高考英语二轮 单项选择+冠词专练.docVIP

2013高考英语：二轮单项选择+冠词专练（答案、解析）（ ）61. can i look at the menu for a few minutes before i decide? of course. _ , sir. a. take your time b. it doesnt matterc. enjoy yourself d. make yourself at home（ ）62. why _ you be talking so loudly while others are studying? i am terribly sorry. a. shallb. must c. willd. may（ ）63. i find it astonishing that john _be so rude to me. not astonishing at all. he is always rude to others. a. should b. must c. might d. ought to（ ）64. what does the sign over there read? no person _ smoke or carry a lighted cigarette, cigar or pipe in this area. a. must b. may c. shall d. will（ ）65. with the nuclear crisis(危机)worsening in iran, the worlds attention is fixed again on _ is called the middle east. a. which b. what c. that d. it（ ）66. a reading room is _ you can read newspapers and magazines as well as books. a. in which b. that c. where d. the place（ ）67. the latest uk official studies show _ fewer teenagers are now studying foreign languages. a. what b. which c. that d. whether（ ）68. _of the people on the net _chinas economy is among the strongest in the world. a. four-fifth; believes b. four-fifth; believec. four-fifths; believe d. four-fifths; believes（ ）69. the lake is calm and clear, and one of the things that _ in the water is the famous tower. a. reflects b. reflectc.is reflected d. are reflected（ ）70. an experienced doctor usually judges a patients illness according to the various _. a. signsb. symptoms c. signalsd. marks（ ）71.the key you have just got_ the front door. a. is used to opening b. is used to be opened c. is used to being opened d. is used to open （ ）72. some wild species are being _ from _. a. protected; dying down b. preventing; dying outc. protected; dying out d. prevented; dying down（ ）73.it would be unwise to _ too much significance _ these opinion differences. a. attach; tob. refer; to c. apply; tod. attend; to（ ）74. i cant remember it clearly, it may be 300_ . a. aboutb. round c. or sod. around（ ）75.none of us expected the chairman to _ at the party. we thought he was still in hospital. a.turn on b. turn ove c. turn up d. turn down （ ）76. he played a trick _alice and he had to apologize _ treating her _ a nice lunch. a. on; for; to b. in; by; to c. on; by; to d. on; by; with（ ）77.when _ a new word, youd better _ a dictionary. a. come across; refer to b. coming across; consultc. coming across; look up d. come across; consult （ ）78. who is your favourite basketball player in china? yao ming, of course. no one plays _ . a. better b. best c. good d. well （ ）79. the international agreement, _ encourage children not to smoke and help people kick the habit, was signed on february 27. a.intending to b. being intended toc. intended to d. to intend to（ ）80. fortunately, i was just _ to catch the last bus to the hotel. a. at times b. about c. in time d. too late 参考答案61-65 abacb 66-70 cccdb 71-75dcacc 76-80 cbacc*结束*结束【2013高考考纲解读】冠词是历年各地高考必考语言点之一。