高考英语阅读理解抓分练习题（63）.doc

2014高考英语阅读理解抓分练习题（63）及答案the first and best of victories is for a man to conquer himself; to be conquered by himself is, of all things, the most shameful, says plato. self-control is at the root of all the advantages. let a man give in to his impulses (冲动) and feelings, and from that moment he gives up his moral freedom.a single angry word has lost many a friend. when socrates found in himself any temper or anger, he would check it by speaking low in order to control himself. if you are conscious of being angry, keep your mouth shut so that you can hold back rising anger. many a person has dropped dead in great anger. fits of anger bring fits of disease. whom the gods would destroy they first make mad. keep cool, says george herbert, for fierceness (狂怒) makes error a fault.to be angry with a weak man is to prove that you are not strong yourself. anger, says pythagoras, brings with folly ( 愚蠢 ) and ends with regret. you must measure the strength of a man by the power of the feelings he conquers, not by the power of those which conquer him.self-control is mans last greatest victory.if a man lacks self-control he seems to lack everything. without it he can have no patience, no power to govern himself; he can have no self-confidence, for he will always be controlled by his strongest feeling. if he lacks self-control, the very backbone and nerve of character are lacking also.11. what does the reader learn from the first paragraph?a. the greatest victory for a man is to conquer everything except himself.b. ones moral freedom is based on the control of himself.c. to control oneself is the most difficult in ones life.d. if a person is too stubborn, he will feel most shameful.12. what is the correct interpretation of “whom the gods would destroy they first make mad ” in paragraph 2 ?a. if the gods want to kill you, they make you crazy first.b. if you always lose your temper, you will soon be finished.c. if you cannot control yourself, you will become crazy.d. if you are mad, you will be punished by the gods.13. if a man lacks self-control, he lacks all of the following except _.a. the very backbone and nerve of characterb. the patience and power to control himselfc. strong feelingsd. self-confidence14. the authors main purpose in writing this article is to _.a. explain that self-control is the key to successb. teach people how to control everything in order to make a great successc. distinguish all kinds of self-control and suggest ways for keeping itd. advise people not to lose temper so as to make and keep more friends15. the passage is mainly developed by _.a. analyzing causes b. making comparisons c. examining differences d. listing quotations 参考答案bbcadthere is nothing in the hippocratic oath that tells doctors what to do when they make a mistake with a patient. nor is there much on this subject in medical school curriculums or in training programs.but there should be.much was made of the institute of medicines 1999 report that 44,000 to 98,000 people die each year in hospitals from preventable medical errors, many of them made by doctors.the report stated much first-hand information to address the problem, but there was little discussion about how doctors, when they have made mistakes, should deal with their patients,everyone assumes that the ever-present threat of accusation has made doctors more anxious about admitting error, and no doubt it has, but doctors have always been tight-lipped about their mistakes, in part to preserve an illusion(幻觉，错误的信仰) of medical omnipotence(全能)studies suggest that patients are less likely to accuse doctors when they apologize for mistakes, and many hospitals now encourage their physicians to admit their errors. according to an supportive group called the sorry works! coalition, 16 states have already passed laws giving doctors legal immunity(饶恕) for their apologies to patients.of course, there are plenty of doctors with a nice bedside manner who can get away with bad treatment. how else to explain patients who often line up in court to support doctors accused of malpractice(失职)？the surprising truth is that many patients have a hard time knowing whether they are really getting good medical care.because so many diseases change randomly over time, patients sometimes spontaneously(自发的) improve despite improper treatment. on the other hand, a patient who receives exemplary medical care may fare badly(情况不好) simply because the illness is hard to treat. in other words, doctors are often praised or blamed, when the outcome is in fact a chance event.many, perhaps even most, medical errors probably have little ill effect and go unnoticed by patients. many lawyers would disagree, but doctors ought to let their patients know when theyve made a mistake; it humanizes them and builds trust.16. according to the passage, which of the following is true?a. the doctor made the mistake deliberately so they do not apologize.b. doctors never tell the patient they have made a mistake.c. the patients wont forgive the doctor if he make the mistake.d. the patient will usually forgive the doctor when the mistake are not intentional.17. what does the sentence “but there should be” mean in the second paragraph?a. but there should be more subjects in medical school.b. but there should be something more specific in the oath.c. but the doctor should not make any mistake.d. but there should be something to tell the doctor what to do when they make a mistake.18. what will patients most possibly do when a doctor makes a mistake?a. they will sue(控告) the doctor.b. they will let it go.c. they will be more willing to forgive if the doctor apologizes.d. they will beat the doctor.19 what is not true according to the passage?a. many states have legally encouraged the doctors to admit their fault.b. medical errors are often ignored by the patients.c. the behavior that the doctor apologizes can build trust between the patients and the doctor.d. it is easy for patients to know whether they are under a good treatment.20. what is the authors attitude toward the opinion that the doctor should apologize when he makes a mistake?a. supportiveb. criticalc. indifferentd. neutral参考答案-ddcda第二节：（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）注意： 如果选 e 涂 ad， 选f 涂bd，选g涂 cd。