【创新设计】（山东专用）高考英语一轮复习 高频语法训练 附录1 冠词和代词.doc

一、冠词和代词1it is still believed that _graduate from _ wellknown university is more likely to find a job.aa；a ba；the c/；a dthe；the答案a句意：人们相信从一所名牌大学毕业的毕业生更好找工作。两个空都是泛指，所以都用a表示“任何一个”。2confucius，a great thinker in _ history of china，showed wise thoughts about _ nature and the world.athe；/ bthe；ac/；/ d/；the答案a考查冠词。in history意为“在历史上”，但该题中history后面有修饰成分，特指“中国历史”，所以要使用定冠词；nature表示“自然”时，为不可数名词，前面不用冠词。3in xian，although there is a good public transport system，_private car is still becoming _ popular means of transportation.a/；the bthe；acthe；the da；/答案b第一个空，在单数可数名词前面用定冠词表示类别，即“私家车”；第二个空用不定冠词，泛指“一种受欢迎的交通工具”。4it seems that westerners seldom give their friends financial help.maybe.for them _ friendship is mostly _ matter of providing emotional support and spending time together.a/；the bthe；ac/；a da；the答案c考查冠词。第一个空是泛指，表示“友谊”，前面不用冠词；第二个空用a，a matter of表示“一件的事情，关于”，是特定用法。句意：对西方人而言，友谊主要是用来提供情感支持和共度时光的。5everything comes with _ price；there is no such _ thing as free lunch in the world.aa；a bthe；/cthe；/ da；/答案d考查冠词。由于everything泛指“一切东西”，所以第一个空应选不定冠词泛指“价格，代价”；第二个空不用冠词，因为no为限定词，其后的名词不再使用冠词。故选d项。6he was such _ good speaker that he held our attention every minute of _ threehour lecture.a/；the b/；/ca；the da；a答案cspeaker是可数名词，而且又是泛指，所以用不定冠词；第二空特指当时的那次讲座。7for him _ stage is just _ means of making a living.aa；a bthe；a cthe；the da；the答案b句意：对他来说，演戏只是一种谋生方式。根据句意，stage在句中表示“从艺”，是一个抽象概念，其前须加定冠词the，means为单复数同形名词，此处表示“一种方式”用“a means of”表达。8what about _ lecture you attended yesterday?to tell the truth，it was too boring.i cant stand _ lecture like that.aa；the bthe；acthe；/ dthe；the答案b第一空是指双方都知道的事情，用定冠词the；第二空是指类似昨天参加的讲座，表示泛指，用不定冠词。9in _ old society many women died from so cruel and improper _ custom.aan；a b/；thecthe；a dthe；/答案cthe old society“旧社会”，特指。a custom指一种习惯。10i always make mistakes when speaking english.dont worry about _ mistakes.they are _ natural part of learning.a/；a bthe；ac/；the dthe；the答案amistakes用复数表示类指；a natural part of.“自然部分”。11the education of _ young is always _ hot and serious topic.a/；/ bthe；a c/；the dthe；/答案bthe young是形容词前加the表示一类人；a hot and serious topic指一个热门严肃的话题。12when _ forbidden city caught fire，people got into _ panic.athe；a bthe；/cthe；the d/；/答案a第一空处，因后面是专有名词，故使用定冠词；第二空get into a panic为固定词组，意为“陷入恐慌”。13since he has no sense of _ humor，im sure he didnt catch _ humor in your remarks.a/；the ba；theca；/ dthe；a答案a考查冠词的用法。句意：由于他没有幽默感，我敢肯定他没听明白你话中的幽默。sense of humor“幽默感”。catch“领会，理解”，前面泛指幽默感，故不加冠词；后面特指你话中的幽默，故用the。14jack couldnt remember the exact date of the earthquake，but he knew it was _ rainy day and everybody was at _ home.a/；the ba；/c/；a dthe；/答案b考查冠词的用法。句意：杰克不记得地震的具体日期了，但是他知道那是一个雨天，所有人都待在家里。at home“在家”。类似的短语还有at school等。15i go to work very early.i dont usually have _ breakfast，but i always eat _ good supper.a/；a b/；/cthe；/ d/；the答案a考查冠词的用法。句意：我每天很早就去上班。我不经常吃早餐，但是我经常吃很丰盛的晚餐。前面的早餐指的是一类事物，故用零冠词。后面指丰盛的晚餐，故用不定冠词a。16which of the two poems do you like better?