中考重难点预测(临考无敌版).doc

中考预测形容词1. The boy is the tallest in our class.=the boy is taller than any other student(单数) in our class.=the boy is taller than the others in our class.=the boy is taller than the other students（复数） in our class.注意：比较级前面常见的修饰词有much,even,far 例如 much more， much better， even worse最高级的一个结构： one of the most young students2. 表示两者是同等程度，用as +形容词原级+as. 如：He is as tall as I. he is as taller as I (错误)I have as many books as you.As .as 中间不能用比较级3. 越 越例如：The more I learn, the happier I amI have never had a better dinner.这是我吃过的最好的一顿饭4. already, yetalready表示某事物已经发生，主要用于肯定句；yet表示期待某事发生，主要用于否定句和疑问句。如： Weve already watched that film.（改为否定句） We havent watched that film yet.5. hard, hardlyhardly意为几乎与hard在词义上完全不同。如：I work hard every day.I can hardly remember that.6. late, latelylately意为最近、近来，late意为晚、迟。如：He never comes late.Have you been to the museum lately?例3I havent been to London yet.I havent been there _.A too B also C either D neither解析：该题正确答案为C。A和B都用于肯定句中。D-neither本身意为否定两者都不，而C-either则用于否定句中，意为也。二）介词 某些介词的意义与用法举例（1） at, on, in（表时间）表示时间点用at,如at four oclock, at midnight等；表示不确定的时间或短期假日也用at,如at that time, at Christmas等。指某天用on, 如on Monday, on the end of November, 指某天的朝夕用on,如on Friday morning, on the afternoon of September lst等。指长于或短于一天的时段用in,如in the afternoon, in February, in Summer, in 1999等。例2 He suddenly returned _ a rainy night.A on B at C in D during解析：我们均知道，at night这一短语，但如果night前有修饰词，表具体的夜晚，则要用介词on来修饰，故该题正确答案为A。（2） between, among（表位置）between仅用于二者之间，但说三者或三者以上中的每两个之间的相互关系时，也用between, 如Im sitting between Tom and Alice.The village lies between three hills.among用于三者或三者以上之间。如：He is the best among the students.（3） beside, besidesbeside意为在旁边，而besides意为除之外。如：He sat beside me.What do you want besides this?例1 Do you know any other foreign language_ English?A except B but C beside D besides解析：A、B两项except等于but，意为除了，C-beside意为在旁边，不符合题意。而D-besides, 意为除了之外，还有。所以该题正确答案为D。该题意为：除了英语外，你还知道别的语言吗？（4）in the tree, on the treein the tree 指动物或人在树上，而on the tree 指果实、树叶长在树上（三）连词（做题技巧：直接把词放到句子中翻译）(1) although 虽然Although it was late, they went on working.(2) or 或者，否则Hurry up, or youll be late.Are you a worker or a doctor?(3) as soon as 一 就（主将从现）Ill tell him as soon as I see him.（4）unless 除非，如果不I wont go unless it is fine tomorrow.（5）until 直到He didnt leave until eleven. (瞬间动词用于not until 结构) 翻译为：直到。才He stayed there until eleven.（6）since自从I have lived here since my uncle left.（since后面接过去时）（四）动词时态、语态例 I learned that her father _ in 1950.A had died B died C dead D is dead解析：该题正确答案为。从句中的谓语动词动作虽然发生在主句谓语动词的动作之前，但因从句中有明确的过去时间状语in 1950, 所以不用过去完成时态，而用一般过去时态。对比一下：her father died in 1950.（过去时） her father has died since 1950(完成时)7）辨析give away(捐赠) 和 give out (分发，发放)=hand output away（放起，收起） 和 put out （扑灭）turn up（出席，放大） 和 turn on （打开）keep out（阻止） 和 keep off （不让靠近）make up（编造，补上） 和 make out（辨认）take off（脱，起飞） 和 take out（拿出）例 _! Theres a train coming.A Look out B Look around C Look forward D Look on解析：该题选A. look out 意为小心。动词不定式（1） 作定语不定式作定语时，须放在它所修饰的名词或代词后。如：I have two letters to write.I have a lot of work to do.