九年级英语全册 Unit 9 When was it invented 教学案（无答案） 人教新目标版.doc

2013年九年级英语全册 unit 9 when was it invented 教学案 人教新目标版section a 第一课时课前预习翻译下列句子或短语be used for _ be invented by _ light bulb_operate on sb._ microwave oven_陷入 （ ） 意外的（ ） 用这种方法 （ ）1. when was the telephone invented ?_2. what are they used for ?_3. what do you think is the most useful invention ?_4. i d like to have a radio because i could listen to music all day._一、 重点讲解及课堂练习一、重点单词1、invent v. 发明，创造 例：do know who invented the computer? 你知道谁发明了计算机吗？拓展invention n. 发明（物），创造物 例：here are some important inventions in human history. 这是人类历史上的一些重要发明。 inventor n. 发明家，该词是由动词invent+or 构成的名词。 例：edison was a great american inventor. 爱迪生是一位伟大的美国发明家。operate v. 操作，操纵，开动；运转，工作；管理，经营；起作用，奏效；动手术，开刀例：this machine does not operate smoothly. 这台机器运转不灵。the doctor operated on the babys eyes. 这位医生给这个婴儿做眼部手术。自我测评：1.thomas edison was a great american (invent). he had more than one thousand (invent) in his life.2.the boy is badly hurt, so he needs an (手术) at once.3.personal computers about 30 years ago. a. invented b. was invented c. were invented d. inventing4.these new types of computers are easy . a. operation b. to operate c. to operation d. operation5.when was umbrella ? a./;invented b. a;discovered c. an; discovered d. the; invented6.the doctor operated him at once and he at last. a. with; was saved b. on; saved c. on; was saved d. with; saved二、重要短语1、be used for 被用于，其中的for是介词，因此其后跟名词或动词作介词宾语。例：a knife is used for cutting. 刀是用来切东西的。辩析be used for, be used as , be used by ，be used to do sth., used to do sth. 与 be /become /get used to doing sth.(1) be used for 被用于，被用来做，强调用途或作用。 (2 )be used as （被）作为而使用，强调被当作工具或手段来用。 (3) be used by 被使用，by后跟人或物，强调使用者。 (4) be used to do sth. 被用来做，强调动作，其中used是动词use的过去分词。(5 ) used to do sth. 过去常常干某事，后面跟动词不定式。 (6)be /become /get used to sth/ doing sth. 习惯于某事或干某事，其中used 是形容词，to 为介词。例：keys are used for opening locks. 钥匙是用来开锁的。 “swim”can be used as noun. swim 可以作名词用。 recorders are often used by english teacher. 英语老师经常使用录音机。the knife can be used to cut meat. 这把刀可用来切肉。he used to swim in the river when he was a child. 孩提时代他经常在这条河里游泳。i have been used to the hot weather here. 我已经习惯了这里的炎热天气。注意在被动词态中经常出现“be +过去分词+ by ”结构。介词 by 之后接名词或代词宾格表示动作的发出者。例：children are taken good care of by teachers at school. 孩子们在学校受到老师们很好的照顾。自我测评1.pencils are used . a.to writing b.for write c.for writing d.writing 2.the telephone bell many years ago. a.invented b.was invented c.was invented by d.invented by3.raincoats are used for (keep)off rain.4.this notebook is used to writing down something interesting by the little girl. (改错) 5.who invented it ?(改为被动语态) whom it ?三、特殊句型1、what do you think is the most helpful invention? 分析do you think 可以看作是插入语，用“疑问词+do you think+正常语序”的结构。例：what do you think he would do next? 你认为他接下来将做什么？辩析listen to 与 hear listen to 意为“听”，表示一种“听”的动作、过程，至于结果是否听见则表示不出来；而hear意为“听见”，强调一种结果。例：i listened again , but i still heard nothing. 我又听了一下，但仍然什么也没听到。 listen to me carefully! 仔细听我说！四、疑难句子1、it gives people more time to work and play every day. 它(电灯)每天给人们更多的时间去工作和娱乐。分析动词不定式短语to work and play every day在句中作目的状语。 注意give sb. some time to do sth给某人一些时间去干某事例：joining wto gives chinese people more chances to find work.加入wto给了中国人更多找到工作的机会。2、yes，but thats not going to help you leave the island. 是的，但那也将无助于你离开那个岛。分析1该句中用了help sb. (to)do sth“帮助某人干某事这个词组，动词help后由动词不定式担当宾语补足语，可以带to，也可以不带to。 例：he helps me(do) learn english every day. 他天天帮我学英语。注意 在这些使役动词和感官动词变为被动语态时，则应该把原来省略的动词不定式符号to加上。例：the child is made to go to bed before nine oclock in the evening by his parents父母迫使那个孩子九点以前上床睡觉。