河北省石家庄市灵寿县高考英语 短文改错和阅读类一轮练习（10） (2).doc

河北省石家庄市灵寿县2016高考英语 短文改错和阅读类一轮练习（10）阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (a、b、c和d) 中, 选出最佳选项。(原创)people in hong kong speak a rich mixture of languages. hong kong was a british colony for more than 156 years before it was returned to chinese control in 1997. english was the only official language until 1994. most people in hong kong today speak cantonese, but mandarin and other dialects also are heard, and english as the british used is still widely spoken and taught here. now however, many people are choosing to learn english as it is spoken in the united states. victor chan, for example, has children who attend school called nature eq on saturday and sunday, and they are learning to say words the american way. mr chan says he wants his sons to learn american english, because he plans to send them to the united states for further study. nature eq is one of a growing number of schools in hong kong that offer american english classes. frankie ng opened the school 17 years ago, at that time, he had only 40 students. today, the school has 350 students, and it does not have space for any more. mr ng says american english is clear and defined. he says it is easy to teach and easily understood. that, however, is not the main concern of the children. public schools in the former british colony still teach mostly british english. but the number of private language schools teaching american english is growing. in hong kongs tseung kwan o district, for example, the american english workshop school had 20 students a week when it opened one year ago. today, ithas more than 180 each week. some observers say american english is becoming the language of international business. increased contact with american culture, like movies, television programs, computer games and the internet is spreading american expressions and accents in areas other than business. but for now, people hearing english in the streets of hong kong are mainly hearing traditional british english. “we can understand both, but for what we speak, we speak with the british accent, ”said one local woman. “the british is better i think, ”commented a local man. 【文章大意】多元化的大都市香港现在正兴起一股学习美式英语的热潮。1. which of the following is true about the language spoken in hong kong? a. english is still the only official language now. b. british english is still widely spoken and taught at present. c. most people are learning american english now. d. all people in hong kong can speak cantonese. 【解析】选b。细节理解题。根据第二段english as the british used is still widely spoken and taught here一句可知英式英语在香港广泛使用和用于教学之中。2. what can we learn from the examples shown in this passage? a. views are different on american english. b. not all people like american english. c. american english is becoming more popular. d. american english is better than british english. 【解析】选c。细节理解题。根据文章提供的例子可知人们越来越喜欢学习美式英语。3. what does the underlined word“it”refer to? a. british englishb. american englishc. american english workshop schoold. hong kong【解析】选c。细节理解题。it代指上句中的american english workshop school“美式英语培训学校”。4. what can we infer from the passage? a. american english and british english will go hand in hand in the future. b. american english will be more popular than british english. c. british accent is clear and easy to study. d. local people cant understand both of the two kinds of english. 【解析】选a。推理判断题。根据文章可知尽管美式英语的学习不断升温, 英式英语仍在广泛使用和在教学中应用, 故推断美式英语和英式英语将会在香港并存下去。 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（a、b、c和d）中，选出最佳选项。it is pretty much a one-way street. while it may be common for university researchers to try their luck in the commercial world, there is very little traffic in the opposite direction. pay has always been the biggest deterrent, as people with families often feel they cannot afford the drop in salary when moving to a university job. for some industrial scientists, however, the attractions of academia (学术界) outweigh any financial considerations.helen lee took a 70% cut in salary when she moved from a senior post in abbott laboratories to a medical department at the university of cambridge. her main reason for returning to academia mid-career was to take advantage of the greater freedom to choose research questions. some areas of inquiry have few prospects of a commercial return, and lees is one of them.the impact of a salary cut is probably less severe for a scientist in the early stages of a career. guy grant, now a research associate at the unilever centre for molecular informatics at the university of cambridge, spent two years working for a pharmaceutical (制药的) company before returning to university as a post-doctoral researcher. he took a 30% salary cut but felt it worthwhile for the greater intellectual opportunities.higher up the ladder, where a pay cut is usually more significant, the demand for scientists with a wealth of experience in industry is forcing universities to make the transition (转换) to academia more attractive, according to lee. industrial scientists tend to receive training that academics do not, such as how to build a multidisciplinary team, manage budgets and negotiate contracts. they are also well placed to bring something extra to the teaching side of an academic role that will help students get a job when they graduate, says lee, perhaps experience in manufacturing practice or product development. “only a small number of undergraduates will continue in an academic career. so someone leaving university who already has the skills needed to work in an industrial lab has far more potential in the job market than someone who has spent all their time on a narrow research project.”1. by “a one-way street” (line 1, para. 1), the author means _.a .university researchers know little about the commercial worldb. there is little exchange between industry and academiac. few industrial scientists would quit to work in a universityd. few university professors are willing to do industrial research2. what was helen lees major consideration when she changed her job in the middle of her career?a. flexible work hours. b. her research interests.c .her preference for the lifestyle on campus. d. prospects of academic accomplishments.3. guy grant chose to work as a researcher at cambridge in order to _. a. do financially more rewarding work b. raise his status in the academic worldc. enrich his experience in medical research d. exploit better intellectual opportunities4. what contribution can industrial scientists make when they come to teach in a university? a. increase its graduates competitiveness in the job market. b. develop its students potential in research.c. help it to obtain financial support from industry. d. gear its research towards practical applications.