（2）作主语时，为了保持句子的平衡，往往以it作形式主语，而不定式置于谓语动词后。如：Its nice to hear from you.Its not easy to be a good teacher.例 I havent got a chair _.A to sit B for to sit on C to sit on D for sitting解析：该题选C。不定式to sit on在句中作定语，修饰名词chair. 因为不定式和它所修饰的名词间是动宾关系，所以不定式必须是及物动词，故此处on不能省略。背诵以下几个句子：I have no pen to write with. I have a room to live in例2 He was made _.A go B gone C going D to go解析：该题选D。 make sb. do sth. 如果是被动形式，不定式do前的to不能省略相类似的词有：he was let to he was seen to he was heard to （3）tooto 结构。“太。以至于不能” 如：He was too young to go to school.= he was not old (换成相反的形容词) enough（放在后面） to go to school. （enough 会不会默写正确？）= he was so young that he cant go to school.几对常见的反义词：late-early heavy-light(轻) tall/long-short （4） 疑问词不定式结构。 如：I dont know how to choose them.= I dont know what to choose.(记住，what比how多一个字母，所以what to do 后面不用加东西，注意此题经常在短文填空里面考)I cannot decide where we should go. (同义句转换)= I cannot decide where to go.（5） 作目的状语，翻译为“。目的是为了。”He got up early to catch（赶） the first bus. 记住：Catch a cold/fever 得感冒/发烧He worked hard to catch up with（赶超） the other students. 记住：come up with （=think up）an idea/answer. 想出一个想法或答案动名词） 作主语Playing football is my favorite sport.） have结构 have sth done 使。被做We have the car repaired. 记住：repair=fix up 尤其要记住fix up 修理 过去式 fixed up 三单 fixes up 有可能出现在翻译里面情态动词-Must I go now. -Yes, you must. (No, you neednt./ No, you dont have to.) 不必Need I go now? -Yes, you must./No, you neednt.)When the traffic light is red, you mustnt(禁止) go.He must(一定) be in the office now.He cant（一定不） be in the office. He is at home.He might/can/may（可能） be in the office, I am not sure. 注意：前几年经常考must和cant比较多，今年有可能考mustnt（禁止）和can（可能）记住：做此类题目，一定要结合句子实际情况作答，是一定还是一定不，有些情况下是必须的，有些情况下是禁止的（比如禁止照相，禁止游泳，禁止闯红灯，禁止践踏草坪等凡是不能做的事），有些情况是不必的（言外之意是现在做也可以，不强求）反问疑问句（前肯后否，前否后肯，也别注意有无否定词）例1，Dont forget to post the letter, _ ?A. will you B. do you C. wont you D. shall you例2，Lets go out for a walk, _ ?A. will you B. wont you C. shall we D. do we例3，He hardly writes to you, _ ? 类似的词还有 little few never A. doesnt he B. does he C. do they D. has he4） 陈述部分包括used to 时，反问部分可有两种形式，如: You used to get up early, usednt (didnt) you?5） 陈述部分是there + be结构时，反问部分用there，如:Theres something wrong with you, isnt there?6） 注意have/has/had到底是实义动词还是助动词。如：she had lunch, didnt she ?(实意动词，用do/did/does) She has had lunch, hasnt she? （第一个为助动词，因为后面接了过去分词。所以用has/had）主谓一致性1）、用and或bothand连接的并列主语，谓语动词用复数，如，Both he and I are right.但并列主语如果指的是同一人，同一事物或同一概念，谓语动词用单数，如, His teacher and friend is a beautiful girl.（主要看名词前有几个修饰词或者冠词，只有一个就说明是同一个人）比如：the teacher and writer 一个冠词，这明显是一个人2）、主语是单数时，尽管后面跟有as well as, but ,except, besides, with ,along with, together with, like等，谓语动词仍用单数，如，The teacher with his students is excited. （注意：重点是with 这个词出现要特别注意，很可能是地雷）3）意义上一致（1）、表时间、距离、价格、度量衡等的名词作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数，如，Twenty years is not a long time. 提示：看到数字一定要注意（2）、表示总称意义的名词public, police, cattle, clothes等作主语时，谓语动词用复数，如，People are talking about the accident.