专八改错题常见错误 3.doc

专八改错题常见错误 3 9、冠词错误。定冠词the的多余或缺失，如季节，月份，星期，球类及三餐活动，称呼头衔前等不能加the的地方加了the，或是same等常和the一起使用的词却漏税掉了the。a, an的混用：判断一个词的前面加a还是an不是看其首字母是不是元音字母，而是看首字母的发音是不是元音，如an hour, an honest boy ,其首字母不是元音字母，但其发音却是以元音素开始，故用an。而a useful book, a university, a European, a one-hour trip，虽然以元音字母开始，但却读作辅音音素的音，故用a。例如：He often plays the football.plays football是固定搭配，应将其改为palys football。 but most researchers see their success to date as reason for hope.Reason前加the。Reason一词有“for hope修饰，是特指，应该用定冠词the来修饰。另外，要牢记可数名词单数形式前要加定冠同或不定冠词；以及些不能省略冠词的固定搭配，如：tell truth-tell the truth，all of sudden-all of a sudden.10、数词错误。主要是序数词与基数词的混用和错用，如分数的分子大于“1”时分母没有用复数等，基数基数词的复数形式如hundreds of(几百)， thousands of(几千)。漏掉了s，或是当其前有具体数字或several时加了复数，如seven hundred写作seven hundreds。11、连接词、并列句、从属句混用。这类错误常常不易被发现，因为它不属于句子内部的语言知识，而是句子与句子之间的串联的关系。要想把这类错误纠正出来，需要考生对文章有总体的理解，头脑中有个大的框架。一般改错中的连接词错误都会使句子的逻辑关系发生改变，或造成句子的语义逻辑混乱。例如：Instead，this other person told us a story，it he said was quite well known,.Itwhich。从句子的结构上来分析，it he said was是定语从句，修饰前面的内容，就应该用which来引导非限制性定语从句。it在此没有任何语法功能，不能连接两个分句。专八改错题常见错误 2 5、非谓语动词的错用。例如：Play football not only makes me grow up?Play football是动词，不能做主语，应将其改为Playing football。I want to thank you again for have me in your home for the summer holidays.?介词后面应跟名词，所以for have应改为for having。Id like to your pen friend, and get to know more about your country.?would like to后面应加to do，your pen friend是名词短语，不能直接放在would like to后面，所以应改为to be your pen friend。6、形容词副词混用。常出现需形容词的地方用了副词或需要用副词的地方用了形容词。这类错误主要考较不常见的形容词、副词的比较级形式。一般来讲，考生不难掌握。例如：Its terrible hot here.Terrible是形容词，不能修饰形容词，应将其改为terribly。Culture is essentially to our humannessEssentiallyessential。Culture is后面应该有一个表语，但是essentially是副词不能做表语，因此改成essential。7、介词错误。主要是介词的多余或缺失、错用。这一部分需要平时多多积累来弄清常用介词的搭配。例如：In an addition, he still went to see a movie.In addition是固定搭配，所以应将In an addition改为In addition。This has probably been the case in quite a while.Infor。Has been是现在完成时的表达方式。因此与之相对应的时间状语就应该是for a quite a while，for表示持续的段时间。8、主谓一致性错误。如第三人称单数漏掉s，或主语为复数，谓语动词却用了单数；以及就近原则对主语的影响等等。例如：The president of the company, together with the workers, are planning to solve these problems.?句中主语的主词为单数名词“president”，介词短语“together with the workers”与主语无关，是插入成分，故谓语动词应用单数is。专八改错题常见错误 1 1、名词错误。名词单、复数用错，可数与不可数名词的混用。例如：We study quite a few subject, such as maths, Chinese, English and physics.? A few后面应该用复数，所以subject改为subjects。They were eager to know everything about China and asked me lots of question. Question为可数名词，lots of后面是复数形式，所以question改为questionsI hope that you two could come and visit us some times soon. “Times”表示次数时是可数名词，表示时间概念时是不可数名词，根据句意times应改 为time。2、时态错误：在一篇结构完整、语义连续的短文中，时态的使用也应该连贯一致，但是英语表示时间时，主句和从句时态可能不一致，却仍表明完整正确的意思。这就要求考生准确判断句中动作的时态，培养对英语时态的敏感度。?例如：He cant remember what he once knows. 主句用的是一般现在时，宾语从句中有once(从前)作为明显的时间状语，因而从句中动词应用过去时knew。It was kind of them to meet me at the railway station and drove me to their home. “and”两边应该是平行的，“and”前面是动词原形meet，“and”后面应该也用动词原形，所以将drove改为drive。3、语态错误在短文改错题中最常见的语态错误是被动语态被误用为主动语态。因为汉语表达习惯上有时不加“被”字也能表示被动，因而造成考生对被动语态不敏感。另外，不及物动词不能携带宾语，因而也就没有被动语态。例如：She was very angry at not telling the truth when she listened to the account.意思是：当她听这个叙述的时候，她很生气没有被告知真相。这里“她”是被告诉的对象，因而telling应改为being told。4、虚拟语气错误虚拟语气的使用错误在综合改错题中主要表现为主句和从句的语气不协调。例如：We suggest that Henry is told about his condition as soon as possible.句中动词suggest之后的从句应用虚拟语气，故“is”应改为“be”或“should be”。类似的动词还有propose/ insist/order等等。