高考英语一轮备考习题精练10.doc

2014届高考英语一轮备考习题精练10done might expect that the evergrowing demands of the tourist trade would bring nothing but good for the countries that receive the holidaymakers. indeed, a rosy picture is painted for the longterm future of the holiday industry. every month sees the building of a new hotel somewhere. and every month another rockbound pacific island is advertised as the last paradise(天堂) on earth. however, the scale and speed of this growth seem set to destroy the very things tourists want to enjoy. in those countries where there was a rush to make quick money out of seaside holidays, overcrowded beaches and the concrete jungles of endless hotels have begun to lose their appeal.those countries with little experience of tourism can suffer most. in recent years, nepal set out to attract foreign visitors to fund developments in health and education. its forests, full of wildlife and rare flowers, were offered to tourists as one more untouched paradise. in fact, the nature all too soon felt the effects of thousands of holidaymakers traveling through the forest land. ancient tracks became major routes for the walkers, with the consequent exploitation of precious trees and plants.not only can the environment of a country suffer from the sudden growth of tourism. the people as well rapidly feel its effects. farmland makes way for hotels, roads and airports; the old way of life goes. the onetime farmer is now the servant of some multinational organization; he is no longer his own master. once it was his back that bore the pain; now it is his smile that is exploited. no doubt he wonders whether he wasnt happier in his village working his own land.thankfully, the tourist industry is waking up to the responsibilities it has towards those countries that receive its customers. the protection of wildlife and the creation of national parks go hand in hand with tourist development and in fact obtain financial support from tourist companies. at the same time, tourists are being encouraged to respect not only the countryside they visit but also its people.the way tourism is handled in the next ten years will decide its fate and that of the countries we all want to visit. their needs and problems are more important than those of the tourist companies. increased understanding in planning worldwide tourism can preserve the market for these companies. if not, in a few years time the very things that attract tourists now may well have been destroyed.71what does the author indicate in the last sentence of paragraph 1?a. the pacific island is a paradise. b. the pacific island is worth visiting.c. the advertisement is not convincing. d. the advertisement is not impressive.72the example of nepal is used to suggest _a. its natural resources are untouched b. its forests are exploited for farmlandc. it develops well in health and education d. it suffers from the heavy flow of tourists73what can we learn about the farmers from paragraph 4?a. they are happy to work their own lands. b. they have to please the tourists for a living.c. they have to struggle for their independence. d. they are proud of working in multinational organizations.74which of the following determines the future of tourism?a. the number of tourists. b. the improvement of services.c. the promotion of new products. d. the management of tourism.75the authors attitude towards the development of the tourist industry is _a. optimistic b. doubtful c. objective d. negative【要点综述】 本文主要介绍了旅游业的发展对当地以及环境等方面的影响。71. c考查推理判断。由“every month sees the building of a new hotel somewhere. and every month another rockbound pacific island is advertised as the last paradise(天堂) on earth”可知每个月广告上不停地更换所谓的太平洋上某个岛是“地球上最后的天堂”，由此可推出广告是不可信的，故选c项。72. d考查推理判断。由第三段第一、二句“those countries with little experience of tourism can suffer most. in recent years, nepal”可知尼泊尔的例子是用来说明其受到旅游的负面影响。73. b考查推理判断。由第四段后几句“the onetime farmer is now the servant of some multinational organization; he is no longer his own master. once it was his back that bore the pain; now it is his smile that is exploited. no doubt he wonders whether he wasnt happier in his village working his own land.”曾经的农民成为了某些跨国组织的仆人，自己不再主宰自己的生活，强颜欢笑来取悦游客谋生。74. d考查细节理解。由最后一段第一句“the way tourism is handled in the next ten years will decide its fate”可知旅游业的管理决定其未来。75. c考查观点态度。综观全文可知，作者只是客观地介绍了旅游业发展的相关问题。c52013辽宁卷 d“indeed，”george washington wrote in his diary in 1785, “some kind of fly, or bug, had begun to eat the leaves before i left home.” but the father of america was not the father of bug.when washington wrote that, englishmen had been referring to insects as bugs for more than a century, and americans had already created lightningbug(萤火虫)but the english were soon to stop using the bugs in their language, leaving it to the americans to call a bug a bug in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.the american bug could also be a person, referring to someone who was crazy about a particular activity.although fan became the usual term, sports fans used to be called racing bugs, baseball bugs, and the like.or the bug could be a small machine or object, for example, a bugshaped car. the bug could also be a burglar alarm, from which comes the expression to bug, that is, “to install(安装) an alarm”. now it means a small piece of equipment that people use for listening secretly to others conversations.since the 1840s, to bug has long meant“to cheat”， and since the 1940s it has been annoying.we also know the bug as a flaw in a computer program or other design.that meaning dates back to the time of thomas edison.in 1878 he explained bugs as “little problems and difficulties” that required months of study and labor to overcome in developing a successful product.in 1889 it was recorded that edison “had been up the two previous nights discovering a bug in his invented record player.”68we learn from paragraph 1 that _aamericans had difficulty in learning to use the word bugbgeorge washington was the first person to call an insect a bugcthe word bug was still popularly used in england in the nineteenth centurydboth englishmen and americans used the word bug in the eighteenth century69what does the word “flaw” in the last paragraph probably mean?aexplanation. bfinding.corigin. dfault.70the passage is mainly concerned with _athe misunderstanding of the word bugbthe development of the word bugcthe public views of the word bugdthe special characteristics of the word bug【要点综述】 本文是说明文，主要讲单词bug在意义上的发展变化。