中考英语第一轮复习 语法专题十五 定语从句课件.ppt

第一轮复习语法专题专题十五定语从句 广东真题 1 runningmanisaveryrelaxingtvprogram ishotamongtheyoungpeople a whatb whichc whod whom 2015 广东 2 whenrobinsoncrusoegottotheisland thefirstthing hedidwastolookforsomefood a whob thatc whichd whom 2014 广东 b b 3 theyounglady isinterviewinglinzhixuanabouttheprogramiamasingerisfrom21stcenturytalentnet 2013 广东 a whob whomc whichd whose 4 therewillbeaflowershowinthepark wevisitedlastweek 2012 广东 a whob whenc whatd which d 广东真题 a 5 thefirstthing mybrotherisgoingtodothisafternoonistowritealetter 2011 广东 a whichb thatc whyd who 6 paul suncleistheman taughtusmathlastyear a whereb whichc whod when 2010 广东 b c 广东真题 考点梳理 1 定义 在复合句中修饰名词或代词 在句子中起定语作用的从句叫定语从句 2 概念 heistheboywhooftengoestoschoollate 定语从句 先行词关系词3 原则 a 定语从句一般紧跟在先行词后面 修饰先行词 翻译时 先翻译定语从句后翻译先行词 b 定语从句必须用关系词来引导 关系词在定语从句中作某种句子成分 考点一 关系代词 that who whom which whose1 that既可指人又可指物 可作主语或宾语 作宾语可省略 thebikethatyouwantedtobuywasnotgood 作buy的宾语 指物 theoldmanthatteacheschemistryinacollegeisaprofessor 作主语 指人 2 who指人 作主语或宾语 作宾语可省略 themanwho whom thatitalkedwithisourteacher 作with的宾语 指人 apersonwho thatstealsthingsiscalledathief 作主语 指人 3 whom指人 作宾语 作宾语可省略 如介词提前则不能省 theman whom who italkedtoismr li themantowhomitalkedismr li who that在许多情况下可以通用 但有时宜用who 而不用that 1 先行词是one s anyone someone those等表人的不定代词时 关系词使用who thosewhowanttogotothegreatwallsignuphere 2 在therebe句型中 先行词指人 关系词用who thereisanoldmanwhowantstoseeyou therearemanyyoungmenwhoareagainsthim 4 which指物 作主语或宾语 作宾语可省略 如介词提前则不能省 aplaneisamachinethat whichcanfly 作主语 指物 theroom that which iliveinisverybig 作宾语可省略 指物 theroominwhich where iliveisverybig 但在下列情况下 一般用that而不用which 1 先行词为all everything nothing something anything little much等不定代词时 iamsureshehassomethingthatyoucanborrow 2 先行词被all every no some any little much等修饰时 i vereadallthebooksthatarenotmine 3 先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时 thisisthefirstbookthathehasread 4 先行词被theonly thevery thesame thelast修饰时 thisistheverybookthatbelongstohim 5 当先行词既有人又有物时 iwon tforgettheschoolandthestudentsthativisitedlastyear 5 whose指人也可指物 在句中作定语 isawawoman herbagwasstolen isawawomanwhosebagwasstolen thehouseismyuncle s thewallofthehouseisred thehousewhosewallisredismyuncle s 6 介词 关系词 的定语从句 介词放在关系代词前面时 只有介词 which 指物 和介词 whom 指人 这时关系代词一律不能省略 theboxisfullofbottles heisstandingonthebox theboxonwhichheisstandingisfullofbottles themanisourschoolmaster youshookhandswiththemanjustnow themanwithwhomyoushookhandsisourschoolmaster a d 考点再现 b 考点二 关系副词 when where why1 关系副词在定语从句当中只能充当状语 当一个句子能够完整地表达一个意思时 我们就可以给这个句子加上特定的关系副词 when作时间状语 where作地点状语 why作原因状语 thisistheparkthatwevisitedlastyear 作宾语 thisistheparkwhereweheldabirthdayparty 作地点状语 shewon tforgetthedaysthatshespentontheisland 作宾语 shewon tforgetthedayswhentheystayedtogether 作时间状语 thatwasthereasonthathegavemeyesterday 作宾语 thatwasthereasonwhyhegavemeanoteyesterday 作原因状语 2 关系副词when where why可以用适当的介词 which来替代 when in on at which where in on at which why for which 介词的位置非常灵活 介词有时放在关系代词之前 有时放在动词之后 目的为了强调 iwon tforgetthedatewhen onwhich iwasborn thisistheroomwhere inwhich ilived thisistheroomwhichili