2011专八改错训练及详解（12）2011-04-28 来源:网络 【大中小】 点击: 1326 评论： 1 条【秘诀】学英语10年,悟出9个秘密抓住5个时间点，单词忘不了专四/专八/英研一起过Childhood is a time when there are few responsibilities to make life difficult. If a child has good parents, he is fed, looked after and loved, what he may do, It is _1_improbable that he will ever again in his life be given so much without having to do anything in turn. In addition, _2_life is always presenting new things to the childthings that have lost their interesting for older people because _3_they are too well-known. A child finds pleasure in playing in the rain, or in the snow.His first visit to the seaside is a marvelous adventure. But a child has his pains: He is not so free to do as he wishes as he thinks old people do; he is continually being told not to do things, _4_or being punished for that he has done wrong. _5_His life is therefore not longer perfectly happy. _6_When the young man starts to earn his own living, he becomes free from the discipline of school and parents; but at the same time he is forced to accept responsibilities. He can not longer expect others to pay for his food, his clothes, and his room, but has to work if he wants to live comfortable. If he spends most of his time playing about in _7_the way that he used to as a child, he will suffer hungry. _8_And if he breaks the laws of society as he used to break the laws of his parents, he may go to prison. If, therefore, _9_he works hard, keeps out of trouble and has good health, he can have the great happiness of seeing himself making _10_steady progress in his job and of building up for himself his own position in society. 答案及解析:1.what改为whatever。whatever引导让步状语从句，相当于no matter what，意思是“无论什么”，“不管什么”，whatever在从句中作宾语。2.turn改为return。短语in turn表示“轮流地; 挨个, 依次; 反过来”，而在这里是指孩子对父母的回报。3.interesting改为interest。在形容词性物主代词their的后面应跟名词性成分。4.第一个do改为 are。与前面的is相对应。5.that改为what。that引导的是定语从句，在本句中应该使用关系代词what，相当于the thing/ things that。6.not改为no。固定搭配的副词短语“no longer”7.comfortable改为comfortably。修饰动词live应为副词而不是形容词。8.suffer改为go或become或be。或把hungry改为hunger。9.therefore改为however。此处的条件状语从句表示转折。10.making 改为 make。2011专八改错训练及详解（11）2011-04-27 来源:网络 【大中小】 点击: 801 评论： 0 条【秘诀】学英语10年,悟出9个秘密抓住5个时间点，单词忘不了专四/专八/英研一起过We use language primarily as a means of communication with other human beings. Each of us shares with the community in which welive a store of words and meanings as well as agreeing conventions as _1_to the way in which words should be arranged to convey a particular _2_message: the English speaker has in his disposal a vocabulary and a _3_set of grammatical rules which enables him to communicate his _4_thoughts and feelings, in a variety of styles, to the other English _5_speakers. His vocabulary, in particular, both that which he uses activetlyand that which he recognises, increases in size as he growsold as a result of education and experience. _6_But, whether the language store is relatively small or large, the systemremains no more than a psychological reality for tike inpidual, unlesshe has a means of expressing it in terms able to be seen by another _7_member of his linguistic community; he has to give the system aconcrete transmission form. We take it for granted two most _8_common forms of transmission-by means of sounds produced by ourvocal organs (speech) or by visual signs (writing). And these are _9_among most striking of human achievements. _10_ 答案:1.agreeing -agreed2. words-these/those words3.in the disposal -at the disposal4.enables-enable5.delete “the” before “other English speakers”6.old- older7.seen - perceived, understood, comprehended8.delete “it” before “for granted”9.And - Yet; However10.most - the most striking英汉翻译常见错误例析(9)2011-04-21 来源:网络 【大中小】 点击: 1574 评论： 1 条【秘诀】学英语10年,悟出9个秘密抓住5个时间点，单词忘不了专四/专八/英研一起过英汉翻译常见错误例析(9)1、None is so deaf as those who wont hear.2、Those apples are good and ripe.3、He was strong in his time.答案及解析如下1、误：没有比聋子更听不见的人了。正：没有比不想听的人更聋的了。析：wont =will not,表示 不愿，不想要，含义个人的意志在内。不能因该用cant。2、误：那些苹果品质优良并且成熟了。正：那些苹果是很熟的了。析：good and 作为副词讲，意思为 very 非常，thoroughly 完全地，同类的表达还有nice and（nicely），rare and（rarely），如：The car was going nice and fast. 汽车跑得相当之快。3、误：他一生都很强壮。正：他年青时身体很强壮/健康。