（3）、有些集合名词，如family, team等作主语，如作为一个整体看待，谓语动词用单数，如指其中每个成员，则用复数，如，My family is a big one.My family are watching TV. （主要看后面动词是不是只有人才能够发出）3、就近一致用连词or, eitheror, neithernor, whetheror, not onlybut also, 还有there be 句型等连接的并列主语，如果一个是单数，一个是复数，则谓语动词按就近一致原则，与最靠近它的主语一致，如， Either you or I am mad. 注意：1.both。and 永远是复数形式 2. either of, neither of 后面一般用单数（不要形成定向思维，一看到这两个词就选择就近一致）例2、They each _a copy of the new physics.A. have B. has C. having D. gets解析：该题答案为A。They each不等于each of , each of 这个词组作主语谓语用单数如each of the students hands in their homework，而they each作主语，谓语要随each前面的词来变化。倒装句1.here, there置于句首时，主谓倒装，但如果主语是人称代词时，主语和谓语语序不倒装，如，Here comes the bus.Here he comes.2.So she does so do I neither do I （用于否定） 做题技巧：只要选项中出现了I ,基本上是用全倒装，也就是说I 一般放在最后词汇辨析1. few, a few, little, a little, several, somefew 和little的意思是否定的,表示“很少”或“几乎没有”;而a few和a little的意思是肯定的,表示“有一些,有一点儿”few 和 a few修饰可数名词;little 和 a little 修饰不可数名词2. spend, pay ，take, cost, (考试时两注意：主语和时态)主语是人的有：spend(spent), pay(paid)I spent two days on this book.=I spent two days (in)reading this book.=it took me two days to read this book.pay 主要指主语(某人)买某物(或为某事)付多少钱(给某人)?如:I pay for my rooms by month. 我按月支付租金I paid two yuan for this book.=I spent two yuan on this book主语是物的有：take(took), cost(cost)take常常用来指“花费”时间,句子的主语通常是表示事物的词语?如:How long will this job take you?你做这项工作要花多长时间? It takes/took sb some time to do sth cost 指花费时间?金钱或力气等,只能用表示事物的词做主语,并且不能用于被动语态?如:How much does the jacket cost?这件夹克多少钱?67.He paid five dollars for that new pen(同义句)_it_ _cost_ him five yuan to buy that new pen3.speak, say, talk, tell这四个动词都有“说”的意思?speak的意思是“讲话;演讲”,着重指说话的动作,指开口说或连续不断地说,多用作不及物动词;用作及物动词时,其宾语是语言名称?如:He can speak Japanese. 他会说日语。say的意思是“说;讲”,一般用作及物动词,着重指说话的内容?它的宾语可以是名词?代词或直接引语等?如:She says, “Dont draw on the wall!”她说:“别在墙上画画!”talk的意思是“说;讲;谈话”,与speak意义比较接近,但不如speak正式,着重强调两人之间的相互谈话,也可指单方面的谈话?如:She is talking with John in English.她正在和约翰用英语交谈。tell意为“告诉;讲述;吩咐”,多指以口头方式将某事告诉某人,常接双宾语?除了story, news, truth, joke, lie(谎言)等直接宾语外,还可以接人等间接宾语?如:She is telling the children a story.她正在给孩子们讲故事。4. bring, take, carry, fetch这四个词都是动词,都含有“带”或“拿”的意思,但使用的场合各不相同。bring （）作“带来,拿来”解?如:Next time dont forget to bring me a copy of your work. 下次不要忘了把一份你的作品带给我。take （）是bring的对语,作“带去,拿去”解?如:Take the box away, please. 请把盒子拿走。carry （）表示“运载,携带”之意,运送的方式很多,可以用车、船,也可以用手甚至用头。如:This bus is licensed to carry 100 passengers. 这辆巴士准载一百人。fetch （）则表示“去拿来”的意思。如:Please fetch me the documents in that room. 请到那间房间去把文件拿来给我。5. too much, much too二者都有“太,非常”之意,much too为副词词组,修饰形容词?副词,不可修饰动词。如:Its much too cold.天气实在是太冷了。too much作“太多”讲,有以下三种用法?(1)作名词词组 如:You have given us too much. 你给我们的太多了。(2)作形容词词组修饰不可数名词 如:Dont drink too much wine. 不要饮太多的酒(3)作副词词组修饰不及物动词 如:She talks too much. 她说话太多6. lonely, alone二者都可表示“孤独,独自”,alone指客观存在的“孤独”,而lonely更偏重一种主观感受上的“寂寞”。如:I went alone. 我是一个人去的。Mary lived alone, but she didnt feel lonely. 玛丽孤身一人生活,但她并不感到孤独注意区别：sleeping 与 asleepWaking 与 awakeLiving 与 alive Lonely 与 alone 记住：后者以a 开头的单词后面不能接名词 例如可以说 a sleeping dog 但是不能说an asleep dog,但是可以说A dog is asleep.7. happen, take place(没有被动语态) 即只能看到 happened, has happened, took place, has taken placehappen有“偶然”的意思,多用于客观事物?情况的发生?。