湖南省茶陵县高中英语 Unit 3 Tomorrow’s World Grammar and usage课件 牛津译林版必修4.ppt

unit3 unit3tomorrow sworld thepassivevoice modalverbsandthepassivevoice verbsoftenusedinthepassivevoice grammarandusage 句子的主动语态和被动语态在意义上区别很小 在主动语态中 句子的主语是动作发出者 在被动语态中 句子的主语是动作的接受者或受影响者 thepassivevoice thelovelyrobotsattractsthevisitors thevisitorsareattractedbythelovelyrobots s v o o v s thegreatwallwasvisitedbymanypeoplelastyear s v o o v s manypeoplevisitedthegreatwalllastyear 被动语态的基本形式是be 过去分词 通过改变be的时态 可以构成不同时态的被动语态 e g foodiskeptinthefridge theglasswasbrokenbytheboy thepassivevoiceindifferenttenses do does are isdone am is aredoing has havedone am is arebeingdone have hasbeendone begoingto willdo did was weredoing haddone begoingto willbedone was weredone was werebeingdone hadbeendone 在用被动语态时还要注意以下几点 在被动语态中 动作发出者往往置于by之后 但在不必指出动作发出者是谁 动作发出者并不重要或很难指出动作发出者是谁时 一般不提及动作发出者 e g boththeheadsetsandtheglovesareconnectedtoacomputernetwork 在give lend offer send tell和show等动词后 可带有两个宾语 分别指人和指事物 当带有这些动词作谓语的句子变为被动语态时 通常用指人的宾语作句子的主语 有时也可用指事物的宾语作句子的主语 e g ourteacheroftentellsussomeinterestingstoriesinenglish weareoftentoldsomeinterestingstoriesinenglish someinterestingstoriesareoftentoldtousinenglish 在主动语态中 有些动词后常接宾语和不带to的动词不定式 在被动语态中 则使用带to的动词不定式 e g ioftenhearthegirlplaythepianointheafternoon thegirlisoftenheardtoplaythepianointheafternoon 在被动语态中 有时get可用来代替be 如getchanged getdressed和gethurt等 e g mybikegotstolenlastnight you dbettergetchangedquickly asthepartywillbeginsoon theeggsseemtohavegotbroken 有些动词可用主动语态形式来表示被动意义 e g thissweaterwasheswell thepenwritessmoothly thekindofcomputersellswellinchina 表示状态的动词不能用被动语态 e g ilikepopsongsandoftenlistentothem hehasabighouseneartheriver youcandependonhertodealwiththesituation 一些特殊的被动语态句型 it 动词的被动语态形式 that引导的从句e g itissaidthathewillrecoversoon itisbelievedthatthethreemissingsailorshavedrowned 主语 动词的被动语态形式 动词不定式e g thesunwasoncethoughttotravelaroundtheearth 常用于这类句型的动词有say believe report suppose know和prove等 answers 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 arebeing theelectricwearcompany beendeveloped wasinvented areused beencompleted willbeproduced willbe beenannounced arecleaned canbecleaned readtheinformationonpage49andcompletethereportontheevent 情态动词的被动语态形式可用于谈论能力 可能性 职责和允诺等 e g firefighterscouldbetrainedusingrealcine modalverbsandthepassivevoice 2 情态动词的被动语态形式是在情态动词后加be和过去分词 e g computercanworkoutthepositionoftheuseratanytime e g thepositionoftheusercanbeworkedoutatanytime 情态动词 不带to的动词不定式 情态动词 be 过去分词 readthetableonpage50andnotetheuseofthesemodalverbsintheactiveandpassivevoices readthefirstreportonpage50andcompletethesecond answers 1 2 3 4 5 canbereduced mustbetaken mustbeworn maybecome oughttobereduced someverbsareoftenusedinthepassivevoiceandfunctionlikeadjectives e g thechildrenaregettingexcitedaboutthecomingholiday don tyougettiredofarguingaboutthesamethingallthetime verbsoftenusedinthepassivevoice lookatthetimelineshowingthehistoryofnapsterandcompletethearticleonpage51 answers 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 boredwith interestedin wasfounded wereemployed wassurprisedat wasaccusedof wascloseddown waspurchased 1 itremains whetherjim llbefitenoughtoplayinthefinals a seenb tobeseenc seeingd tosee 被动语态练习 2 yourjob openforyourreturn thanks a willbekeptb willkeepc hadkeptd hadbeenkept 3 idon tsupposethepoliceknowwhodidit well surprisinglytheydo amanhasbeenarrestedand now a hasbeenquestionedb isbeingquestionedc isquestioningd hasquestioned 4 tomsoundsverymuch inthejob buti mnotsurewhetherhecanmanageit a interestedb interestingc interestinglyd interestedly5 theflowers sweetinthebotanicgardenattractthevisitorstothebeautyofnature a tosmellb smellingc smeltd tobesmelt 6 professorjameswillgiveusalectureonthewestern