68d推理判断题。根据“在1785，华盛顿在日记中使用bug”和“在19和20世纪，英国人停止使用bug”，说明这两国人在18世纪都使用过bug这个词。69d词义猜测题。根据“爱迪生把它解释为小问题或困难”可知，fault和flaw意思相近。70b主旨大意题。文章讲述了bug在意义上的发展。c52013陕西卷 dabout 30 years ago, i left cuba for the united states with my son. after getting settled finally in brunswick, new jersey, i enrolled(注册) my son in kindergarten. several weeks later, my sons teacher asked me to meet him at his office.in the teachers office, an exchange of greetings was followed by his questions：“is your son mentally retarded(弱智的)? does he suffer from any kind of mental disability？”was he talking about my wonderful scola? no, no, it cant be. what a helpless, lonely moment! i told him that scola was a quiet, sweet little boy, instead. i asked him why he was asking me all these questions.my son could not follow the teachers directions, he told me, and thus, scola was disrupting the class. didnt he know my son did not speak english yet?he was angry：“why hasnt your son been taught to speak english? dont you speak english at home？”no, i didnt speak english at home, i replied. i was sure my son would learn english in a couple of months, and i didnt want him to forget his native language. well, wrong answer! what kind of person would not speak in english to her son at home and at all times? “are you one of those people who come to this country to save dollars and send them back to their country, never wanting to be a part of this society？”needless to say, i tried to tell him i was not one of “those people”. then he told me the meeting was over, and i left.as i had expected, my son learned to speak english fluently before the school year was over. he went on to graduate from college and got a job, earning close to six figures. he travels widely and leads a welladjusted, contented life. and he has benefited from being bilingual(双语的)speaking more than one language allows people to communicate with others; it teaches people about other cultures and other placessomething very basic and obviously lacking in the “educator” i met in new jersey.57the teacher asked the author to his office _ato discuss scolas inclass performancebto get scola enrolled in kindergartencto find a language partner for scoladto work out a study plan for scola58what does the underlined word “disrupting” in paragraph 4 probably mean?abreaking. bfollowing.cattending. ddisturbing.59the authors attitude towards being bilingual may best be described as _acritical bcasualcpositive dpassive60this text is likely to be selected from a book of_amedicine beducationcgeography dhistory【要点综述】 本文作者通过说明自己儿子学习语言的过程和他最后的成功经历，说明了“双语”学习的重要性。57a推理判断题。根据第二和第四段可知，学校老师让作者去学校的目的是为了探讨作者的儿子在学校的表现，选a。58d词义猜测题。disrupting所在句子的意思是：他告诉我，我儿子经常不按老师的指令做，他经常干扰课堂。由此可知此处该词的意思是“干扰”，选d。59c推理判断题。通读最后一段可知作者对于“双语”学习持积极、肯定的态度，选c。60b推理判断题。本文探讨的是关于孩子的教育问题，由此可以推断出本文选自教育类书刊，选b。c62013浙江卷 ano one knows for sure when advertising first started. it is possible that it grew out of the discovery that some people did certain kinds of work better than others did them. that led to the concept of specialization, which means that people would specialize, or focus, on doing one specific job. lets take a man well call mr. fielder, for example. he did everything connected with farming. he planted seeds, tended the fields, and harvested and sold his crops. at the same time, he did many other jobs on the farm. however, he didnt make the bricks for his house, cut his trees into boards, make the plows(犁), or any of the other hundreds of things a farm needs. instead, he got them from people who specialized in doing each of those things. suppose there was another man we shall call mr. plowright. using what he knew about farming and working with iron, mr. plowright invented a plow that made farming easier. mr. plowright did not really like farming himself and wanted to specialize in making really good plows. perhaps, he thought, other farmers will trade what they grow for one of my plows. how did mr. plowright let people know what he was doing? why, he advertised, of course. first he opened a shop and then he put up a sign outside the shop to attract customers. that sign may have been no more than a plow carved into a piece of wood and a simple arrow pointing to the shop door. it was probably all the information people needed to find mr. plowright and his really good plows. many historians believe that the first outdoor signs were used about five thousand years ago. even before most people could read, they understood such signs. shopkeepers would carve into stone, clay, or wood symbols for the products they had for sale. a medium, in advertising talk, is the way you communicate your message. you might say that the first medium used in advertising was signs with symbols. the second medium was audio, or sound, although that term is not used exactly in the way we use it today. originally, just the human voice and maybe some kind of simple instrument, such as a bell, were used to get peoples attention. a crier, in the historical sense, is not someone who weeps easily. it is someone, probably a man, with a voice loud enough to be heard over the other noises of a city. in ancient egypt, shopkeepers might hire such a person to spread the news about their products. often this earliest form of advertising involved a newly arrived ship loaded with goods. perhaps the crier described the goods, explained where they came from, and praised their quality. his job was, in other words, not too different from a tv or radio commercial in todays world. 41what probably led to the start of advertising? athe discovery of iron. bthe specialization of labor. cthe appearance of new jobs. dthe development of farming techniques. 42to advertise his plows, mr. plowright _. apraised his plows in public bplaced a sign outside the shop chung an arrow pointing to the shop dshowed his products to the customers43the writer makes up the two stories of mr. fielder and mr. plowright in order to_. aexplain the origin of advertising bpre