主谓一致学案及练习.doc

主 谓 一 致 讲 与 练一 谓语动词用单数1.不定代词 each, another, the other, either, neither 和由some, any, no, every + one/thing/body 所构成的复合代词做主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。 Neither of us _ (have) gone through regular training. Nobody _ (want)to go there. Something _ (have) been done to prevent the river from being polluted.2.当eachand each,everyand every,noand no, many aand many a.等结构，谓语动词用单数形式。 No man and no animal _ (be) to be found on the moon.在月球上没有发现人和动物。 Many a doctor and many a nurse_ (be) busy with their work.许多医生和护士都在忙于他们的工作。3.表示时间、距离、金额、重量、计量、空间、体积等意义的名词做主语，谓动常用单数。 Three years in prison _ (be) a long time for him. Twenty years _ (be) not a long time. (整体） Twenty years _ (have) passed since he left. 4. 单个的动词不定式、-ing形式或从句做主语，谓动用单数。 To learn English well _ (be) difficult. Reading newspapers every day _ (keep) you informed of what is happening in the world. Why she did this _ (be) not known.在以what从句作主语的”主系表“结构中，主句的谓动要以表语名词的单复数而定。 What caused the accident _ (be) a complete mystery. What his father left him _ (be) a few English books.5.Many a, more than one+单数名词构成的短语做主语，尽管意义上是复数，但谓动仍用单数。 Many a scientist _ (have) tried this way of solving the problem before. More than one person _ (be) ready to try his luck this time.6. 不可数名词或单数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。There _ (be) much water in the thermos. The city _ (be)founded in the 8th century BC. 7主语由and 连接 但意义上指同一个人、同一件事或同一概念时，谓语动词要用单数, 注意and连接的两个名词前只有一个冠词。 The singer and writer _ (be) famous to everyone. A pen and book _be) what I need. Early to bed and early to rise _you healthy. All work and no play _ (make) Jack a dull boy. (只工作不玩耍,聪明孩子也变傻.)比较: My friend and lawyer _ (have ) caught a very bad cold. My friend and my lawyer _ (have ) caught a very bad cold.8主语是以s结尾的学科及专有名词（书/格言）时，如：the United States, the New Times, Arabian Nights等，谓动要用单数。 Mathematics _ (be) the only course that Mary failed in. The Times usually _ (speak) for the American government.二 谓语动词用复数1. 可数名词复数或both, (a) few, many. several 等做主语时, 谓动常用复数。 Both (of) the instruments _ (be) not precise ones. Many cities in China _ (be) very beautiful, attracting people from all over the world.2. 不可数名词前有quantities of/ amounts of修饰时，谓动常用复数；但其前为a quantity of/ an amount of修饰时，谓动仍用单数。 Large quantities/amounts of water _ (be) needed.A large quantity/amount of water _ (be) needed.3. 由and连接的两个单数名词做主语时，谓动一般用复数。 The singer and the writer _ (be) famous to many young people.The French and English language _ (have) something in common.4.集体名词如cattle, police,people等做主语时，谓动常用复数。The police _ (be) investigating the crime.这些词如要表达单数概念，则用a herd of cattle, a policeman /policewoman, a person。5.“the+形容词/过去分词”表示一类人或事物时，谓动用复数。The wounded _ (have) been taken to the hospital.The old in our country _ (be) taken good care of.6.群岛、山脉、瀑布等专有名词如: the Alps, the Philippines, Niagara Falls等做主语时，谓动用复数。Niagara Falls _ (be) a splendid scene.三 就远原则：主语+as well as, rather than, like, but ,except ,besides, with, along with, together with, including, in addition to主语一致原则 An iron and steel works, with some satellite factories, _ (be) to be built here. The professor, together with many of his students, _ (be) entering the meeting hall. No one but your parents _(be ) there then. Mr Green besides his daughters _ (like) sports. Tom, together with Mary and Alice , _ going to swim this afternoon.四 就近原则 ：由not onlybut also, eitheror,neithernor, or,notbut等连接的并列主语及there be句型中，谓动通常依据就近原则。 There _ (be) a pen and some books on the desk. There _ (be) some books and a pen on the desk. Either you or I _ (be) mad. Neither I nor you _ (have) passed the exam.五 意义一致原则：1. what, which, who, none, some, any, more, most, all等作主语时，谓语动词的单复数由这些代词指代的词的单复数意义决定。Who _ (live) next door? It is Xiao Liu. Who _ (live) next door? They are Zhang and Liu. All _well that ends well. All _ eager to reach an agreement2. audience, class, crew, crowd, public, committee, family, team, group, army, population等做主语时，如指一整体，谓动用单数；如指全体中的每一个成员，谓动则用复数。 The football team _being recognized. The football team _ having baths and _coming back here for tea. About eighty percent of the population of this country _ peasants. The population of the country _ large. 