lucy was heard to sing a song last night. 昨天晚上有人听见露茜唱了一首歌。被动语态概述英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。巧记为：主动、主动、主去动。例如：many people speak english.谓语：speak的动作是由主语many people来执行的。被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。巧记为：被动、被动、主被动。例如：english is spoken by many people.主语english是动词speak的承受者。主动态和被动态指的是动词形式，是词法概念；而主动句和被动句则指的是句子结构，从而是句法概念。所谓主动句就是由主动态动词(词组)作谓语动词的句子，而被动句则是由被动态动词(词组)作谓语动词的句子。例如：he opened the door.他开了门。(主动句)the door was opened.门被开了。(被动句)二、被动语态的构成被动语态由“助动词be及物动词的过去分词”构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。现以teach为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成。一般现在时：amisaretaught一般过去时：wasweretaught一般将来时：willshall betaught现在进行时：amisare beingtaught过去进行时：havehas beentaught现在完成时：havehas beentaught歌诀是：被动语态be字变，过去分词跟后面。三、被动语态的用法(1)不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。例如：some new computers were stolen last night. 一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。(不知道电脑是谁偷的)this book was published in 1981.这本书出版于1981年。(2)强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。例如：the window was broken by mike.窗户是迈克打破的。this book was written by him.这本书是他写的。歌诀：谁做的动作不知道，说出谁做的没有必要；动作承受者需强调，被动语态运用到。四、主动语态变被动语态的方法(1)把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。(2)把谓语变成被动结构(be过去分词)(根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数，以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式)。(3)把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格。例如：all the people laughed at him.he was laughed at by all the people.they make the bikes in the factory.the bikes are madeby themin the factory.歌诀是：宾变主，主变宾，by短语后面跟。谓语动词变被动，be后“过分”来使用。五、含有情态动词的被动语态含有情态动词的主动句变成被动句时，由“情态动词be过去分词”构成，原来带to的情态动词变成被动语态后“to”仍要保留。歌诀是：情态动词变动，情态加be加“过分”，原来带to要保留。例如：we can repair this watch in two days.this watch can be repaired in two days.they should do it at once.-( it should be done at once.)自我测评一：1. tom doesnt have to be made . he always works hard. a1earn bto learn c. learned d. learning2the bridge over the river three years ago ais finished bwas finished cwas finish dhas finished3. a present me by my friend on my birthday. ais giving bwas given to cis given for dwill give to 4the old men and the child in our country amust take good care bmust be taken good care cmust take good care of d.must be taken good care of5a talk on english history in our school hall last week ais given bwas given chas given dwill give6his father bought a computer for him last month(改为被动语态) a computer for him last month7 he often makes me do housework(改为被动语态) i am often houseworksection b一、根据汉语完成句子。1.do you like the _ ( 酸的 ) taste ?2.you will see a lot of _ ( 古老的 ) buildings in xian.3. i didnt _ ( 注意到 )what she wrote yesterday.4. twins songs are _ ( 令人愉快的 ).5.ive got seven days holiday _ (包括) new years day.二翻译下列句子或短语。by mistake _ not until _ by accident _in this way _ knock into _ divide into _离开（ ） 幸亏（ ） 到目前为止（ ）二、重点讲解及课堂练习重点单词1、salty adj. 咸的、含盐的 例：the oceans of the world are salty. 世界上的海洋都含盐。拓展salt n. 盐 例：please pass me the salt. 请把盐递给我。2、sprinkle v. 撒（粉末状物），洒（液体） 例：please sprinkle some pepper and salt on the fried chicken. 请在炸鸡上撒点胡椒粉和盐。3、notice v. 注意到，常用于两个词组，notice sb. do sth. 注意到某人干了某事；notice sbdoing sth注意到某人正在干某事。例: she didnt notice me .她没有注意到我。 i noticed him enter the office 我注意到他进了办公室。拓展notice还可作名词，“通告，布告，通知；公告，告示，启示；注意”等意思。例：please write the notice on the blackboard 请把通知写到黑板上。自我测评1he (注意到)that she had left already 2the soup is kind of (咸)3they (撒)sand on the floor4please dont smoke herelook at that sign sorry，i (not notice) it5i noticed him into the classroom just now。 