though experience and available evidence indicate that early care is reasonable for infants.11.this passage primarily argues that _.a infants under the age of three should not be sent to nursery schools.b whether children under the age of three should be sent to nursery schools.c there is not negative long-term effect on infants who are sent to school before they are three.d there is some negative effect on children when they are sent to school after the age of three.12.the phrase “predispose to” （para. 1，line 2） most probably means _.a tend to suffer b get into c get into dispose to d lead to13.according to bowlbys analysis，it is quite possible that _.a childrens personalities will be changed to some extent through separation from their parents.b children will be exposed to many negative effects from early day care later on.c early day care can delay the occurrence of mental illness in children. d some long-term effects can hardly be reduced from childrens development.14.it is implied but not stated in the second paragraph that _.a traditional societies separate the child from the parent at an early age.b children in modern societies cause more troubles than those in traditional societies.c a child did not live together with his parents among the ngoni.d children in some societies did not have emotional problems when separated from the parents.15.the writer concludes that _.a it is difficult to make clear what is the right age for nursery school.b it is not settled now whether early care is reasonable for children.c it is not beneficial for children to be sent to nursery school.d it is reasonable to subject a child above three to nursery school.参考答案 bbbcd2.（2011安徽卷）egeorge prochnik would like the world to put a sock in it. he makes his case in a new book, listening for meaning in a world of noise. here he explains himself (using his indoor voice):“weve become so accustomed to noise, theres almost a deep prejudice against the idea that silence might be beneficial. if you tell someone to be quiet, you sound like an old man. but its never been more important to find continuing quiet. silence focuses us, improves our health, and is a key to lasting peace and satisfaction.”“we need to excite people about the sounds you start to hear if you merely quiet things down a little. during a japanese tea ceremony, the smallest sounds become a kind of artthe spoons making a light ringing sound on a bowl, the edges of a kimono(和服)brushing against the floor.”“deaf people are very attentive(专注的)in almost every aspect of life. if two deaf people are walking together, using sign language, they constantly watch out for each other and protect each other by paying steady attention to the other. they are connected yet also fully aware of their surroundings. even deaf teenagers! we in the hearing world can learn from them. if we remove the powerful blasts(一阵阵)of noise, we become aware of an extraordinarily rich world around usof little soft sounds and the sound of footsteps, of bird songs and ice cracking(开裂声). its astonishing how beautiful things sound when you can really listen. ”【文章大意】文章介绍了george prochnik的新著listening for meaning in a world of noise和他的观点：在喧嚣的世界中创造一方不太纷扰的环境，这个世界会更美好。72. what does the phrase “to put a sock in it” in paragraph 1 probably mean?a. to be quiet b. to be colorful c. to be full of love d. to be attentive to someone【解析】选a。词义理解题。根据第二段作者的观点silence focuses us, improves our health, and is a key to lasting p