就考查题型而言，以单项选择为主，有时在短文改错中出现。冠词在高考中的重点考查内容有：1. 以考查冠词的基础用法为重点（特指，类指，泛指）, 熟记定冠词和零冠词的特殊用法；2. 和某些抽象名词连用，使其具体化将成为考查重点；3. 理解有无冠词意义不同的词组；4. 对冠词的灵活运用即一些固定短语，特殊句式将仍旧会出现在高考试卷中。【重点知识整合】一、不定冠词的主要用法不定冠词a (an)与数词one 同源，是“一个”的意思。以发音为准，a用于辅音音素前，而an则用于元音音素前。u表示“同一”，相当于the same.如：birds of a feather flock together; people of a kind fall into the same group. 物以类聚，人以群分。cotton of a kind was stored together in a house.(a kind=the same kind) 表示“每”，相当于per. 如：three times a day 表示“一”，相当于one. 如：ill be back in a day or two. 表示“某一个”，相当于a certain或some,如： -sorry, wrong number. there isnt a mr. smith here. v用在某些物质名词或抽象名词前，表示“一种、一类、一份、一场、一阵.”的含义，如： a rainstorm was on the way. 一场暴雨就要来临。 it is an honour to be invited to the meeting.应邀参加这次会议是一件幸事。 please give me a black coffee! 请给我来杯不加牛奶的咖啡！【2013届山西大学附中1月考】2. we dont think the experiment is _ failure. at least we have gained _ experience for future success. a. the; a b. a; / c. a; an d. the; thew用在被修饰语限定的独一无二的东西前，如： we all hope to have a peaceful and friendly world.x用在被修饰语限定的季节，月份，日期，三餐前，如： on a cold rainy night , the poor man was dragging himself on a street alone. what a wonderful lunch! i enjoy it very much.y用在以下几类固定搭配中。 类（一）动词短语：have a swim /walk /talk /dance /look /quarrel 类（二）介、副词短语：as a rule作为习惯 once in a while偶尔,不时 in a minute一会儿 in a word简言之 get in a word插话 all of a sudden突然 as a result (of)由于，因为 in a hurry匆忙地 be at a loss不知所措 as a matter of fact 实际上 eat at a mouthful 一口吃下 one(two, three.)at a time一次一个（两个，三个.） 类（三）习惯搭配：what a / such a/ quite a/ rather a+ adj+单数可数名词 too/ as/ so/how /however +adj +a(n)+单数可数名词 it is too good a chance to be lost.（机不可失，失不在来） however difficult a task it may be, we must finish on time.（无论任务多困难， 我们必须按时完成） 类（四）特殊结构：a + most 表示“非常，很”；the + most 表示“最.” a + 序数词，表示“又一，再一”；the + 序数词，表示“第.”【2013届北京西城区高三期末试题】35the worried lady made _ second thorough search of her pockets before finding _purse on the tableaa, the ba, a cthe, the dthe, a this is a most interesting story. 这是一个非常有趣的故事。this is the most interesting story. 这是最有趣的一个故事。he had decided to give it up, but on a second thought he decided to try a third time.他已经决定放弃，但是转念一想，决定再试一次。【2013届山东泰安一中12月考】35. which of the two english fi1ms do you like better? shorter one, of course. i think its really most instructive one.a. a；the b. the；the c. the；a d. a；a1) 表示一个，意为one；指某人或某物，意为a certain。 a mr. ling is waiting for you. 2) 代表一类人或物。 a knife is a tool for cutting with. mr. smith is an engineer.3) 用在抽象名词之前表示具体介绍:是什么样的人，是什么样的事物，使本来的抽象名词具体化，使之具有了“一”的概念。the house is full of joy.the little girl is a joy to her parents. (令人高兴的人或物)failure is the mother of success.he is a success. （一个成功的人或物）he gave me a lot of pleasure.it is a pleasure to work with you. （一件令人愉快的事情）she looked up in surprise.what a great surprise you gave me. （一件令人惊讶的事情）knowledge is power. he has a wide knowledge of animals. （一门的知识）he received little education/ a good education. （一种的教育）某些物质名词也可以和不定冠词连用，而变成具体化的名词。