高考英语阅读理解巩固练习（41）.docVIP

2014高考英语阅读理解巩固练习（41）及答案do american children still learn handwriting in school? in the age of the keyboard, some people seem to think handwriting lessons are on the way out. 90% of teachers say they are required to teach handwriting.but studies have yet to answer the question of how well they are teaching it. one study published this year found that about three out of every four teachers say they are not prepared to teach handwriting. some teachers are teaching handwriting by providing instruction for 10 15 minutes a day, and then other teachers who basically teach it for 60 to 70 minutes a day which really for handwriting is pretty much.many adults remember learning that way by copying letters over and over again. today s thinking is that short periods of practice are better. many experts also think handwriting should not be taught by itself.instead, they say it should be used as a way to get students to express ideas. after all, that is why we write.handwriting involves two skills. one is legibility,_which means forming the letters so they can be read. the other is fluency writing without having to think about it. fluency continues to develop up until high school.but not everyone masters these skills. teachers commonly report that about onefourth of their kids have poor handwriting. some people might think handwriting is not important any more because of computers and voice recognition programs.but steve graham at vanderbilt says word processing is rarely done in elementary school, especially in the early years. american children traditionally first learn to print, and then to write in cursive, which connects the letters. but guess what we learned from a spokeswoman for the college board, which administers the sat college admission test. more than 75 percent of students choose to print their essay on the test rather than write in cursive.【文章大意概括】文章介绍了在键盘普及的年代美国的书法教学情况。1we can learn _ from paragraph 1.a. teaching handwriting is a basic requirement in teaching jobb. most teachers prefer to teach handwritingc. teachers spend little time in teaching handwritingd. a keyboard has taken the place of the handwriting entirely【详解剖析】推理判断题。根据第一段中“90% of teachers say they are required to teach handwriting”可知书法教学是基本的教学要求，a项为正确推论。根据“one study published this year found that about three out of every four teachers say they are not prepared to teach handwriting”可知，很多老师不愿意教书法课，b项错误；根据第一段末句可知c项错误；根据全段判断，只是说键盘普及使一些人认为书法渐渐过时了，d项错误。【最佳选项】a2which of the following is wrong for traditional handwriting in the usa?a. the students are taught by practicing a long period.b. the letters are repeated many times.c. handwriting includes two skills.d. to write in cursive is taught first.【详解剖析】细节认定题。根据第二段可知，传统的书法教学重复很多遍并且持续时间长，因此a、b两项内容正确。根据第三段第一句可知c项内容正确；根据最后一段第二句可知d项内容错误。【最佳选项】d3the underlined word “legibility” in paragraph 3 means _.a. easy to read b. complexc. unexpected d. unreadable【详解剖析】推测词义题。根据下文“which means forming the letters so they can be read”可推测画线词的意思是“清楚，易读”。【最佳选项】a4the best title for the passage is _.a. how to improve handwriting in schoolb. right or wrong: the death of handwritingc. handwriting involves two skillsd. handwriting lessons are on the way out【详解剖析】标题归纳题。作者对美国书法教学的现状作了叙述，没有自己的主观评论，故选择b。a项没有涉及，c项只是其中一部分内容，d项只是一部分人的观点。【最佳选项】b5the author s attitude towards whether still to learn handwriting in school is_.a. negative b. objectivec. critical d. optimistic【详解剖析】态度判断题。根据全文的叙述，作者只是将美国书法教学的现状和不同人的观点呈现出来，并没有发表自己的见解，因此作者持客观的态度。【最佳选项】b长难句解读one study published this year found that about three out of every four teachers say they are not prepared to teach handwriting.今年公布的一项研究发现，大约每四个教师中就有三个说他们不准备教书法了。published this year为过去分词短语作后置定语，found后面为宾语从句，其中又含有一个宾语从句they are not prepared to teach handwriting。 