a. was going bcame cgo dwent6they the grass water twice a week a. sprinkle ; on bsprinkle；with csprinkling；with， dsprinkling；on7the soup tastes . maybe i added too much just now a. salt; salt b. salty; salty c. salt; salty d. salty; salt重要短语1、by mistake 错误地例：i was in such a hurry that i took my brothers bag by mistake and didnt find out about it until i got on the train. 匆忙中我错拿了弟弟的书包，而且直到上火车后才发现。 分析mistake n. 误会，错误，过失 常用词组make a mistake或make mistakes出错，犯错误 例：i made some mistakes in my english test我在英语测试卷里出现了几个错误。2、according to 按照，根据，依据所说，后面常跟名词例：answer the fo1lowing questions according to the text 根据课文回答下列问题；according to the weather reporter, there will be rain tomorrow据天气预报员所说，明天将有雨。3、divideinto 把分成例：lets divide ourselves into several groups. 我们分成几个小组吧。 特殊句型1、so leaves form a nearby bush fell into the water and remained there for some time. 附近的一棵灌木树上的几片叶子落进了水中并在那里逗留了一段时间。分析 (1)nearby adj附近的，指空间上的近。 例：he lives in the nearby town他住在附近的一个小镇里。(2)remain 停留，逗留，留下，保持，可作系动词，后接形容词表状态。例：i remained in london until may. 我在伦敦一直待到五月。 the door remains closed 门关着。(3) fall into 落入，陷入 例：he saved the boy falling into the water. 他救起落水的男孩。2、the emperor noticed that the leaves in the water produced a pleasant smell. 这位皇帝注意到水中的叶子发出一种令人愉快的气味。分析（1）produce 1) 出产；生产；制造 例：america produced more cars this year than last year美国今年生产的汽车比去年多。 2）演出；出版 例：we produced a new play last night. 昨晚我们上演一部新剧。（2）pleasant 令人愉快的，舒适的，合意的，修饰物；同义词 pleased 高兴的例： im pleased to see you见到你我很高兴。 its pleasant for me to see you看到你真叫我高兴。自我测评:1the beautiful scenery will （留在）in my memory for ever.21 went to the city，but my parents at home. a、got bremained cstaying dremaining3they are very to have a party aplease bpleased cpleasant dpleasure4salt mostly (produce) in tianjin疑难句子1、later he decided to taste the hot mixture . 后面他决定品尝这种热的混合物。注意decide to do sth“决定去干某事”的意思。拓展(1)taste的用法; 1)尝，品尝，辩味；尝出的味道；尝到，感到，体验；例：please taste the soup and see if it has enough salt 请尝一口汤，看盐够不够。 it tastes sweet这东西吃起来很甜。 2) 味道，滋味，味觉 例：its bitter to the taste这味道是苦的。 sugar has a sweet taste糖有甜味。 (2)mixture 混合物，混合体 例)air is a mixture of gases空气是各种气体的混合物。2、knocking into players and falling down would be dangerous撞上选手摔一跤可能很危险。分析(1)句中使用了动名词作主语，需要注意的是动名词作主语时谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。 例：walking on the grass is not allowed 禁止在草地上行走。 (2)knock into sb意为“撞到某人身上”。 例：when you knock into somebody，you should say sorry。当你撞到别人的时候，应该说对不起。3、basketball has also become a popular sport for people to watch , and many young people dream of becoming famous basketball players篮球也已成为更受观众喜爱的；年轻人渴望成为著名的篮球选手。 例：its time to go该走了。(单纯的修饰关系) he was the first teacher to come 他是第一个来的老师。（逻辑主谓关系） do keep your promise to write to us. 一定遵守诺言给我们写信。(逻辑同位关系)2)dream of梦想，向往，渴望 该短语为动介短语，后接名词、代词或动名词。 例：little did i dream of ever seeing you again 我做梦也没有想到会再见到你。自我测评一:1i wasnt careful enough to an old man while walking along the street aknock off bknock up c knock into dknock out2the milk strangedo you think its ok to drink? awas tasted btasted cis tasting dtastes3in the end, we decided (visit) the great wall4it is important for you (read) english every day5linda dreams of (visit) the great wall some day6thomas edison saved money (build) his own lab.自我测评二：把主动语态改为被动语1、we dont clean the classroom every day. the classroom _ every day.2、we keep the noise under 50 dbs(分贝) here . the noise_ under 50 dbs here.3、did they plant many fruit trees on the hill last spring? many fruit trees on the hill last spring?4someone saw him swim in a lake yesterday . he to swim in a lake yesterday.5、do many peop