_ shorter one，of course.i think its really_most interesting one.aa；the bthe；acthe；the da；a答案b考查冠词的用法。句意：这两首诗你更喜欢哪一首？较短的那一首。我认为它是一首非常有趣的诗。第一空，用the表示特指，指两首诗中较短的那一首。第二空表示泛指意义，most在这里意思是“很，非常”，相当于very，a most interesting one指“一首非常有趣的诗”。17jack had _ feeling of excitement when hearing his article had been published in _ school magazine.athe；a ba；thec/；the dthe；/答案b考查冠词的用法。句意：听说自己的文章在学校期刊发表了，杰克感到很兴奋。第一空，a feeling of表示“某种感觉”，用于表示泛指；第二空，用the表示特指，指杰克所在的学校出版的期刊。18mary，_ mr white wants to see you at the gate.that is out of _ question.ive never known any mr white.a/；/ ba；theca；/ dthe；a答案b第一空不定冠词放在姓名前，表示“某一”；第二空处out of the question，意思是impossible不可能，out of question意为“没问题”；根据题意“这不可能，我从来就不认识什么怀特先生”，选择定冠词。19the driver was at _ loss when _ word came that he was forbidden to drive for speeding.aa；the b/；/cthe；the da；/答案dat a loss为固定习语，意为“不知所措，困惑不解”；word作“消息，信息”讲时，不用冠词。句意：当因超速驾车而被禁驾的消息传来时，那位司机感到不知所措。20as we know，mr priesfley was elected _ president of new york state university.aa bthe c/ dan答案c在称呼语或者表示头衔、职务的名词前不用冠词。21because henry and mark had to work，_ of them came yesterday.aboth bnonecneither deither答案c考查代词。句意：因为亨利和马克要工作，所以昨天两人都没来。“两者都不”用neither；“两者都”用both；“三者(以上)都不”用none；“两者之一”用either。22to save class time，our teacher has _ students do half the exercises in class and complete the other half as homework.aus bwe cour dours答案a空前的has为使役动词，意为“让，使得”，因此应选宾格代词us作宾语，students是us的同位语。23he walks and talks like hes _.but all of us know hes nobody.aanybody bsomebodyceverybody dnobody答案bsomebody可表示“重要人物，有影响的人物”；nobody则可表示“小人物，无足轻重的人物”。24. do you think _ makes sense to challenge others to try to set a new guinness world record?athat bthis cit dhe答案c该题应选it在宾语从句中作形式主语，代替不定式短语to challenge others to try to set a new guinness world record。25have you heard about iphone 4?sure.it is very hot these days.im thinking about getting _.aone bthem cthat dit答案a该题应选one，泛指“一个”。it和that为特指，不合句意。26how do you find your new classmates?most of them are kind，but _ is so good to me as bruce.anone bno onecevery one dsome one答案a句意：你怎么看待你班里的同学们？他们大部分人是友好的，但是只有布鲁斯对我最好。理解本题的关键是find的复合结构，即“find宾语宾补”。本题中的none实际代指none of them。27have you heard the latest news?no，what _？ais it bis therecare they dare those答案anews是不可数名词，所以系动词选is，what is it用来询问内容。28when you introduce me to mr.johnson，could you please say _ for me?aeverything banythingcsomething dnothing答案c句意：当你把我介绍给约翰逊先生时，你能为我美言几句吗？could you please do sth？是一个表示请求的句型，表示委婉客气的语气，但不是疑问句。everything“每件事；一切”；nothing“没有东西”。29the information on the internet gets around much more rapidly than _ in the newspaper.ait bthose cone dthat答案dthat指代上文中的information，表示“网上的信息比报纸上的信息传播的快得多。”those指代上文中的复数名词。it指代上文中提到过的同一事物。one指代上文中提到过的同名不同种的事物。30the mayor has offered a reward of $5 000 to _who can capture the tiger alive or dead.aboth bothers canyone danother答案c空白处后面是一个定语从句，根据意思此处填anyone，意思是“任何人”。31you may just give me a call or drop in，_will do.aeither ball ceach dneither答案a考查either的用法。句意：你可以给我打电话或拜访我，两者任何一种形式都可以。