【步步高】高考英语一轮复习 Unit 3 Challenging Yourself Ⅱ同步导学 重庆大学版选修7(1).doc

【步步高】2015届高考英语一轮复习 unit 3 challenging yourself 同步导学 重大版选修7.重点单词识记1crash /kr/ vi.碰撞；垮台；vt.撞击2assignment /sainmnt/ n任务；(课外)作业3reluctantly /rilktntli/ adv.不情愿地4surrender /srend/ vi.投降，自首5superior /supiri/ adj.更好的；占优势的；更胜一筹的6factor /fkt/ n因素7compulsory /kmplsri/ adj.必修的；义务的；强制的8context /kntekst/ n上下文；背景9acquire /kwai/ vt.学习，习得；获得acquirement n习得；学得10appealing /pili/ adj.吸引人的，打动人心的appeal vi.呼吁；上诉11disgust /disst/ vt.使厌恶disgusting adj.令人厌恶的12accomplish /kmpli/ vt.完成，实现accomplishment n成就，完成13intelligent /intelidnt/ adj.聪明的，有头脑的intelligence n智力，理解力14exist /izist/ vi.存在，生存existence n存在，生存15disadvantageous /disdvnteids/ adj.不利的disadvantage n不利(条件)；损失16immediacy /imidisi/ n直接；立刻immediate adj.立即的；直接的immediately adv.立即；马上17creativity n创造性；创造力creative adj.创造(性)的，有创造力的create vt.创造，创作，创建18refreshing /rifrei/ adj.使精力恢复的；使耳目一新的refresh vt.(使)恢复精神，提神，提醒.重点短语识记1in agreement with.同意，赞成2in terms of根据，按照3turn out结果是，证明是4develop out of.从中发展而来5mean to.打算；意指6be compared.to与相比；把比作7have a strong link to与有密切的联系8provide.with为某人提供9cope with应付；处理.经典原句默写与背诵1on september 11 i ran home from the bus stop，anxious to hear what had happened.9月11日，我从车站跑回家，急切地想知道发生了什么。2our ancestors did manage to write without paper.我们的祖先在没有纸的情况下确实能书写。3qinshihuang was said to start his day by reading official accounts on such strips weighing up to 50 kilograms.据说，秦始皇就是通过阅读记录在这样的重达五十公斤的竹简上的国事来开始他繁忙的一天的。4in this day and age there seems to be a move towards secondary school subjects which have a strong link to a tertiary course of study.在当今这个时代，社会上似乎有一种只重视那些跟高等教育直接相关的中学课程的倾向。1to accomplish great things，we must not only act，but also dream；not only plan，but also believe.(accomplishment)2he compared beijing to the heart of china.(comparison)3some people will succeed in their efforts to stop smoking.(succeeding)4i believe in the inherent intelligence of human beings.(intelligent)5his poetry is hardly comparable with shakespeares.6when i first came here，i was very violent.(violence)7alternatively，you can use googles language tools.(alternative)8they wish to begin immediately after dinner.(immediate)9he was breathing，quickly and shallowly.(shallow)10we turned to see the approaching car slow down.(approach)1 appeal n.呼吁；恳求(request)；吸引力(attraction)；上诉；v.呼吁；恳求(request)；上诉；有吸引力(attract)appeal to sb.for/to do.向某人呼吁；恳求某人做appeal to sb.吸引某人；迎合某人所好appeal to force诉诸武力make an appeal to sb.向某人提出呼吁have no appeal for sb.引不起某人的兴趣the prime minister appealed to young people to use their vote.总理呼吁青年人使用他们的投票权。music has little appeal for me.音乐引不起我的兴趣。夯实基础(1)the programme “voice of china” on zhejiang tv appeals especially to(迎合所好) people of all ages.(2)同义句改写on the other hand，the idea attracted him.(用appeal改写句子)on the other hand，the idea appealed to him.2 compare.to.把比作compare.with/to.把和比较compare notes交换看法without/beyond compare无与伦比；举世无双ive had some difficulties，but they were nothing compared to yours.我遇到了一些困难，但与你的困难比起来就算不了什么了。we carefully compared the first report with the second.我们仔细比较了第一份报告和第二份报告。夯实基础用适当的介词填空(1)compared with/to many people，she was indeed very fortunate.(2)the height of the empire building is without/beyond compare.3 approach v.