湖北省宜昌市葛洲坝中学高中英语 Unit 1 Cultural relics Part III Learning about language学案（无答案）新人教版必修2.docVIP

part iii learning about language（the restrictive and non-restrictive attributive clause）一 【学习目标】1、掌握限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别；2、掌握as引导的非限制性定语从句；3、掌握介词which/whom引导的定语从句 二 【自主预习】定语从句根据其与先行词的关系，可分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句，二者分别见下表。分类意义结构特征关系词功能翻译策略限制性定语从句用来修饰/限定先行词，去掉后句意不完整主从句之间无逗号，从句紧随先行词之后没有限制修饰先行词合译非限制性定语从句补充说明意义独立，去掉后主句可表达完整意义主从句间有逗号不能用that引导修饰先行词或整个句子分译 观察总结观察下列几组定语从句，试着归纳总结其规律并填空。 in china ，the spring festival is an important holiday when family members get together。 in china ，the spring festival is an important holiday ，when family members get together。观察上面一组例句可知： 句由_ 引导的 _ 定语从句，先行词为 _ 可译为：在中国，春节是一个一家人团聚的重要节日。 句由_引导的 _定语从句，先行词为 _ 可译为：在中国，春节是有一个隆重的节日，届时家人们都会团聚在一起。 the old couple has a son who works in a big company。 the old couple has a son，who works in a big company。观察上面一组例句可知： 句由_ 引导的 _ 定语从句，先行词为_此处who可以用 _代替。可译为，这对老夫妇有一个在大公司工作的儿子（也许还有别的儿子） 句由_ 引导的 _ 定语从句，先行词为_ 此处who不可用_代替。可译为_。 i prefer to buy a house which has a big study。 i prefer to buy a house，which has a big study。观察上面一组例句可知： 句由_引导的 _定语从句，先行词为_，此处which可以替换为 _。可译为，我宁愿买那套带一套大书房的房子。 句由_ 引导的 _ 定语从句，先行词为_，此处which不可用_代替。可译为，我想买一套房子，它有一个大书房。 whitney houston died on feb. 11, which shocked her fans. ben laden was killed, as is known to the world. as is known to the world , ben laden was killed. 观察上面一组例句可知： 句由_ 引导的 _ 定语从句，其中 which 指代_, 句由_ 引导的 _ 定语从句，as指代_, 句由 引导的 _ 定语从句，as指代_.句中，which，as均不能用that代替。注意：1：as 引导非限定性定语从句时，常代替整个主语的内容，位置较灵活，可位于主语前或后，也可插在主语中间，在从句中作主语，宾语或表语，常翻译为“正如.”。常见的as结构有：as everybody knowsas we all knowas is known to everybodyas we can seeas you may remember as is often the case 等。如：as we all had expected，all the places of interest were crowded with tourists。2：写出下面句子中as的语法成分 he married her, as was natural. _ she has been absent again, as often happens. _ he is an old kind farmer, as anybody can see. _ einstein, as we all know, is a famous scientist. _3. as和which引导非限制性定语从句的区别:（1） as引导非限制性定语从句时，先行词一般为整个主句；而which 引导非限制性定语从句时，先行词既可以是整个主句又可以是主句的一部分。（2） as引导的从句位置比较灵活，可位于先行词之前，之中或之后，而which 引导的从句仅能位于先行词之后。（3） as 引导从句时常译为“正如”，而which 常译为“这；那；这一点。” 介词which/whom 引导的定语从句 1.frederick william i，to whom the amber room belonged ， decided not to keep it.2.the girl with whom you talked at the meeting is a college student.3.he is a learned man with whom we are familiar.4.this is the book on which i spent $8.5.this is the pen with which i wrote the letter.观察上面一组例句可知：【总结】1,2,3句是由介词_ 引导的定语从句，其中whom 在句中均指代_。4,5句由代词_引导的定语从句中，其中 which 在句中指代_。介词关系代词引导的定语从句中，指代事物只能用_指代人只能用_。 【总结】从句中介词的选取，主要从以下几方面来判断：(1)介词与先行词构成搭配如何4,5 句： spend $8 _ the book（which）； wrote the letter _ the pen（which）；(2)介词和从句中的形容词或动词构成固定搭配如句: the amber room belonged _ frederick william i （whom）, you talked _ _the girl（whom）at the meeting ，we are familiar_ the man （whom）.三、【合作探究】翻译句子（1） the river which/that runs through the city centre brings us lots of pleasure._(2) the woman with whom you shook hands just now is the head of the company._(3) bessie is our monitor, who is kind and always ready to help others._2. 写出下列句子中which 指代什么？（1） mike sold his old furniture, which made his father angry.which 指代_. (2 ) the house which i bought last month has a lovely garden.which 指代_.3. 完成句子(1) he gave us another piece of advice, _ valuable to the research work. (think) 他给我们提了一条建议，我认为对研究工作有价值。(2) this house, _$150,000, is now worth $300,000.(pay) 这个房子，他用了$150,000买的，现在值$300,000。（3）ill never forget those days _ together with my grandparents. (play) 我永远也无法忘记跟我爷爷奶奶一起玩的那些日子。 (4) in his village, he was the first one of the students _ a key university. (accept) 他是村里第一个被重点大学录取的人。（5）mary is very patient with the children, _. (be) 玛丽对孩子们很有耐心，而她的丈夫很少是这样。 (6) my mother was so proud of all _ that she rewarded me with a trip to beijing. (do) 我妈妈对我所做的一切感到自豪，以至于她奖赏我去北京旅游一趟。(7) yesterday we went to visit the farm _ for nearly ten years. (work) 昨天我们参观了我的父亲在那里工作了近十年的农场。(8) the reason _ attend the meeting was that they didnt give him an invitation earlier. (refuse) 他拒