例如i like coffee.would you like a coffee? (一杯咖啡)i has just had lunch.i has just had a big lunch. (一顿丰盛的午餐)4）词组或成语。 a little / a few / a lot / a type of / a pile / a great many / many a / as a rule / in a hurry / in a minute / in a word / in a short while / after a while / have a cold / have a try / keep an eye on / all of a sudden 【考题示例】we can never expect bluer sky unless we create less polluted world. a. a; a b. a; the c. the; a d. the; the 【2013届山东枣庄三中1月考】29. babies are not born with _ moral sense. they cannot tell _ difference between right and wrong.a. the; the b. a; a c. a; the d. 不填; a二、定冠词的主要用法u特指或第二次提到的事物前；表示单数发明物的名词前(the phone, the car.) alexander graham bell invented the telephone in 1876.v用于姓氏复数前 the wangs will come to beijin tomorrow.w用于乐器名称前she plays the violin but gives lessons on the piano.(作为课程或演奏的乐器) 比较：he bought a piano the other day.(普通的事物名称)x用于表示计量单位的名词前 he got paid by the hour/theday/week/month/year/dozen.但by height/ volume /weight不用冠词y用于方位和时间名词前 on the right/left ； in the east/south ； in the direction of； in the daytime in the middle of the day. 但towards evening/sunset ；at noon/night/sunrise不用冠词z笼统地谈及生活中常见、熟悉的事物名词前 the nigh / future/ seaside when you come here for your holiday next time, dont go to the hotel. 受定语修饰的抽象名词前 she is playing the music written by the professor. im sorry not to have taken the advice he gave me.|在某些习惯用语前take sb by the arm抓住某人的胳膊 pat sb on the haed拍在某人的肩上 tell the truth讲实话 on the other hand另一方面 the sooner.the better越快越好 on the whole总的来说on the air在广播 the other day几天前 on the contrary 相反的 in the distance在远处定冠词the与指示代词this，that同源，有“那（这）个”的意思，但较弱，可以和一个名词连用，来表示某个或某些特定的人或东西。1. 表示特指和第二次提到的人或物。2. 表示世界上独一无二的事物。3. 用在序数词、形容词最高级前面。4. 用在江河湖海、山脉、群岛、海峡、沙漠等地理名词前。5. 用在形容词或过去分词前表示一类人。6. 用在表示国家和民族的形容词前表示泛指该国的人民。7. 用在姓氏的复数前，表示该夫妇俩或全家人。8. 乐器、通讯设备前一定要加定冠词。9. 用于某些缩略词之前。 the prc10. 用在表示发明物的单数可数名词之前。11. 固定搭配。 in the morning on the other hand【考题示例】i dont understand what the engineer means, but ive got _ rough idea of _ project plan.a. the; a b. 不填； the c. the；不填 d. a; the【2013届黑龙江哈九中12月考】21. keep _ record of _ mistakes you make - itll help you avoid making the same ones later.a. /; the b. a; the c. the; / d. the; the三、不用冠词的情况：1）国名，人名前通常不用定冠词：england，mary；2）泛指的复数名词，表示一类人或事物时，可不用定 冠词；they are teachers. 他们是教师。3）抽象名词表示一般概念时，通常不加冠词；failure is the mother of success.失败乃成功之母4）物质名词表示一般概念时，通常不加冠词，当表示特定的意思时，需要加定冠词；man cannot live without water. 人离开水就无法生存。 5）在季节、月份、节日、 假日、日期、星期等表示时间的名词之前，不加冠词； we go to school from monday to friday. 我们从星期一到星期五都上课。6）在称呼或表示官衔，职位的名词前不加冠词； the guards took the american to general lee. 士兵们把这个美国人送到李将军那里。7）在三餐饭、球类运动和娱乐运动的名称前，不加冠词 如：have breakfast，play chess 但如果三餐饭的名词前有形容词修饰，则需要加冠词。如：have a big breakfast8）当两个或两个以上名词并用时，常省去冠词；i cant write without pen or pencil. 没有钢笔和铅笔，我就写不了字。9）当by 与火车等交通工具连用，表示一种方式时， 中间无冠词；by bus，by train； 10）有些个体名词不用冠词；如： school，college，prison，market，hospital，bed， table，class，town，church，court 等个体名词，直 接置于介词后，表示该名词的深层含义； go to hospital去医院看病 go to the hospital 去医院 (并不一定去看病) 11)不用冠词的序数词；a. 