这里either指两者中的任何一个。32there must be a dozen pens in this house but i can never find one when i need one.keep looking._ is sure to turn up.aone bit cthat dthis答案a 考查代词one的用法。句意：房子里有一打笔，但是我要用时总是一支也找不到。继续找，总会找到的。此处用one表示泛指。keep looking“继续找”。33i would appreciate _ if you could teach me how to use the computer.athat bthis cit dyou答案c考查it的用法。句意：如果你能教我使用电脑，我会很感激的。it在这里指代后面的宾语从句“if you could teach me how to use the computer”。34who called me this morning when i was out?a man calling _ robert.ahim bhimself c his d/答案b自称robert的人，故用himself。35talking about buying cars，i prefer a car less than 100,000 yuan to _ over the amount.athis bit cthat done答案d句中不定代词one代替上文所提到的car，而不定代词that用来代替前面出现的特指的单数可数名词或特指的不可数名词。36theres _ cooking oil left in the house.would you go to the corner store and get _？alittle；some blittle；anyca little；some da little；any答案aoil是不可数名词。从后文看出没有油了，所以要用表示否定的little。当希望得到对方肯定的回答的时候，用some。37this young man is very clever；he may be _ edison.athe one bthe othercanother done答案c句意：这个年轻人非常聪明，或许他是另一个爱迪生。another“另一个，又一个”，指很多个像爱迪生这样的人中的一个。38why are you making so much noise?i just cant help _.aso bthat cthis dit答案d句意：你为什么要制造这么大的噪音？我只是管不住自己。用it来指making so much noise。39neither side is prepared to talk to _ unless we can smooth things over between them.aothers bthe othercanother done other答案b句意：除非我们能在他们之间进行调解，否则双方都不准备与对方谈。others表示“其他的人或物”；another“另一个”，指三者或三者以上中的另一个；the other表示两者中的另一个，常用于one.the other结构，表示“一个另一个”。由neither可知选b。40the manager believes prices will not rise by more than _ four percent.aany other bthe othercanother dother答案c考查代词的用法。句意：经理相信价格增长不会再超过4%。根据语境应该是“价格不会再增长超过4%”。any other“其他，另外的”；the other“两者中第二者”；another“另外，又”，放在数词前面；other表示“(三者或三者以上中的)另一个，其他的”，和more一样，要放在数字的后面。41molly，_ university student from america，teaches us _ history of western art.aan；the ba；thecthe；/ dthe；a答案b句意：莫莉，一个来自美国的大学生，教我们西方艺术史。泛指“一名大学生”，第一空用不定冠词；特指“西方艺术史”，第二空用定冠词。42his grandpa was so poor at that time that he had to get up at _ dawn every day and walk to the factory in _ distance.a/；a b/；theca；the dthe；the答案b句意：他的祖父那时候是如此地贫穷，以至于他每天天一亮就起床，走到很远的工厂去上班。at dawn“拂晓，天一亮”和in the distance“在远处”都是固定用法。43he had hoped to tour the deserted temple for _ fun，but to his disappointment he didnt find _ fun for doing that at all.a/；/ b/；thecthe；the da；the答案b句意：他本来只是因为好玩才希望去游览那座废弃的寺庙，但是让他失望的是，他发现那么做毫无意思。for fun“为了好玩”是固定短语；特指前文提到的那种“乐趣”，第二空用定冠词。44will you see to _ that you will take good care of my car while using it?athis bit cthat dhim答案b句意：你能确保在使用我的车的时候把它保养好吗？it作形式宾语，后面的从句是真正的宾语。45susan was expecting her favorite singers，but to her disappointment，_ appeared.asome bnone ceveryone dno one答案b句意：苏珊一直盼望着自己最喜欢的歌星出现，但是让她失望的是没有一个露面的。none“一个也没有”，强调数量，符合题意。some“一些”；everyone“每个人”；no one“没有人”。46i happened to see _ black and _ white cat running around my house yesterday afternoon.aa；/ bthe；/cthe；the da；a答案a句意：昨天下午，我偶然看到一只黑白相间的猫在我家周围跑来跑去。由happened to see可知第一空应用不定冠词表示泛指；cat的单数形式说明此处and用来连接由两部分组成的一个整体，故第二空不用冠词。a black and white cat意为“一只黑