i started to study english by myself when i was about 15 because of michael jackson. hes been my idol since 1991, and i really wanted to understand him and his music. 16 i was very patient, and that helped me a lot in the process of learning english by myself.actually, i cant describe the techniques i used to learn it, because it was almost automatic for me to start understanding english after a period of hard work trying to translate texts, dialogues and songs. 17 one thing that i can say is that i started learning english through comparing patterns and observing the language structure, comparing it to portuguese and trying to memorize rules. 18 another thing that helped me a lot is the fact that i would spend hours studying the uses, tenses, etc. of the words i could notice. 19 it was the hardest part of the process for me, because the only source i had was music, although i used a pronunciation dictionary , too.20 later on i entered ufmg and really started studying english. today im a teacher at an english course, and i really enjoy it, because i can improve my english each day.a. despite the difficulty, i could learn everything well.b. so i really cant say exactly how ive achieved proficiency(熟练).c. with the help of my teacher, i learned pronunciation well.d. so i can say that a strong will is the key to my success.e. after having a large vocabulary, i started working on pronunciation.f. and i used to make lists of words in order to memorize them and their meanings.g. i used to use a dictionary to find the meaning of each word in songs written by him.参考答案-gnfeaprofessional mandarin chinese teacher for home / office lessons in shanghaiposted by christina wang 2009 - 5 - 271 expiration: 2009 - 6 - 24112 views in totaldetailswe provide a premier mandarin chinese language learning experience for students for all levels. it offers beginner, intermediate and advanced courses, individual or group classes, corporate training, professional and friendly teachers, affordable prices as well as modern, convenient facilities located in the heart of shanghai.the beginner intensive courses for 2009 are:may 1 to may 31, 8:00 am - 12:00 am, 13:00 pm - 17:00 pm, from monday - friday. our beginner intensive courses meet from mon - fri, 2 hours a day, in a small group （3 to 5 students）. it is a best way to learn chinese quickly and to meet friends from all around the world.features and services1. high quality professional mandarin teachers2. small class sizes3. charming facilities4. cultural activities5. warm, personal attention6. free broad and wireless internet accessa free trial lesson will be offered. contact me at the following address. hope to talk to you soon.course consultant: christinae - mail: shhmandarin yahoo, comcell phone:文章大意】本篇是篇应用文，是上海的一所学校上课的时间及培训的特点和服务方面的广告。63. which of the following is true according to the passage?a. the courses are mainly for beginners of mandarin. b. the courses are given on the internet. c. applicants can only contact the consultant via emaild. we dont know how much to pay for the courses.【答案】d【解析】从这则广告里面details的第二句话it offers beginner, intermediate and advanced courses, individual or group classes, corporate training, professional and friendly teachers, affordable prices as well as modern, convenient facilities located in the heart of shanghai.得知这所学校只说了无论是团体还是个人能够负担的起学费，但是没有具体说多少钱。【考点定位】考察的是推理判断题64. which of the following services will have to be charged? a. wireless internet access during the courses. b. beginner intensive courses of mandarin. c. consulting the information of the courses.d. a trial lesson of the mandarin courses.65. which of the following cannot be found in the advertisement?a. the time the advertisement was posted. b. teaching conditions provided, c. detailed address of the training center.d. ways for communication and consultation.66. where can you possibly find the above advertisement? a. in a chinese textbook. b. on the internet.c. in a shanghai tv program. d. in an english newspaper. two recent studies have found that punishment is not the best way to influence behavior. one showed that adults are much more cooperative if they work in a system based on rewards. researchers at harvard university in the united states did the study. they had about 200 college students play a game known as the prisoners dilemma. the game is based on the tension between the interests of an individual and a group.the students played in groups of four. each player could win points for the group, so they would all gain equally. but each player could also reward or punish each of the other three players, at a cost to the punisher.harvard researcher david rand says the most successful behavior proved to be cooperation. the groups that rewarded it the most earned about twice as much in the game as the groups that rewarded it the least.and the more a group punished itself, the lower its earnings. the group with the most punishment earned 25% less than the group with the least punishment.the other study involved children. researchers used intelligence tests given to two groups. more than 800 children were ages two to four the first time they were tested. more than 700 children were ages five to nine.the two groups were retested four years later, and the study compared the results with the first test. both groups contained children whose parents used physical punishment and children whose parents did not.the study says the iqs - or intelligence quotients - of the younger children who were not spanked（掴）were five points higher than those who were. in the older group, the difference was almost three points.murray strauss from the university of new hampshire has written extensively about physical punishment of children. he says the more they are spanked, the slower the