【参考答案】14、cbda阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（a、b、c和d）中，选出最佳选项。about a third of all common cancers in the united states, china and britain could be prevented each year if people ate healthier food, drank less alcohol and exercised more, health experts said on friday. reports from the world cancer research fund (wcrf) suggest that making simple lifestyle changes could prevent some 40 percent of breast cancers alone in britain and the united states, as well as tens of thousands of stomach cancers. “even in 2011, people are dying unnecessarily from cancers that could be prevented through keeping a healthy weight, diet, physical activity and other lifestyle factors,” said a wcrf medical and scientific adviser. wcrf findings are supported by world health organization (who) reports, which say regular exercise can prevent many diseases such as cancers and heart diseases. cancer is a leading cause of death around the world and its incidence(发病率) is rising. each year around 12.7 million people discover they have cancer and 7.6 million people die from some form of the disease. there are about 200 known types of cancer. rachel thompson, the wcrfs head of science, said that while the message was simple that not smoking, eating good food and being a healthy weight can help ward off many cancers it was still a difficult one to get across. the who says adults should do at least 150 minutes of exercise a week. this could be done by walking for 30 minutes five times per week or by cycling to work every day. peter baldini, head of the world lung foundation, also called on all governments to introduce smoke-free laws and raise the price of cigarettes. tobacco kills millions of smokers every year, and tobacco-related lung cancers also kill hundreds of thousands of people who dont smoke but have been exposed to it second-hand. “there isnt a magic bullet to cure all forms of cancer, but we have the opportunity and the duty to protect people from developing cancer wherever possible,” baldini said.63. which of the following words can best take the place of the phrase “ward off” in the sixth paragraph? a. protect b. prevent c. develop d. cure【答案】b【解析】词义猜测题。根据not smoking, eating good food and being a healthy weight can help及many cancers可以推测是不吸烟，吃好的食物及有一个健康的体重有助于阻止癌症的发生，故选b。64. which of the following statements is not true according to the text? a. exercising and eating healthily can help to reduce cancer risk. b. each year about 12.7 million people are diagnosed with cancer around the world. c. every year millions of people die from smoking and lung cancers. d. adults should walk for fifty minutes three times per week.【答案】d【解析】细节理解题。根据the who says adults should do at least 150 minutes of exercise a week. this could be done by walking for 30 minutes five times per week or by cycling to work every day.世界卫生组织建议一周五次一次30分钟的锻炼时间，故选d。65. which of the following can be the best title of this text? a. simple life changes could stop millions of cancers b. cancer is a leading cause of death c. our bad lifestyle caused many diseases d. the incidence of common cancers is rising【答案】a【解析】标题归纳题。根据making simple lifestyle changes could prevent some 40 percent of breast cancers及短文的内容可知要人们平时注意生活能够阻止癌症的发生，故选a。66. by writing the passage, the author mainly intends to _. a. advise people to develop healthier lifestyle. b. warn people of the danger of cancers c. explain why many people die from cancers every year. d. introduce the ways to protect people from developing cancers【答案】a【解析】细节理解题。根据短文的内容可知主要建议人们发展健康的生活，故选a。67. we can infer from peter baldinis opinion in the last two paragraphs that _. a. all the lung cancers are linked to smoking b. there is no medicine to cure the cancers but its our duty to find one c. all governments should take measures to control smokers and protect peoples health d. its our opportunity and duty to persuade people to give up smoking【答案】c【解析】推理判断题。根据called on all governments to introduce smoke-free laws and raise the price of cigarettes.建议政府要采取措施控制人们吸烟进而来保护人们的身体健康，故选c。4.短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第l1处起）不计分。【参考答案】4.last weekend, my mother and i went to shoe shop to buy a pair of new a shoe for me. when we got there, i noticed a foreign lady talk to a salesgirl. but the shoes talkingsalesgirl didnt understand that the foreigner was saying. they looked very what worrying. so i decided to help them. i went up to the foreign lady and talked to her worried by english. i learned that the lady came from australia and want to buy a pair of in wantedrunning shoes. i told this to the salesgirl. the lady was very much glad when she took her shoes. all of them expressed their thanks to me. and i felt happily that i both happycould help others.5.短文改错（满分15分）文中共有十处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加，删除，或修改。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号()，并在此符号下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2只允许修改10处，多者从第11处起不计分。many of marcoss stories were about china and its peoplehe told stories about the towns, cities and populations in greatly detail. h