靠近，接近(draw near)；走近；接洽；n.方法(means)；接近；通道；路径(path，road)；接洽；建议an approach to.(做某事的)方法/途径；接近，靠近at the approach of在快到的时候be approaching 快到了(just) around/round the corner(时间上)临近地，马上，快要；(距离上)紧邻地，很近地when i approached，they grew silent.当我走近时，他们就不说话了。夯实基础(1)at the meeting they discussed three different approaches to the study of mathematics(三种不同的研究数学的方法)(2)同义句改写with the time for graduation approaching，we are busy with our papers.(用corner短语改写句子)with the time for graduation just around the corner，we are busy with our papers.4 refresh.with.以使振作精神/恢复精力refreshing adj. 令人耳目一新的；使人精力充沛的refreshment n茶点；点心；恢复活力they had stopped by a spring to refresh themselves.他们曾在一处泉边停歇休息。allow me to refresh your memory.让我帮你回忆吧。夯实基础用refresh的适当形式填空(1)it made a refreshing change to be taken seriously for once.(2)can you offer me some refreshment.(3)he refreshed himself with a cool shower.单项填空1mary is very untidy，and she always leaves her room in a .adisorder bmesscdamage dtrouble答案b解析句意为：玛丽很不爱整洁，她的房间总是很零乱。in a mess为固定搭配，意为“处于混乱中”，符合句意。disorder也表示“杂乱无章”，但要注意在in disorder中用零冠词；in trouble为固定搭配，表示“陷入麻烦中”，不合题意。damage为不可数名词，也不与in连用。2my mother always gets a bit if we dont arrive when we say we will.aanxious bashamedcweak dpatient答案a解析句意为：如果我们不能在我们说的时间到达，母亲总是有点焦虑。anxious忧虑的，不安的，符合句意。ashamed 羞愧的；weak虚弱的；patient耐心的。3of her plays，three were and one was failure.asuccess；/ bsuccesses；/csuccess；a dsuccesses；a答案d解析此处success作可数名词，意为“达到目的的人或事”；failure作可数名词，指“失败的人或事”。three后省去了plays，one后省去了play，故选d项。4it is through learning that the individual many habitual ways of reacting to situations.aretains bgainscachieves dacquires答案d解析句意为：正是通过学习，个体才得以获得应付各种情况的惯常做法。四个词都有“得到”之意。retain意为“留住，保持”；gain意为“赢得”，多指名声等好的东西；achieve意为“取得”，多指成绩、进步等；acquire意为“获得”，多指知识、习惯等。5 with the size of the whole earth，the highest mountain doesnt seem high at all.acompared bto compareccomparing dbeing compared答案a解析compared with/to.与相比，在句中作状语，其逻辑主语和句子主语之间为被动关系，故选a。6guangzhou overseas chinese hospital provides psychological treatment to patients.ainstruction bdeadlinecdirection dguidance答案d解析句意为：广州华侨医院为病人提供心理指导治疗。guidance意为“指导”，符合题意。7if you look out of the window on the left of the bus，youll see that were now the tower of london.arepairing bwatchingcapproaching dbuilding答案c解析repair修理，维修；watch观看；approach接近，靠近；build建造，建筑。8researchers from harvard reported a study of human brains yesterday that may some new information for the effective treatment for mental illnesses.acreate bprovidecexpect dimagine答案b解析句意为：哈佛的研究者们昨天报告了对人脑的一项研究，这项研究可能为心理疾病的有效治疗提供一些新的信息。provide.for.为提供，符合句意。create创造，创作；expect预料，期待；imagine想像，设想。.汉译英1我们都知道，好的学习习惯会使你的学习走向成功。(success)(2013四川书面表达)as we all know，good learning habits can make your study go to success.2随着教师节的临近，我们班今年要变化一下庆祝的方式，通过举办一次晚会来庆祝这个重要的节日。(approach)(2012陕西书面表达)as teachers day was approaching，our class decided to hold a party to celebrate the important day for a change this year.3作为一名年轻的学生，我建议global mirror应该多刊载一些指导我们学习英语的文章。