高考英语 阅读理解精英训练题（19）.doc

2014高考英语阅读理解精英训练题（19）及答案阅读下列短文， 从每题所给的四个选项（a、b、c和d）中，选出最佳选项。afrom good reading we can derive pleasure, companionship, experience, and instruction. a good book may absorb our attention so completely that for the time being we forget our surroundings and even our identity. reading good books is one of the greatest pleasures in life. it increases our contentment when we are cheerful, and lessens our troubles when we are sad. whatever may be our main purpose in reading, our contact with good books should never fail to give us enjoyment and satisfaction.with a good book in our hands we need never be lonely. whether the characters portrayed are taken from real life or are purely imaginary, they may become our companions and friends. in the pages of books we can walk with the wise and the good of all lands and all times. the people we meet in books may delight us either because they resemble human friends whom we hold dear or because they present unfamiliar types whom we are glad to welcome as new acquaintances. our human friends sometimes may bore us, but the friends we make in books need never weary us with their company. by turning the page we can dismiss them without any fear of hurting their feelings. when human friends desert us, good books are always ready to give us friendship, sympathy, and encouragement. one of the most valuable gifts bestowed by books is experience. few of us can travel far from home or have a wide range of experiences, but all of us can lead varied lives through the pages of books. whether we wish to escape from the seemingly dull realities of everyday life or whether we long to visit some far-off place, a book will help us when nothing else can. to travel by book we need no bank account to pay our way; no airship or ocean liner or stream-lined train to transport us; no passport to enter the land of our hearts desire. through books we may get the thrill of hazardous adventure without danger. we can climb lofty mountains, brave the perils of an antarctic winter, or cross the scorching sands of the desert, all without hardship. in books we may visit the studios of hollywood; we may mingle with the gay throngs of the paris boulevards; we may join the picturesque peasants in an alpine village or the kindly natives on a south sea island. indeed, through books the whole world is ours for the asking. the possibilities of our literary experiences are almost unlimited. the beauties of nature, the enjoyment of music, the treasures of art, the triumphs of architecture, the marvels of engineering, are all open to the wonder and enjoyment of those who read.1. why is it that we sometimes forget our surroundings and even our identity while reading?a. no one has come to disturb you.b. everything is so quiet and calm around you.c. the book you are reading is so interesting and attractive.d. your book is overdue; you are finishing it at a very fast speed.2. how would you account for the fact that people like their acquaintances in books even more?a. they resemble human friends exactly.b. they are unfamiliar types we like.c. they never desert us.d. they never hurt our feelings.3. which of the following is true?a. your wish to visit some far-off place can be realized through the pages of the books. b. to escape from the dull realities of everyday life you should take up reading. c. books can always help you to live a colorful life. d. you may obtain valuable experience from reading good books.4. the word “weary” means _. a. “to attract someones attention”b. “to distract someones attention” c. “to make someone very tired”d. “to make someone interested”5. “. the whole world is ours for the asking” implies that _.a. in books the world is more accessible to usb. we can ask to go anywhere in the worldc. we can make a claim to everything in this worldd. we can make a round-the-world trip free of charge12345ccdca*结束 阅读下列材料，从每题所给的四个选项（a、b、c和d）中，选出最佳选项。a a woman from japan was telling a friend about her trip to the united states. the woman had visited major businesses and investment companies in new york city and chicago.“i studied english before i left home,” she said. “but i still was not sure that people were speaking english.” her problem is easy to understand. americans in business are like people who are in business anywhere. they have a language of their own. some of the words and expressions deal with the special areas of their work. other expressions are borrowed from different kinds of work such as the theater and movie industry. one such saying is “get your act together”.when things go wrong in a business, an employer may get angry. he may shout, “stop making mistakes. get your act together.or, if the employer is calmer, he may say, “let us get our act together.” either way, the meaning is the same. getting your act together is getting organized. in business, it usually means to develop a calm and orderly plan of action.it is difficult to tell exactly where the saying began. but, it is probable that it was in the theater or movie industry. perhaps one of the actors was nervous and made a lot of mistakes. the director may have said, “calm down, now. get your act together.”word expert james rogers says the expression was common by the late 1970s. mister rogers says the manchester guardian newspaper used it in 1978. the newspaper said a reform policy required that the british government get its act together.now, this expression is heard often when officials of a company meet. one company even called its yearly report, “getting our act together.”the japanese visitor was confused by another expression used by american business people. it is “cut to the chase”.she heard that expression when she attended an important meeting of one company. one official was giving a very long report. it was not very interesting. in fact, some people at the meeting were falling asleep.finally, the president of the company said, “cut to the chase.”cut to the chase means to stop spending so much time on details or unimportant material. hurry and get to the good partnaturally, this saying was started by people who make movies. hollywood movie producers believe that most americans want to see action movies. many of their movies show scenes in which the actors chase each other in cars, or in airplanes or on foot。