如:Whatever has happened to your arm? Its all swollen. 你的手臂怎么了?肿得好历害！take place 指事件发生,但常用来表示“举行”的意思,带有非偶然性?例如:The meeting took place last night.会议昨晚举行。8. in front of, in the front of in front of的意思是“在前面”。如:There is a tree in front of the house.房子前面有一棵树。in the front of的意思是“在前部”,指在某个空间范围内的前面。如:There is a blackboard in the front of the classroom. 教室里前部有一块黑板10. find, find out(有可能在翻译里考), look for两者都有“发现”的意思,但语义有差别。find有偶然发现某物的意味。如:He found a bag on the floor. 他发现地板上有个书包。find out指“经过,探听,询问”,指调查之后的“发现”或“弄清楚”。如:Please find out who took my book by mistake.请查清楚谁错拿了我的书。Look for 找的过程 如：I am looking for you, but I cant find you. 11. noise, voice, sound这三个词都作“声音”解,在表示“听到声音”这个意思时,三者可以通用，但它们又各有特定的含义。sound 作“声音”解,含义最广,指可以听到的任何声音,如:a weak sound 微弱的声noise作“噪音,嘈杂声,吵闹声”解,指不悦耳,不和谐的声音，它既可作可数名词,也可作不可数名词。如:Another kind of pollution is noise. 另外一种污染是噪音。Make noise voice 作“声音”解时,多指人发出的声音,包括说话声、歌声和笑声。如:He shouted at the top of voice. 预测考题：he has a beautiful voice. The Voice of China (中国好声音)12. arrive, get, reach三者均可表示“到达”,arrive后通常接介词at(一般用于较小的地方)或 in(一般用于较大的地方)?如:We arrived at the station five minutes late. 我们晚了5分钟到车站?又如:They will arrive in Paris next Monday. 他们将于下周星期一到达巴黎?注意：arrive home, arrive here, arrive there 中间没有介词get之后通常接介词to。如:When we got to the park, it began to rain. 我们到达公园时,就开始下雨了。reach是及物动词(较 get更正式),其后可直接跟地点名词做宾语(不能用介词)。如:He reached Beijing yesterday. 他昨天到达北京。注意：这里面唯一可以独立出现的是arrive 如：when did you_? 这里面只能填arrive（预测考题）13. 特殊疑问句：How many . . . are there （+地点状语）某地有多少人或物回答用There be . . .Theres one. / There are two / three / some . . .有时直接就用数字来回答。One. / Two . . .-How many students are there in the classroom?教室里有多少学生-Theres only one. / There are nine. 只有一个。/有九个。14. 如果名词是不可数名词，用：How much + 不可数名词 + is there + 地点状语How much water is there in the cup?杯中有多少水疑问词辨析（对划线句子提问）How many +可数名词复数 How much +不可数名词名词 （还可以对价格提问） 如：how much is this pair of shoes? How much are the shoes? 问价格的时候注意单复数的确定How soon 对 in three days ，tomorrow等将来时提问 与when 的区别 注意观察空格后面 _ _ will 填how soon _ _ he 填 when does/did例：.He met an old friend of his when he walked in the street yesterday.( 对划线部分提问) _when_ _did_ he meet an old friend of his?How often 对频率提问 如 often ,usually, once a week, never, every two days(每隔两天)等 与how many times 的区别How far 对距离路程提问 如 five minutes walk/ride/drive, 100 meters等How long 对时间的提问 如 since 5 years ago, for 5 days 当然，可以对长度提问，如 10 meters 顺便复习对天气提问：what is the weather like? How is the weather? 注意比较区别对职业提问：what is your father? What does your father do? What is your fathers job? (考的较少) 主要职业，student, doctor, worker, nurse, teacher等对年龄提问： how old 对颜色提问： what color对选择疑问句提问： which one 还可以对 the man under the tree is my father. 提问宾语从句（疑问词+陈述语句）如：can you tell me when you will leave? I forgot when you left. (注意前后时态一致) 但是以 could you . Would you 开头的句子后面不一定用过去时 Could/would you tell me where you will go?( )30. -Could you please tell me _? -I live in Enshi, Hubei. A. where do you live B. if you live in Enshi C. where you live D. where you were born( )35. -Excuse me, could you tell me _? -Sorry, sir. I wasnt there at that time. A. how did the accident happen B. how the accident happened C. how does the accident happen D. how the accident happens但是要注意：如果后面接的是客观真理，如 the earth goes/travels around the sun. the moon goes around the earth. Light travels faster than sound.