名词性从句.doc

名词性从句在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句 (Noun Clauses)。 名词从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能高考资源网担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m 高考重点要求：1、 掌握主语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句、表语从句的基本句型结构2、 弄清名词性从句的连词的用法和意义3、 根据句子语义确定使用何种从属连词第一节 知识点概述一、引导名词性从句的连接词 引导名词性从句的连接词可分为两类：1. 名词性that从句，即以that为连接词的名词性从句。that只能起连接主句和从句的作用，不充当从句的任何成分，无词义。2. 名词性wh-从句，即以wh-词连接的名词性从句。Wh-词包括：连接代词：who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever连接副词：when, where, how, why连接词whether, if不充当句子的任何成分。二、主语从句1. 用作主语的从句叫主语从句。that从句作主语，that不能省略。That he likes such kind of books is very interesting.他喜欢这种书是非常有趣的。Whether he will be able to come remains a question. 他是否能够来仍然是一个问题。What he is looking for is none of your business. 他在找什么与你无关。2. 很多主语从句都可以用that作形式主语。例如：It is very interesting that he likes such kind of books. w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.mIt remains a question whether he will be able to come.3. It作形式主语主要包括以下几种类型和搭配关系：1）It + be + adj. + 从句It was obvious that the driver could not control his car.2）It + be + n. + 从句It is a pity that he missed the lecture.3）It + be + 过去分词 + 从句It is said that they have won the game.4）It + be + vi. + 从句w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m It seems that something is wrong with the computer.三、表语从句表语从句在句中作表语，它位于主句的联系动词之后。that从句作表语，that不能省略。表语从句只用whether，不用if。The problem is that smokers cannot go without smoking. 问题是抽烟的人不抽烟就会感到难受。The question is whether it is worth doing. 问题是这是否值得做。This is where he has worked for years. 这就是他多年工作的地方。四、宾语从句宾语从句在句中作宾语，引导宾语从句的that可以省略。whether和if可互换，但介词宾语或有or not时，用whether.They know that the habit may kill them. 他们知道这个习惯能使他们致死。They doubt whether or not Jack is a good student. 他们怀疑Jack是否是一个好学生。They wanted to see which shops offered the best advice and service. 他们想了解哪家店提出的建议和提供的服务最好。五、同位语从句同位语从句中先行词不充当从句成分，从句是用来解释先行词的内容。That从句作同位语，that不能省略。Word came that our football team had won the match. 消息传来，我们的足球队赢了比赛。May I ask a question when the meeting will be held? 我能否问个问题，会议什么时候举行？w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m第二节 实战演练一、复习时需注意的要点1. 由从属连词that引导的从句叫做名词性that-从句。 That只起连接主句和从句的作用，在从句中不担任任何成分，本身也没有词义。名词性that-从句在句中能充当主语、宾语、表语、同位语2. 主句和从句要保持时态上的一致性，从句还要保持陈述句语序。3. 当从句是由选择问句转化而成时，一定要用whether构成whether.or结构。4. That-从句作主语通常用it作先行词，而将that-从句置于句末，例如：It is quite clear that the whole project is doomed to failure.很清楚，整个计划注定要失败。Its a pity that you should have to leave.你非走不可真是件憾事。用it作形式主语的that-从句有以下四种不同的搭配关系：a. It + be + adj. + that从句w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.mIt is necessary that有必要It is important that重要的是It is obvious that 很明显b. It + be + 过去分词 + that从句It is believed that人们相信It is known to all that从所周知It has been decided that 已决定c. It + be + n. + that从句It is common knowledge that是常识It is a surprise that 令人惊奇的是It is a fact that 事实是d. It + be + vi. + that从句It appears that似乎It happens that碰巧It occurred to me that 我突然想起5. 选择性疑问从句选择性疑问从句由关联词whetheror或whetheror not构成，例如：Please tell me whether they are Swedish or Danish. 请告诉我他们是瑞典人还是丹麦人。I dont care whether you like the plan or not.我不在乎你是否喜欢该计划。二、历届高考试题分析w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m例1、_ in the regulations that you should not tell other people the password of your e-mail account.A. What is requiredB. What requiresC. It is requiredD. It requires例2、There is a new problem involved in the popularity of private cars _ road conditions need_.A. that .to be improvedB. which.to be improvedC. where .improving D .when.improving例3、_made the school proud was_ more than 90% of the students had been admitted to key universities. w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.mA. What; becauseB. What; thatC. That; whatD.That; because例4、Theres a feeling in me_well never know what a UFO isnot ever.A. that B. whichC. of whichD. what例5、Perseverance is a kind of qualityand thats_ it takes to do anything well.A. what B. thatC. whichD. why例6、When you answer questions in a job interview, please remember the golden rule: Always give the monkey exactly _he wants.A. whatB. which C. whenD. that w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m例7、Information has been put forward _ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities.A. whileB. thatC. whenD. as例8、What the doctors really doubt is_ my mother will recover from the serious disease soon.A. when B. howC. whetherD. why 例9、I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.Is that_ you had a few days off?A. whyB. whenC. whatD. where例10、_she couldnt understand was_fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons.A. What.why B. That.what C. What.because D. Why.that第三节 巩固练习Direction: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer that completes the sentence.1. _ the 2012 Olympic Games will be held in Paris is not known yetA. Whenever B. If C. Whether