cut is the directors word for stop. the director means to stop filming, leave out some material, and get to the chase scene now. so, if your employer tells you to cut to the chase, be sure to get to the main point of your story quickly.1. after the woman visited the united states she might feel that _. a. its difficult to make money b. its easy to master english c. her english was poor d. people there werent very friendly2. in which situation could the words “get your act together” be used? a. visitors make a tiresome and unpleasant trip to someplace. b. players perform badly in a match. c. audience is satisfied with the actors performance in a movie. d. a task is completed successfully 3. according to the text, the expression “get ones act together” _. a. was first used by a japanese business woman b. was commonly read by readers in a newspaper in 1978. c. originally came from a yearly report of a company d. was forbidden to be used in the government policy 4. what do the sayings “get your act together” and “cut to the chase” have in common? a. their origins b. their meanings c. their uses d. their popularities5. the text is most likely to be found in a book about _. a. life attitude b. travel journals c. successful business d. language culture 参考答案 cdbad 第三部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(a、b、c和d)中，选出最佳选项。a(2012北京西城期末)traffic managementtraffic lights are key tools for regulating traffic flow.they are not，however，perfect.drivers complain the traffic jams that would happen at unmanaged crossings for a pattern of stopgo movement that can still be annoying，and which burns more fuel than a smooth passage.creating such a smooth passage means adjusting a vehicles speed so that it always arrives at the lights when they are green.that is theoretically possible，but practically hard.roadside signs wired to traffic lights can help get the message across a couple hundred metres from a crossing，but such signs are expensive，and are not widespread.margaret martonosi and emmanouil koukoumidis at princeton university，and lishiuan peh at the massachusetts institute of technology，however，have an idea that could make the process cheaper and more effective.instead of a hardwired network of signs，they propose to use mobile phone applications.for a driver to benefit，he must load the teams software，named signalguru，into his phone and then put it on a special thing attached to the inside of his cars windscreen，with the camera lens(镜头)pointing forward.signalguru is designed to detect traffic lights and track their status as red，yellow or green.it broadcasts this information to other phones in the area that are fitted with the same software，andif there are enough of themthe phones thus each know the status of most of the lights around town.using this information，signalguru is able to calculate the trafficlight schedule for the area and suggest the speed at which a driver should travel in order to avoid red lights.tests in cambridge，massachusetts，where five drivers were asked to follow the same route for three hours，and in singapore，where eight drivers were asked to follow one of two routes for 30 minutes，revealed that signalguru was capable of predicting trafficlight activity with an accuracy of 98.2% and 96.3% respectively，in the two cities.this was particularly impressive because in cambridge the lights shifted，roughly halfway through the test，from their unbusy schedule to their afternoontraffic schedule，while in singapore lights are adaptive，using detectors fixed under the road to determine how much traffic is present and thus when a signal should change.in neither case was signalguru fooled.fuel consumption fell，tooby about 20%.signalguru thus reduces both annoyance and fuel use，and makes going back and forth to work a slightly less horrible experience.56roadside signs wired to traffic lights are not the best way to create a smooth passage because _.athey are expensive and easily breakbthey are too costly and not widely usedcthey are complex and confusing to driversdthey are theoretically possible but practically useless57signalguru is an application used on _.aa camera ba computerca mobile phone da gps system in ones car58with the information it collects and processes，signalguru is able to _.ahelp drivers avoid traffic accidents bhelp drivers to adjust their speedcchange the traffic lights in advance dsend information to all cell phones59the tests in cambridge and signapore were impressive because signalguru _.aproved to be unreliable boperated at a high speedcfunctioned rather stably dunderstood drivers schedules56b根据文章第二段第三句中的“.but such signs are expensive，and are not widespread.”可知应选b项。57c根据第三段第一句中的“for a driver to benefit，he must load the teams software，named signalguru，into his phone.”可知，signalguru是一种安装在手机里的应用软件，故选c项。58b根据第三段的最后一句“using this information，signalguru is able to calculate the trafficlight schedule for the area and suggest the speed at which a driver should travel in order to avoid red lights.”