序数词前有物主代词 b. 序数词作副词 he came first in the race.c. 在固定词组中 at (the) first, first of all, from first to last 12）在复习过程中注意不带冠词的短语和习惯用语。13）特别注意加冠词和不加冠词的意义区别。如： go to hospital - go to the hospital at table - at the table in charge of - in the charge of out of question - out of the question注：有无定冠词，意义迵异的短语无冠词有冠词by day在白天in case of以防in front of在的正前面in hospital住院in charge of负责，管理in prison坐牢in bed卧床in class在上课in office执政in future（从今以后）全部将来in red穿红衣，用红色墨水in black穿黑衣，用黑色墨水in sight (of)看见in secret秘密，私下sit at table坐下吃饭go to sea=become a sailor当水手go to school上学go to college上大学go to church做礼拜go to bed睡觉go to court起诉go to market买东西go to town进城（买东西）go to prison入狱keep house当家live on farm务农leave school辍学on board坐船（车）on earth在地球上，究竟，到底out of office离岗out of question毫无疑问on land在陆地上take part in参加take place发生，举行two of us我们当中其中两人in possession of拥有in view of考虑到，鉴于，由于in mass全部（地），整个地in kind如数照常、用同样手段，在 种类上in issue在议论中，在争论中by the day按天计算in the case of就来说in the front of在里面的前部in the hospital在那所医院（住院或工作）in the charge of由负责，由管理in the prison在那所监狱in the bed在床上in the class在这个班里in the office在办公室里in the future将来某时in the red负债in the black有盈余in the sight of在看来in the secret参与秘密sit at the table坐在桌旁go to the sea到海边去go to the school去学校（不一定上学学习）go to the college到大学去go to the church去教堂go to the bed去床边go to the court去法院go to the market去市场go to the town到城里去go to the prison去监狱keep the house留在家中live on the farm住在农场leave the school离校on the boards当演员on the earth在地球上out of the office离开办公室out of the question=impossible不可能的on the land在土地上take the part of扮角色take the place of代替，取代the two of us就我们两人in the possession of为所有in the view of在看来in the mass一般说来，总体上in a kind有几分，在某种程度上in the issue结果，最终【考题示例】【2013届四川省成都石室中学高三一诊】1. would you mind giving your advice on how to improve our business management? if you make _ most of the modern equipment, there will be _ rise in production. a. /; / b. the; a c. /; a d. the; /some people fear that _ air pollution may bring about changes in _ weather around the world. a. /; the b. the; / c. an; the d. the; a 此外，还需注意下面三个问题： 1、quite，rather与单数名词连用，冠词放在其后。但当rather，quite 前仍有形容词，不定冠词放其前后均可。如：quite a lot 2、 在as，though 引导的让步状语从句中，当标语为形容词修饰的名词时，不定冠词放形容词后： brave a man though he is，he trembles at the sight of snakes. 他尽管勇敢，可见到蛇还是发抖。3、当名词被比较级形容词修饰时，不定冠词通常置于比较级形容词之后。 【高频考点突破】考点1 考查不定冠词a/an表示个别或泛指的用法how about taking_short break? i want to make_call.a. the; a b. a; the c. the; the d. a; a christmas is_special holiday when_whole family are supposed to get together. a. the; the b. a; a c. the; a d. a; the 考点2 考查定冠词the特指某一个人或事物的用法i looked under_bed and found _books i lost last week. a. the; a b. the；the c. 