(guide)(2011大纲全国书面表达)as a young student，i suggest that global mirror carry articles to guide us in our english learning.1. in terms of natural resources，it is one of the poorest countries in western europe.2youd better set aside some money in case of future use.3dont take on more responsibilities than you can handle.4apart from that，he had no private income.5dont cut into my conversation with my friend.6how will they cope with the huge psychological pressures?1 in the long/short term从长远/短期来看in ones terms在某人看来；根据某人的观点be on good/bad terms with与关系好/坏come to terms with达成协议；和好；接受 on equal terms在平等的条件下sometimes the whole is best understood in terms of the whole.有些时候，按照整体来理解整体是最好的方法。in terms of living standards china has a long way to go.就生活水平而言，中国还有很长的路要走。夯实基础(1)we are on good terms with(和关系很好) all our neighbors.(2)this plan is of great benefit in the long term(从长远来看)(3)in terms of health(从健康的角度来看)，eating less is quite necessary.2 表示“除之外”的短语：apart/aside from除之外，根据上下文的不同，可以分别相当于besides，except或except for。besidesin addition to除之外(还，也)，常与also，more，other等连用。except除外(都)，常与all，every，no，none，nothing等含有整体肯定或否定意义的词连用。except for除以外，其后所跟的词往往与前面的不是同一类的，是指整体中除去的一个细节或某一方面。apart from the cost，the dress doesnt suit me.姑且不论价格，这件衣服也不适合我。it is a good book，apart from the torn cover.除了封面破了，它是本好书。夯实基础用besides，except，except for，apart from填空(1)all the students took part in the sports meeting except/apart from tom.(2)we need three more chairs besides/apart from these two.(3)apart from/except for the ending，its a really good film.3 confine sb./sth.in.把某人/某物监禁在be confined to.使离不开confined adj.有限的，狭窄的confinement n禁闭；监禁；关押the us will soon be taking steps to confine the conflict.美国很快就会采取措施限制冲突。he did not confine himself to the one language.他没把自己局限于这一门语言。特别提醒表示“把限制在某范围内”，通常要与介词to连用，此时to后若接动词，要用动名词，不用动词原形。his kindness to us is not confined to visiting us.他对我们很友好，这不仅仅体现在他来看我们。夯实基础用confine的适当形式填空(1)keep the dog confined in a suitable travelling cage.(2)it is cruel to keep animals in confined spaces.4 cope v(成功地)对付，处理deal with解决；处理；应付；对付do with处理；对付he wasnt able to cope with the stresses and strains of the job.对付这项工作的紧张与压力，他无能为力。desert plants are adapted to cope with extreme heat.沙漠植物适于耐酷热。夯实基础选词填空(1)the united states is trying to cope with/deal with/do with the serious problems resulting from the energy crisis.(2)i dont know how to deal with such a situation.单项填空1 achievement，last weeks ministerial meeting of the wto here earned a low，though not failing，grade.ain terms of bin case ofcas a result of din face of答案a解析句意为：就成绩而言，上周的wto部长会议获得了一个较低，但还不算失败的成绩。in terms of就而言。2when does the ceremony ？all the boys and girls are waiting for it.sorry，i have no idea.ahappen btake placectake part in dturn up答案b解析take place指有计划、有安排地发生；happen指偶然地发生；take part in 参加；turn up出现，露面。3she was told to wear flat shoes her back problem.aon account of bregardless ofcin terms of din case of答案a解析句意为：因为她背部有问题，她被要求穿平底鞋。on account of表示“因为，由于”，符合句意。4 such subjects，the department also taught mathematics and geography.aexcept bexcept forcas well as din addition to答案d解析由句中关键词also可知，此处意为“除之外还”，故选d项。5our shop was so successful that in two months we ourselves to open a second store at the other end of the town.aconveyed bcontributedcconfined dconvinced答案d解析句意为：我们的商店运行得很成功，两个月之后我们就说服自己在城镇的另一端开了第二家店。convince使信服，convince sb.to do sth.说服某人做某事。convey 表达，传递，传送；contribute捐献，捐赠；confine限制，限定。