可知，signalguru可以帮助司机调整车速，避免等红灯。59c根据第四段中的“this was particularly impressive because in cambridge.in neither case was signalguru fooled.”可知，在这两个试验中，虽然各有干扰因素，但是signalguru运作相当稳定，并未受到“愚弄”，因此选c项。 (2012山西山大附中月考)awardwinning author emma donoghues latest book，room，is a unique and amazing story about a boys experience living in a small，windowless room with his mother.the 11squarefoot space between the walls of the room is actually all the boy knows because he was born there and has never left.room will horrify，surprise，sadden，and finally delight you.attracted from the start，readers of all sorts wont want to put room down.first published in the us.in september 2010publisher：little brown321 pagesliterary master ian mcewan returns with solar，a novel about a nobel prizewinning physicist.the physicists personal life is in a mess as his fifth marriage breaks up，but this time he actually loves his wife and wants to make things better.solar is a funny story，completely unusual and as good as anything the writer has ever written.published in march 2010publisher：knopf doubleday304 pagesone day by david nicholls was an international bestseller before it was released in the us.in june.although it is well written and funny at times，dont be fooledthis isnt a romantic comedy.if you decide to read it，be prepared for some heavy moments.published in the us.in june 2010publisher：vintage contemporaries437 pagesfall of giants by ken follett is the first book in a new trilogy(three books)that will take readers through the major events of the twentieth century by following five families.in fall of giants，most of the action centers on world war and the bolshevik revolution.although fall of giants is more than 1,000 pages and has many characters，the story is remarkably connected.published in september 2010publisher：dutton1008 pages64according to the text，the latest and longest novel is _.aroom bsolar cone day dfall of giants65we can know from the text that _.athe main character of room has a wide range of knowledgebsolar is the only book that ian mcewan has ever writtencall the four books were not published in the same monthdone day is a funny romantic comedy that sells very well66what can we infer from the passage?aian mcewans fifth marriage broke up.broom by emma donoghue has a happy ending.cthe publisher of one day is little brown.ddutton and ken follett are both publishers.64d根据四本书的出版时间和页数可知选d项。65c根据四本书的出版时间可知，一本在3月出版，一本是在6月出版，还有两本在9月出版，故c项正确。66b从第一段的“.finally delight you.”可知，room这本书有一个愉快的结局。*结束 in the face of tragedy(悲剧)，you must of course let yourself feel：cry without holding back，shake with fear，yell out in anger，accept and follow your feelings.this is part of the wise approach to tragedy：the upward paththe feeling of emotions(情感)，the acceptance of them，and the coupling of the emotional mind with wisdom.along this path，youll take the experienceno matter how sad or upsettingas a learning event，just as all other points on your journey will prove to be.while tragic，you must recognize this is still a chance for all involved to grow.you should let both sadness and joy，fear and courage，dark and light fill your world，and learn to find your steady，calm center in the midst of the opposing forces.this is the upward path.use the event as a chance to gain balance and discover wisdomthe wisdom of love and of letting go，of nonattachment and nonresistance，and using this experience to eventually help others in need of guidance.being able to relate to others who have also experienced tragedy and inspire in them hopeof recovery，of insight，and of moving forwardis perhaps the greatest gift you can receive from tragedy.turn the negative into positive，the pain into connection.after youve taken appropriate time to be sad，to feel your own pain，you should make it your work，your goal，your purpose to connect with others who need help.show them how youve experienced feelings，achieved balance，and gained wisdom that you would never have otherwise had the chance to learn.feel，but do not feed on tragedy.rather，let it inspire you to go beyond the person who you were before.with demise comes renewal，so let this loss be also your rebirth.no matter how hopeless it seems，no matter how difficult this becomes，you have the power to transform yourself into someone greater than you ever knew you could be.67when following the upward path，the person facing tragedy should _.afree his emotions bhold back all his feelingscfill his world with positive ideas dgive in to tragedy and all opposing forces68according to the author，the greatest gift one gets from tragedy is being able to _.aseek solutions from others bunderstand and help otherscstay calm and resist change dforgive others and move on69the underlined word“demise”in the last paragraph probably means _.asorrow bproblem cdifficulty ddeath70the purpose of the passage is to _.aanalyze the causes of tragedybtell people how to prevent tragedycsuggest a way of dealing with tragedydencourage people to build friendship after tragedy67a根据第一段中“while tragic，you must recognize this is still a chance for all involved to grow.use the event as a chance to gain balance and discover wisdomthe wisdom of love and of letting go.”可知，如果一个人沿着向上的轨迹，那么当他面对悲剧时，就会释放他的情绪，获得心理平衡，发现智慧。故a项正确。68b根据第二段中“being able to relate to others who have also experienced tragedy and inspire in them hopeof recovery，of insight，and of moving forward.”可知，能与那些经历过不幸的人相处并鼓励他们去获取希望。故b项正确。69d由语境可知，让不幸来鼓励你超越你前面的人，以死亡来振兴自己，让失利成为你的重生。70c本文主要讲述了如何去面对不幸及解决方法。故c项正确。.（2011全国ii）asince 1984, philadelphia has been cleaning up its act. one by one, graffiti-covered walls are being changed into outdoor art. so far, more than 1,800 murals（壁画）have been painte