新目标英语八年级上第1单元知识讲解.doc

新目标英语八年级上第1单元知识讲解【重要词汇概览】everadv.曾经onceadv. 一次twice adv. 两次internetn.互联网 programn.节目单，(电脑)程序 resultn.结果，成果key n.提醒,提示，线索，答案 songn.歌曲 junk n.垃圾，破烂物，废弃的旧物 milkn. 牛奶interviewer n.采访者 habitn.习惯,习性differencen. 不同,差异,区别graden. 分数,成绩,年级 although conj. 虽然，即使，纵然unhealthy adj.不健康的，不益健康的 skateboarding n.溜滑板运动【重要词组概览】how often 多久一次 as for 至于，关于 junk food 垃圾食品eating habit 饮食习惯 of course 当然 look after 照顾，照看start with 以开始 make a difference使得结果不同，有重要性go shopping去购物 have a party 聚会 go to the movie 去看电影once a week每周一次 hardly ever很少 twice a week 每周两次three times a week每周三次watch TV 看电视 on weekend在周末do homework 做作业 a lot of 许多try to do试图(努力)做某事 help sb (to) do sth.帮助某人做某事 the same as和相同 keep in good health 保持身体健康【语法知识聚焦】一般现在时The Simple Present Tense （1）一般现在时表示现在的状态He is twelve. 他十二岁。 They are at home. 他们在家。（2）表示经常性或习惯性的动作I go to school at seven every day. He plays soccer on Sundays.（3）表示主语具备的性格和能力等She likes apples.They speak Japanese.She is medium build.肯定式否定式I am a cleaner. I am not aYou are right. You are notHe / She / It is here.He / She / It is notWe / You / They are outgoing We / You / They are not否定式和疑问式We go to school at seven every day. He goes to school at seven every day.We dont go to school at seven. He doesnt go to school at seven.Do you go to school at seven? Does he go to school at seven?Yes, we do.（No, we dont.） Yes, he does.(No, he doesnt.)一般现在时常和表示时间频度的副词连用。如：often, usually, sometimes, always, never, hardly ever等。1. I often read books in the evening2. Do they usually go to school by bike?3. He doesnt like milk. He never drinks it.4. Sometimes my mother gets back at five.一般现在时常和以下时间表达法连用。如：in the morning, in the afternoon, in the evening, at noon, at night,every day,on Sunday(s), at seven 等。Do they have math in the morning?She sleeps nine hours every night.It takes me two hours to do my homework every day.They dont have classes on Sundays.动词第三人称单数的构成：1、直接加s：looklooks readreadsplayplays stopstops2. 在字母s, x,ch,sh,o后加es：missmisses fixfixeswatchwatcheswashwashesgogoes dodoes3. 辅音字母加y结尾的动词去y为i，再加-escarry carries study studies hurry hurries cry cries4.特殊的：have - has 新目标英语八年级上第2单元知识讲解【重要词汇概览】 matter n.事情，问题,差错 armn.臂，胳膊 backn.后背，背脊 earn.耳朵 eyen.眼睛 foot n.脚，足（pl. feet） legn.腿，腿部 neck n.脖子，颈部 nose n. 鼻子 stomachn.胃，胃部 tooth n.牙齿(pl. teeth) sore adj.疼痛的 stomachache n.胃痛,腹痛,肚子痛 throat n.喉头，喉咙 toothachen.牙痛 fever n.发烧 lie v.躺，卧，平放在某处(lay, lain) honey n.蜂蜜 dentist n.牙医 illnessn.疾病，生病 advice n.劝告，忠告，建议 thirsty adj.渴的，口渴的 heal v.医治，治愈 balance n. 平衡，平衡状态，协调 might aux.v. 可能,可以,允许(may 的过去式) beef n.牛肉 lamb n.小羊，羊羔，羊羔肉 energy n.精力，活力，能力 life n.生命，人生 beann. 豆，豆科植物 strayv. 远离，走失，离题 balancedadj.平衡的,协调的 diet n.饮食,节食 backachen.背痛 improvev.改善，改良，提高 speakingn.口语 headachen. 头痛 homestay n.待在家里 importantadj.