6she liked this kind of dress and bought some material to make one at home.ain particular bin the fleshcon the other hand dby coincidence答案a解析in particular特别地；in the flesh活生生的；on the other hand另一方面；by coincidence巧合地。句意为：她特别喜欢这种样式的连衣裙，就买了一些布料，回家自己做一件。.汉译英1这次我向你保证过不了多久我们就会再次见面。(long before)(2011山东写作)i can assure you this time it wont be long before we see each other.2他们对这次冒险的反应却大不相同。(turn out)their responses to the risk turn out to be different.用含宾语和补语的结构合并句子(1)the theory is wrong，you know.someone has proved that.someone has proved the theory wrong.(2)weve painted the walls.theyre bright yellow now.weve painted the walls bright yellow.(3)this coffee is very strong.but thats the way i like my coffee.i like my coffee very strong.(4)the members elected alice.shes president now.the members elected alice president.单句改错(1)they live in pensford，that lies just south of bristol.they live in pensford，which lies just south of bristol.(2)the weather has been far too wet to go out that weve had lately.the weather (that) weve had lately has been far too wet to go out.(3)there were 35 passengers on the coach，almost all who were british.there were 35 passengers on the coach，almost all of whom were british.(4)there was an accident in that four people were killed.there was an accident in which four people were killed.1 the year 2005 marks the 600th anniversary of zheng hes adventures.2005年是郑和下西洋600周年纪念。(1)非生命名词作主语是一种特指的语言现象，它排除了含连系动词be的句子和被动语态中的非生命名词作主语的现象。(2)作主语的非生命名词的种类：表时间、地点或范围的名词或动作名词或表情感的名词或是自然现象。(3)非生命名词作主语的句子中谓语动词常见的有：make，bring，cause，enable，see，find，witness，give，meet等。(4)非生命名词作主语在大多数情况下含有时间、条件、原因、方式等状语含义。因此我们在翻译时，不宜直译，一般情况下，应把其主语当作状语来译。march 1940 found me working in a small constructional firm.1940年3月，我在一家小型建筑公司工作。the rain prevented me from coming.我因下雨不能来。夯实基础翻译句子(1)september 1999 found me studying in a university.1999年9月，我在上大学。(2)the old house saw the changes in the big family.这座老房子见证了这个大家庭的变迁。2 besides，writing on such “paper” was a very complicated process.除此之外，在这样的“纸”上书写是一个非常复杂的过程。(1)动名词(短语)作主语通常表示习惯性、泛指、经常性、不具体的动作。而不定式作主语则表示一次性、特指、未来、具体的动作。(2)当use，good，pity，time，fun，nice，worth等作表语时，常用it作形式主语，把作主语的动名词后置。其他情况下，当将动名词移至句尾时，通常改为不定式。(3)动名词的复合结构作主语时，其逻辑主语必须是形容词性物主代词或名词所有格。his leaving is a great loss.他的离开是一个很大的损失。its no use waiting here.在这儿等没用。夯实基础(1)用动名词作主语完成句子walking is a good form of exercise(走路是好的锻炼方式) for both young and old.(2)同义句改写collecting stamps is one of his hobbies.(用it作形式主语改写句子)it is one of his hobbies to collect stamps.单项填空1the october of 2005 another successful launch of manned spaceship in china.ahave seen bhad seencsaw dwas seeing答案c解析see此处表示“见证”；主语为过去时间，应用一般过去时。2the lost boy was last seen on the river bank，dead.alied blyingclie dlain答案b解析句意为：这个丢失的男孩最后被看见时已经死了，当时他正躺在河岸上。分析句子结构可知，空格处为主语补足语，且the boy与lie之间为主动关系，故排除a、d两项；此处不强调动作的全过程，故排除c项。.汉译英1李老师和我们度过了一段愉快的时间，但是对于她做出的努力和对我们的指导，我们怎么感谢都不过分。(that引导宾语从句)(2012陕西书面表达)ms. li spent a wonderful time with us，but we know that we cannot thank her enough for all her hard work and guidance.2毫无疑问，一个清洁工干的活比社会上其他工作都要辛苦。(there is no doubt that.)(2013广东读写任务)there is no doubt that what a cleaner does is harder compared with any other jobs in the society.3这样的行为让我陷入了深深的思考中。(leave宾语宾补)(2012福建书面表达)such behavior left me deep in thought.1 how others react to the book you have just read creates an added pleasure.