a southampton university team found that people who were vegetarians by 30 had recorded five iq points higher on average at the age of 10. researchers said it could explain why people with a higher iq were healthier as a vegetarian diet was linked to lower heart disease and obesity rates. the study of 8,179 people was reported in the british medical journal.twenty years after the iq tests were carried out in 1970, 366 of the participants said they were vegetarians although more than 100 reported eating either fish or chicken.men who were vegetarians had an iq score of 106, compared with 101 for non-vegetarians; while female vegetarians averaged 104, compared with 99 for non-vegetarians. there was no difference in the iq scores, between strict vegetarians and those who said they were vegetarians but reported eating fish or chicken.researchers said the findings were partly related to better education and higher class, but it remained statistically significant after adjusting for these factors.vegetarians were more likely to be female, to be of higher social class and to have higher academic or vocational qualifications than non-vegetarians. however, these differences were not reflected in their annual income, which was similar to that of non-vegetarians.lead researcher catharine gale said, “the findings that children with greater intelligence are more likely to report being vegetarians as adults, together with the evidence on the potential benefits of a vegetarian diet on heart health, may help to explain why a higher iq in childhood or adolescence is linked with a reduced risk of coronary heart disease in adult life.but dr frankie phillips of the british dietetic association said，“it_ is_ like _the _chicken _and _egg. do people become vegetarians because they have a very high iq or is it just that they are clever enough to be more aware of health issues？”【文章大意概括】研究表明，素食和高智商有一定的关系。1what s the result of the research mentioned in the text?a. intelligent children are more likely to become vegetarians later in life.b. children with a higher iq are less likely to have heart disease later in life.c. intelligent children tend to belong to higher social class later in life.d. children with a healthier heart tend to have a higher iq later in life.【详解剖析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“people who were vegetarians by 30 had recorded five iq points higher on average at the age of 10”可知a项正确。根据“it could explain why.”可知这一结果可帮助解释b项中的现象，但b项并非这次研究的结果。故本题选a。【最佳选项】a2it was found in the research that_.a. most of the participants became vegetarians 20 years after the iq tests were carried outb. vegetarians who ate fish or chicken were of similar intelligence with strict vegetariansc. female vegetarians were more likely to have higher annual income than non-vegetariansd. vegetarians were more likely to have higher annual income than non-vegetarians【详解剖析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“there was no difference in the iq scores between strict vegetarians and those who said they were vegetarians but reported eating fish or chicken”可知答案。【最佳选项】b3catharine gale talked about “being vegetarians” in a(n)_way.a. doubtful b. favorable c. negative d. objective【详解剖析】推理判断题。根据第六段可知catharine gale只是客观地讲述研究结果，并没有表示自己的立场。故选d项。【最佳选项】d4what does the underlined sentence in the last paragraph mean?a. intelligence is linked to not just being a vegetarian but to many factors.b. the rate of getting heart disease is linked to your lifestyle.c. the link between a high iq and being a vegetarian is still uncertain.d. the link between a healthy heart and diet remains to be proved.【详解剖析】推理判断题。文章最后一句的意思是：人们成为素食者是因为他们智商高还是因为他们足够聪明而更注意健康问题？由此可见dr frankie phillips认为素食和高智商的因果关系尚未明确，就像弄不清楚是因为有蛋才有鸡，还是因为有鸡才有蛋一样。故c项正确。【最佳选项】c5what s the best title for the text?a. get more iq points!b. be a vegetarian, please!c. vegetarian diet cuts heart riskd. a high iq is linked to being a vegetarian【详解剖析】标题概括题。本文介绍了一项研究结果：素食与高智商有关，故d项正确。作者并未提出建议，所以a、b两项错误；文章中虽然提到了心脏病，但不是文章的主旨，故c项错误。【最佳选项】d长难句解读(1) a southampton university team found that people who were vegetarians by 30 had recorded five iq points higher on average at the age of 10.本句是含有定语从句的复合句。who were vegetarians by 30是定语从句，修饰先行词people。(2)there was no difference in the iq scores between strict vegetarians and those who said they were vegetarians but reported eating fish or chicken.there was no difference in the iq scores between strict vegetarians and those是主句，who said they were vegetarians but reported eating fish or chicken是定语从句，修饰先行词those。 (2011辽宁卷，a)i got my first drivers license (执照) in 1953 by taking driver education in my first year at central high school in charlotte，north carolina.four years later when it was time to renew my license i was a married woman.henry and i were living in baltimore，maryland.two weeks before my 20th birthday，henry drove me to the motor vehicle office on a hot july afternoon.when i got to the office and showed to the man behind the counter my north carolina drivers license，ready to renew，the man told me that i was under age by maryland law since i was not yet 21.“mr.henry smith，your husband，will have to sign for you，”he said.i argued，pointing to a very large belly (肚子) of mine，“i am married.i am having a baby.why should i have to have someone sign for me to drive？”he answered coldly，“its the law，madam.”henry encouraged me to calm down，just go ahead and get the license and be done with it.“no，”i said.i refused to have him sign for me.so i left without a maryland license.i called the north carolina motor vehicle office and renewed my nc license by mailusing my name susan brown.and thus it was for the next twelve years.since henry was in the army i could drive under my home state license.by the time henry left the army we were once again living in maryland，and i had to take the maryland drivers exam.since then i just go in and renew every four yearssign the name susan brown，have my new picture taken，and walk out with a license to drive.本文讲述了美国不同的州法律不一样。在北卡罗莱纳州，中学时就可拿驾照，而在马里兰州21岁才能申请驾照。1susan got her first drivers license_.abefore she got married to henrybwhen she was twenty years oldcafter she finished high schooldwhen she just moved to maryland答案：a。细节理解题。根据短文第一段第一、二句话可知，苏珊在上中学时拿到的第一个驾照，四年后换证时，她已结婚了。由此可知a项正确。2susan failed to renew her license the first time in maryland because_.ashe was forbidden to drive by maryland lawbshe lacked driving experience in marylandcshe was to give birth to a baby soondshe insisted on signing for herself答案：d。推理判断题。根据第三段可知，她拒绝丈夫替她签名注册，因此她没拿到驾照。由此可知正是因为她坚持自己签名注册，使她没换证成功。3we can infer from the text that in the us._.aamerican males should serve in the armybdifferent states may have different lawscpeople have to renew their licenses in their home statesdwomen should adopt their husbands family names after marriage答案：b。推理判断题。由马里兰州和北卡罗莱纳州的法律来看，不同的州有不同的法律。b(2011山东卷，b)tim richter and his wife, linda, had taught for over 30 years near buffalo, new yorkhe in computers, she in special education. “teaching means everything to us，” tim would say. in april 1998, he learned he would need a heart operation. it was the kind of news that leads to some serious thinking about lifes purpose. not long after the surgery, tim saw a brochure describing imagination library, a program started by dolly parton s foundation (基金会) that mailed a book every month to children from birth to age five in the singers home town of sevier, tennessee.“i thought, maybe linda and i could do something like this when we retire，” tim recalls. he placed the brochure on his desk, “as a reminder.”five years later, now retired and with that brochure still on the desk, tim clicked on imagination . the program had been opened up to partners who could take advantage of book and postage discounts.the quality of the books was of great concern to the richters. rather than sign up online, they went to dollywood for a looksee. “we didnt want to give the children rubbish，” says linda. the booksreviewed each year by teachers, literacy specialists, and dollywood board membersincluded classics such as ezra jack keatss the snowy day and newer books like anna dewdneys llama llama series. satisfied, the couple set up the richter family foundation and got to work. since 2004, they have shipped more than 12,200 books to preschoolers in their area. megan williams, a mother of four, is more than appreciative: “this program introduces us to books ive never heard of .”the richters spend about $400 a month sending books to 200 children. “some people sit there and wait to die，” says tim. “others get as busy as they can in the time they have left.”本文讲述了tim心脏手术后，对人生的目标有严肃认真的思考，术后，参加dolly parton的基金会，并与妻子linda成立了richter家庭基金会，每月花400美元给学龄前儿童买书。4what led tim to think seriously about the meaning of l