重要的，重大的，严重的 【重要词组概览】 have a cold患感冒 stressed out 紧张的，有压力的 bean sprout豆芽 get tired感觉疲惫 stay healthy保持健康 at the moment此刻，现在 on the other hand另一方面 get a cold 患感冒 see a dentist看牙医 go to the party去参加聚会 make sb sick 使某人不舒服(患锁病) have a sore throat 嗓子痛 have a fever发烧,发热 have a toothache牙痛 have a backache背痛 have a headache头痛【语法知识聚焦】看病需要和医生交流，这是英语口语中必不可少的内容。从医生询问病情，病人诉说病情，到医生检查、诊断和医嘱，这些环节最常用的语句，同学们必须掌握。一、医生询问病情的常用语句：1. Whats wrong/the matter (with you)? 你怎么了？ Whats your trouble, young man? 年轻人, 你哪里不舒服? When did it start? 从何时开始生病的？2. How are you (feeling) now? 你现在觉得怎么样? Are you feeling better today? 你今天好些了吗?3. Have you got a headache/a cough? 你头痛/咳嗽吗?4. When did you feel unwell? 你什么时候觉得不舒服的?5. When did the pain start? 疼痛何时开始的?6. Did you sleep well? 你睡得好吗? Do you feel tired?你觉得疲劳吗?7. How long have you been like this?你像这样有多久了?8. Did you eat anything for breakfast?你早饭吃了什么没有?二、病人诉说病情的常用语句：1. I dont feel very well. / Im not feeling well. 我感到不舒服。2. I have (got) a headache. 我头痛。 I have a sore throat. 我嗓子痛。 I have a backache. / I have a pain in my back. 我后背痛。 Theres something wrong with my leg. 我的腿有毛病了。3. I feel terrible.我感到很难受。 I feel even worse.我感到情况更糟了.4. I dont feel like eating anything. 我什么都不想吃.5. I dream too much. 我的梦特别多. I cant fall / be asleep in the evening. 晚上我睡不着.6. It began two days ago. 两天前开始的.7. I dont feel any better now. 我感觉没有什么好转.8. I had noodles for lunch today. 今天午饭我吃的是面条.三、医生检查、诊断和治疗的常用语句:1. Open your mouth and say Ah-.张嘴说 啊- .2. Let me take your temperature. 让我给你量量体温.3. Theres nothing much wrong / serious with you. 你没什么大问题.4. You have got a bad cold. 你患了重感冒.5. You have to be in hospital.你得住院.6. Youd better stay in bed for a few days.你最好卧床几天. Youd better not eat too much sugar.你最好别吃太多的糖. Eat less food and take more exercise. If you do that, youll feel much healthier. 少吃些,多锻炼,不久你的身体就会健康得多. Drink more water. 多喝水. You should drink a lot of water. 你应该多喝水。 Have a good rest.好好休息.7. Take one of these pills twice a day. 这些药每次服一片,每天两次. Take the medicine after meals. 饭后服药.8. Youll soon be all right. 你很快就会康复的. I hope you feel better soon. 我希望你很快就会好起来。 Try to relax before you go to sleep. 睡觉前尽量放松一下。 Unit 1on weekends 在周末 go to the movies 去看电影 watch TV 看电视surf the Internet 上网冲浪twice a week 一周两次once a month 一月一次three times a day 一天三次be good for 对有好处junk food 垃圾食品how often 多久一次look after 照看eating habit 饮食习惯as for 就而言stay / keep healthy 保持健康make a big difference 有很大不同、对很重要1.What does she do on weekends? 她在周末常干什么？2.She often goes to the movies. 她经常去看电影。3.I watch TV every day. 我每天都看电视。4.We often surf the Internet. 我们经常上网。5.I read English books about twice a week. 我大约一周两次看英语书。6.I shop once a month. 我每月购物一次。7.She says its good for my health. 她说这对我的健康有利。8. How often do you eat junk food? 你多久一次吃垃圾食品？9.I look after my health. 我照看我的健康。10. My eating habits are pretty good. 我的饮食习惯相当好。Unit 2have a sore throat 喉咙痛see a dentist 看牙医yang foods 阳性食物be stressed out 压力大a balanced died 平衡饮食healthy food 健康食品go to bed 上床睡觉listen to mus