(2013浙江，7)ahearing bhearchaving heard dto be hearing答案a解析考查非谓语动词。句意为：听到别人对你刚读的一本书的反应会增加你的快乐感。“you have just read”为省略that或者which的定语从句，“creates an added pleasure”是谓语和宾语，空格处需要填一个可作主语的非谓语动词。b项为动词原形，不能作主语；c项是作状语的形式；d项表示将来进行的动作，不符合题意。a项为动名词，可作主语，故a项正确。2by 1630， was almost closing time，nearly all the paintings had been sold.(2012江西，28)awhich bwhencwhat dthat答案a解析从closing time“打烊时间，停止营业时间”可以得知此句是在谈时间，但是此句中缺少主语，前面又有一个逗号，所以可以确定这里是一个非限制性定语从句，用which引导。3goodbye，john.come back again sometime.sure. .(2012四川，3)ai did bi doci shall di will答案d解析考查交际用语。根据上句句意“再见，约翰。(欢迎)找个时间再来。”可知选d项，意为“我会的”。4the headmaster will not permit the change in the course，nor it a thought.(2012重庆，33)adoes he even givebhe even givescwill he even givedhe will even give答案c解析句意为：校长将不允许改变课程，他甚至将不考虑这事。分析题干可知nor置于句首，后需用部分倒装结构，故可排除b、d两项；而a项用了一般现在时态，这与前句中的will不符合。故c为正确选项。5she has already tried her best.please dont be too about her job.(2011江西，33)aspecial bresponsiblecunusual dparticular答案d解析句意为：她已经尽力了，请不要过分挑剔她的工作。be particular about.对苛求、挑剔，是固定结构。6wed better discuss everything before we work out the plan.(2011江苏，32)ain detail bin generalcon purpose don time答案a解析句意为：在制订计划之前我们最好详细地讨论一下各方面的事情。in detail详细地，详实地；in general通常，大体上，从总体上看；on purpose故意地；on time按时。只有“详细”讨论才能制订计划，故选a项。7recently a survey prices of the same goods in two different supermarkets has caused heated debate among citizens.(2011江苏，31)acompared bcomparingccompares dbeing compared答案b解析句意为：最近，在两家不同超市对相同商品进行的一次价格比较调查引起了市民热烈的讨论。分析句子结构可知，句子谓语动词为has caused，故空格处应为非谓语动词形式，来充当a survey的后置定语。a survey与compare之间存在主动关系，故用现在分词。现在分词短语“comparing prices of the same goods in two different supermarkets”相当于定语从句which/that compares.。8when asked about their opinions about the schoolmaster，many teachers would prefer to see him step aside younger men.(2011湖北，30)ain terms of bin need ofcin favour of din praise of答案c解析句意为：当被问及他们对校长的意见时，许多老师都希望看到他让位给年轻人。in terms of谈及，就而言；in need of需要；in favour of支持，赞同；in praise of歌颂。根据句意可知应选c项。9everybody is going to climb the mountain.can i go too，mom？ wait till you are old enough，dear. (2010全国，31)awill you? bwhy not?ci hope so. dim afraid not.答案d解析句意为：每个人都要去登山。妈妈，我也可以去吗？恐怕不能。得等到你足够大的时候，亲爱的。will you？你要去吗？why not？为什么不呢？i hope so.我希望如此。三者均不符合句意。应选d项“恐怕不能”。10 the city center，we saw a stone statue of about 10 meters in height.(2010上海，35)aapproaching bapproachedcto approach dto be approached答案a解析考查现在分词作状语，表示正在进行或主动的动作。此时分词的逻辑主语就是主句的主语，因此要注意人称、时态和语态的一致性。.单项填空1have you moved into the new house?not yet，the rooms .aare being painted bare paintingcare pained dare being painting答案a解析the rooms 与paint之间是被动关系，由语境可知应使用现在进行时的被动语态。2excuse me，what can i do for you?yes.id like to place advertisement for used car in your paper.athe；a ban；/can；a d/；the答案c解析考查冠词。答句句意为：我想在你们的报纸上为一辆二手车登一则广告。两空皆为泛指，故答案为c项。3there are many things in different areas we can do to reduce the possible danger of aids.athat bwhencwhere dwhat答案a解析考查定语从句。从句中缺少动词do的宾语，故应用关系代词that。4university of cambridge， in 1209，is home to a great number of outstanding figures.afound bfoundingcfounded dto be founded答案c解析考查非谓语动词。university of cambridge和found之间为被动，且动作已完成，故用过去分词作定语。5large quantities of water into the machine