3. the number of做主语时，谓动用单数；a number of做主语时，谓动用复数。 The number of mistakes _ surprising.A number of books _ missing from the library.4.some of ,plenty of , a lot of , lots of ,most of , the rest of, all of , half/part of ,分数百分数of +n谓语与n 一致。The rest of the money _ (belong) to you. The rest of the students _ (speak) of it.Half of the apple_ (be) rotten. Half of the apples _be) rotten Three-fourths of the furniture in this room _bought in the second-hand store.5.定语从句中的引导词that/which/who作主语时，谓语动词与定语从句所修饰的名词或代词的数保持一致。 The two boys who _ (be) playing football are my sons.The boy who _ (be) playing football is my son.在”one of +复数名词+定语从句“结构中，定语从句中的谓动用复数；在”the only one of+复数名词+定语从句“结构中，定语从句的谓动用单数。 Mary is the only one of the youngest girls who _ (be) studying the major of International Law in this university.This is one of the rooms that _ (be) damaged in the fire.6. None 做主语时，谓动可用单数，也可用复数。但在表不可数的东西时常看作单数，因而谓动须用单数。None of us are ( is) perfect.( 人无完人。)None of this worries me. （这事一点不使我着急。） None of this money _ yours. None of the people here _ teachers.This kind of men _dangerous. Men of this kind _dangerous. 7. the+ n. +of+n. 中心词是of前面的名词，谓语动词视前面的名词而定。 This works _ built two years ago. Every means _ been tried. All means _been tried. 有些名词如：works, means, series, species等单复数同形的词，谓语根据其意义而定。2005-2012年全国英语高考试题汇编:主谓一致 1. （2012湖南卷) All the scientific evidence _ that increasing use of chemicals in farming _ damaging our health.A. show; are B. shows; are C. show; is D. shows; is2.(2012陕(2012陕西卷)The basketball coach, as well as his team , _interviewed shortly after the match for their outstanding performance.A. were B. was C. is D. are3.（2012安徽卷) Walmart, which is one of the largest American supermarket chains, some of its store open 24 hours on Mondays through Saturdays.A. keeps B. keep C. have kept D. had kept4. （2011安徽卷）The factory used 65 percent of the raw materials, the rest of which _ saved for other purposes.A. is B. are C. was D. were 5. (2011湖南卷) One third of the country _covered with trees and the majority of the citizens _ black people. A. is; are B. is; is C. are; are D. are; is 6. （10湖南） Listening to loud music at rock concerts caused hearing loss in some teenagers. A. is B. are C. has D. have7. （10四川）Such poets as Shakespeare widely read，of whose works，however，some difficult to understand Aare；are Bis；is Care；is Dis：are8. （10全国）Barbara is easy to recognize as shes the only one of the women who _evening dress.A.wear B.wears C.has worn D.have worn9. (09山东25)The number of foreign students attending Chinese universities _ rising steadily since1990. A. is B. are C. has been D. have been 10 (09陕西7)Dr. Smith, together with his wife and daughters, visit Beijing this summer.A. is going to B. are going to C. was going to D. were going to11. (09四川17)The teacher together with the students _ discussing Reading Skills that _ newly published in America. A. are; were B. is; were C. are; was D. is; was 12 (09湖南33)Either you or one of your students _ to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow.A. are B. is C. have D. be13. (08陕西15)Did you go to the show last night?Yeah.Every boy and girl in the areainvited.A.wereB.have beenC.has beenD.was14.( 07江西)A survey of the opinions of expertsthat three hours of outdoor exercise a week good for ones health.A.show; are B.shows; is C.show; is D.shows; are15.( 07陕西)As a result of the serious flood, two-thirds of the buildings in the area.A.need repairingB.needs to repairC.needs repairingD.need to repair16. ( 07浙江)Professor James will give us a lecture on the Western culture, but when and where _ yet. A. hasnt been decided B. havent decided C. isnt being decided D. arent decided17. （06浙苏）The company had about 20 notebook computers but only one-thirdused regularly.Now we have 60 working all day long.A.is B.are C.was D.were18. （06安徽）Most of what has been said about the Smithsalso true of the Johnsons.A.are B.is C.being D.to be19. （06江苏）A poet and artist coming to speak to us about Chinese literature and painting tomorrow afternoon.A.is B.are C.was D.were20. （06辽宁）The father as well as his three children _ skating on the frozen river every Sunday afternoon in winter.A