以及什么节日在多少号等等，即使是前面用的是一般过去时，后面还是用一般现在时 the teacher told me that the earth goes/travels around the sun.( )1. -Excuse me, are these books _? -No, they are _ classmates. A. his; he B. hers; hers C. your; mine D. yours; my( )2. Is there anything_ in your purse?A. other B. another C. else D. some( )3. Everyone knows there was a serious earthquake _2:28pm _ May 12th,2008_Sichuan Province.A.on, in ,at B. at ,on, in C. in, at ,on D.on,in,of.( )4All the kids had a lot of fun _ Childrens DayThey sang and danced happily all day AinBatCofDon( )5. Do you speak French or Russian? Im sorry, I speak_.A. either B. both C. neither D. none( )6. It rained heavily this morning, but _ of my classmate were late for school.A. neither B. none C. all D. both( )7. Your MP4 is quite cheap. Where did you buy _? I want to buy _, too. A. one; one B. it; it C. it; one D. one; it( ) 8. -Do you know Huang Ting well? -Yes. She and I _ friends since we met in Wuhan last summer. A. have made B. were C. have been D. become( ) 9. -Your brother doesnt get up early, does he? -_. But he gets up late on weekends. A. Yes, he does B. No, he doesnt C. Yes, he doesnt D. No, he does( ) 10. Dont worry. He is _ to look after little Betty. A. carefully enough B. enough careful C. careful enough D. enough carefully( ) 11. I cant still understand the passage _ there are few new words in it. A. so B. because C. if D. though ( ) 12. I dont know if my uncle _. If he _, I will be very happy. A. comes; will come B. will come; will come C. comes; comes D. will come; comes( ) 13. Maria _ at 6:30 every morning by her mother to get ready for school. A. was woken up B. woke up C. wakes up D. is woken up( )13If your homework _ , you may watch TV for half an hour.Ais finishedBwill be finishedChas finishedD will finish( )14. Paper-making is _ of ancient China. A. one of greatest inventor B. one of the greatest inventors C. one of greatest invention D. one of the greatest inventions( )15. -I hear _ your grandpa _your grandma like watching Min Opera. -Right, just as many old people do in Fuzhou. A. both; and B. either; or C. neither; nor D. not only; but also( )16. -Must I _ my camera, Lily? -No, you _. Dont worry. Ill take one myself. A. to take; mustnt B. take; neednt C. to bring; neednt D. bring; mustnt( )17. -Why are you in such a hurry, Mike? -There _ an NBA basketball game in ten minutes. A. will have B. will be C. is going to have D. are going to be( )18. -We will build a subway in Fuzhou before 2014. - Wow, _ ! Will it pass our place? A. what an excited news B. how excited the news is C. what exciting news D. how exciting news( )19. -Jack, I havent seen your brother for a long time. -He _ Shanghai on business for two months. A. went to B. has gone to C. has been in D. has been to ( )20. I hardly kn