D. That2. It worried her a bit _ her hair was turning grey.A. while B. thatC. ifD. for3._ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.A. There B. This C. ThatD. It4.The whole family were worried about Jane because no one was aware _she had gone .A. that whereB. of the place which C. of what D. of where5._ he said at the meeting astonished everybody present.A. What B. That C. The fact D. The matter6._ you have done might do harm to other people.A. That B. What C. Which D. This7._ leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights. w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.mA. Anyone B. The reason C. Whoever D. Who8._ caused the accident is still a complete mystery.A. What B. That C. How D. Where9._ has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising.A. Who B. The one C. Anyone D. Whoever10.The question remains _the Party can win the majority of the people .A. thatB. if C. whether D. /11. I remember_ this used to be a quiet village.A. when B. how C. where D. what12. You cant imagine_ when they received these nice Christmas presents.A. how they were excited B. how excited they wereC. how excited were they D. they were excited13. Sarah hopes to become a friend of _ shares her interests.A .anyone B. whomever C. whoever D. no matter who 14. Can you make sure_ the gold ring ? w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.mA. where Alice had put B. where had Alice putC. where Alice has put D. where has Alice put15. No one can be sure _ in a million years.A. what man will look like B. what will man look likeC. man will look like what D. what look will man like16. Can you tell me_ ?A. who is that gentleman B. that gentleman is whoC. who that gentleman is D. whom is that gentleman17. They want to know_ do to help us.A. what can they B .what they canC. how they canD. how can they18. Would you please tell me_ the airport ?A. how I can get toB. how can I get toC. where I can get toD. where I can get to19. It was a matter of_ would take the position.A. who B.whoever C. whom D. whomever20. Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see_.A. who is he B. who he is C. who is it D. who it is21. Little Tommy was reluctant to tell the school master _ he had the day before.A. that B. how C. where D. what22. Go and get your coat. Its_ you left it. w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.mA. there B. where C .there where D. where there23. I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella. _ I got wet through.A. Its the reason B. Thats why C. Theres whyD. Its how24.It is important _youwin or lose ; what matters is how you play the game .A. whetherB. as if C. whom D. that 25. There was much certainty _the board of directors would agree to our various proposals for increasing sales.A. whichB. why C. / D. that 26. They have no idea at all_.A. where he has goneB. there did he goC. which place has he gone D. where has he gone27. Greenland, _ island in the world, covers over two million square kilometers.A. it is the largest B. that is the largestC. is the largest D. the largest28._ is no possibility_ Bob can win the first prize in the matchA. TherethatB. ItthatC. TherewhetherD. Itwhether29. We will soon discuss the problem _we should take some effective measures to protect the animals and plants in our region.A. if B. whether C. thatD. ever since30._ is quite clear.A. Where is the fighting B. Why is the fightingC. What war is D. What is war being31. The reason _ he didnt come to our party was _ he took a missing boy back home on his way.A. whybecause B. whythat C. thatwhyD. thatthat32._ that not all government officials are honest.A. It seems to me B. In my opinion, I believeC. My believing is D. I think in my mind33._ is more and less advanced can pass the test. w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.mA. Anyone B. Who C. Whoever D. A student34. _ land ownership in some counties is unfair _ obvious.A. WhatisB. WhetherareC. Thatis D. Ifis35.The reason I plan to go is _if I dont.A. because she will be disappointedB. that she will be disappointedC. because she will have a disappointmentD. on account of she will be disappointed36. She wanted to know_.A. whether I knew her and where did she workB. if I know her and the factory she worked thereC. whether I knew her and the factory she workedD. if I knew her and the factory where she worked37. My father wouldnt tell me_ his new car.A. how much he paid for B. how much did he payC. he paid how much for D. did he pay how much38. A simple experiment shows_ air has some strength.A. what B. that C. which D. who39.I cant tell _A. what one my brother likes best w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.mB. which one my brother likes bestC. that one does my brother like bestD. which one does my brother like best40._we are doing has never been done before.A. ThatB. Which