不填；the d. the; 不填 i like_color of your skirt. it is _ good match for your blouse. a. a; the b. a; a c. the; a d. the; the 考点3 考查不定冠词及零冠词的习惯搭配george couldnt remember when he first met mr. anderson, but he was sure it was sunday because everybody was at church. a. /; the b. the; / c. a; / d. /; a many people have come to realize that they should go on_balanced diet and make_room in their day for exercise. a. a; / b. the; a c. the; the d. /; a 考点4 考查不定冠词在具体化的抽象名词前的用法many people have come to realize that they should go on balanced diet and make room in their day for exercise.a.a;不填 b.the; a c.the; the d.不填; ahow about _christmas evening party? i should say it was _success. a. a; a b. the; a c. a; 不填 d. the; 不填 考点5 考查在名词前用不用冠词意义的不同we went right round to the west coast by sea instead of driving across continent. a. the; the b.不填;the c. the; 不填 d.不填;不填george couldnt remember when he first met mr. anderson, but he was sure it was sunday because everybody was at church.a./; the b. the; / c. a; / d./; a类似的词组：by day在白天 by the day按天计算in case of以防 in the case of就来说in charge of负责，管理 in the charge of由负责in office执政 in the office在办公室in sight(of)看见 in the sight(of)在看来go to sea去当水手 go to the sea到海边去out of question毫无疑问 out of the question不可能take advice征求意见 take the advice听从劝告be of age成年 be of all age同龄go to church去做礼拜 go to the church去教堂in prison坐牢 in the prison在监狱特别提示：当地点名词表示地点时，其前用定冠词；表示在这一地点所发生的活动时，其前不加冠词。如：he went to the bed and fetched me a magazine before he went to bed.他睡觉前到床边给我拿了本杂志。 【难点探究】难点1. 运用名词的各种形式，考查“类指”概念“类指”即表示类别，也就是泛指一类的人或物，而不是其中特定的对象。定冠词，不定冠词，零冠词都有这种功能。注意：定冠词与复数名词连用只表示特指，不表示类指。a.“定冠词+单数可数名词”表示类指概念。(用特指的一个事物代表一类事物）。【考题示例】(1)the warmth of _sweater will of course be determined by the sort of _wool used. a. the, the b. the, 不填 c.不填，the d.不填，不填 (2) when you come here for your holiday next time, dont go to _hotel; i can find you _bed in my flat. a. the, a b. the, 不填 c. a, the d. a, 不填知识链接：定冠词表类指的其它用法：u定冠词+某些adj或分词表示一类人，如： the sick（病人），the unexpected（意外之事），the oppressed（被压迫者），the living（活着的人们）v定冠词+民族，国籍的adj，表示整个民族或国人，如：the chinese, the french, the welshw定冠词+某些集体名词，表示一定的阶级，党派或团体，如：the working class, the party, the public, the government.如：b.“不定冠词+单数可数名词”表示类指概念。（用“任意一个 ”，“某一个”所具有的特性，特征表示一类事物）【考题示例】(1)jumping out of _airplane at ten thousand feet is quite _exciting experience. a. the ，不填 b.不填，an c. an, an d. the, the (2)-i knocked over my coffee cup. it went right over _keyboard. -you shouldnt put drinks near _computer. a. the; / b. the; a c. a; / d. a; ac.“名词复数或不可数名词（物质或抽象名词）”表示类指概念。难点2 运用名词的各种形式，考查“泛指”概念泛指表示原先未知的新信息，是不定冠词的根本用法，用来表达一种“类别”或“指量”意义。可数名词单数，可数名词的复数形式以及不可数名词都可以表示泛指意义。名词在表示泛指的同时大多数情况下也表示了类指。【考题示例】 (1)i knew _ john lennon, but not _ famous one. a. 不填，a b. a, the c.不填, the d. the, a (2)tom owns _larger collection of _books than any other students in our class. a. the,不填 b. a,不填 c. a, the d不填.,the难点3 运用名词的各种形式考查“特指”和“独指”概念特指是定冠词的基本功能、，这种功能与限定词this, that的功能相同，定冠词的这种功能可以表现为后照应特指，前照应特指及语境特指。可数名词单数，可数名词的复数形式以及不可数名词都可以与定冠词连用表示特指意义。a.考查定冠词表示“独指”的用法 定冠词的独指，是指独一无二的事物，如：the star, the sun, the universe但space“太空”，man“人类”一般不与冠词连用，属特殊情况。【考题示例】 (1)beyond_ stars, the astronauts saw nothing but _space. a. the, b. the, the c. a, d,b.考查定冠词表示“特指”的用法(2)on _news today, there were _reports of heavy sno