析：in ones time/days 意思为 when he was young/at his best，相反的说法为 at ones age（年老时)英汉翻译常见错误例析(8)2011-04-20 来源:网络 【大中小】 点击: 1821 评论： 0 条【秘诀】学英语10年,悟出9个秘密抓住5个时间点，单词忘不了专四/专八/英研一起过英汉翻译常见错误例析(8)1、A drowning man catches at a straw.2、He wanted to go to sea.3、She is careless of her dress. 答案及解析如下1、误：一个溺水的人抓住了一根稻草。正：一个将淹死的人哪怕是一根稻草也会去抓。析：catch a straw 为实际抓住了，catch at a straw 为还没有抓到手不过是努力想要抓到罢了。这句话是一个成语，比喻一个人绝望时的心情。2、误：他想去海边。正：他要去当水手。析：want作动词用时，除了要这个主要意思外，还有缺少的意思，如：He wants patience. 他缺乏耐心。作不及物动词一定表示 缺少 或 贫困解。We mustnt let him want in his old age. 我们一定不能让他老年时贫困。wanting 无论是作形容词还是介词均表示 缺乏。Many pages of this book are wanting.这本书缺少了很多页。Wanting mutual trust,friendship is impossible.没有相互信任的友谊是不可能有的。本题，go to sea 是习惯用语。3、误：她不注意衣着。正：她不爱惜她的衣服。析：careless of 表示 不重视，不修边幅怎么说呢？.想想. 应该说 careless about.英汉翻译常见错误例析(7)2011-04-19 来源:网络 【大中小】 点击: 1518 评论： 0 条【秘诀】学英语10年,悟出9个秘密抓住5个时间点，单词忘不了专四/专八/英研一起过1、How much did you have to pay down on the car?2、The wind blows south.3、There is no living in the island. 答案及解析如下1、误：你（一共）花了多少钱买那辆车？正：买那辆车你首付给了多少现钱？析：down=in cash,在买东西时付出的现金，下面这个例句可帮助理解本题：U pay 5000 dollars down and the remainder in installments. 你先付5000美元现金，其余的分期付款。2、误：风向南吹。正：风从南边吹来。析：表示方位的词，如东南西北，作副词时，意义为 朝.方向去，如：The river flows north. 河水向北流。但是唯有说道风的时候，恰好相反，指 从.方向来。如：The wind blows east. 刮东风。3、误：此岛上没有生物。正：此岛不能住人/居住。析：There is no + v-ing(动名词) =We cant + v(原动词) Its impossible + to v(不定式)2011专八改错训练及详解（10）2011-04-19 来源:网络 【大中小】 点击: 894 评论： 0 条【秘诀】学英语10年,悟出9个秘密抓住5个时间点，单词忘不了专四/专八/英研一起过Many students today display a disturbing willingness to chooseacademic institutions, fields of study and careers in the basis of _1_earning potential. In an extensive 1989 survey of college studentsnationwide, 72 percent of students reported that their primary objective to attending college was to make more money upon graduation. _2_This state of mind came with the present generation. Studies showthat the majority of baby boomers attended college to developthemselves, their critically thinking skills and their personal _3_philosophies of life.Nationaly, the number of students going into business-related fieldshas sharply increased, and this rise has attributed primarily to _4_the shift in educational and career priorities. At Duke, economy is _5_now the most popular major, attracting nearly 15 percent of the under-graduates, and history majors comprise only 5 percent of undergraduate _6_ population. Thirty years ago the situation was reversed, with economic and business administration majors together consisting 8.7 percent of _7_undergraduates and almost 12 percent of undergraduates declared _8_themselves history majors. The number of English majors has also decreased,from 9 percent in 1969 to 5.5 percent today.Degrees in economics are marketed and likely to garner their holders _9_of high salaries without the added effort of medical or law school. _10_And given the objectives of current college students, such optionsare attractive. 答案及解析:1.in-on词组on the basis of 中须用介词on而不是in。2.to(attending)-in/of不要将objective和objective相混淆，object后需加介词to，但这里应用in或者of表示“上大学的目标是”。3.critically-criticalthinking在这里已变成名词，因此前面应该用形容词critical来修饰，表示“批判性思维”。4.attributed-beenattribute作动词时是及物动词，通常的搭配是 to attribute sth to sth，因此这里应使用被动语态，加上been。5.economy-economicseconomy表示一个国家的“经济”，而economics才表示“经济学”，因此这里应使用economics。6.and-while/butand表示顺接，而这里缺少的是一个表示对比的连词，因为历史系学生和经济系学生在人数上形成很大对比，所以应改and 为while或者but。7.consisting-comprising/constituting或者 consisting-ofconsist的意思是“包括，由组成”，一般要与介词of连用，而comprise或者constitute则表示“组成”，而且不需要与of连用。8.declared-declaring“almost 12 percent of undergraduates declared themselves history majors”和“economic and business administration majors together consisting 8.7 percent of undergraduates应是并列结构跟随介词with，所以这里应将declared变为declaring，与前面的分句保持形式上的一致。9.marketed-marketable原句的意思是“经济学的文凭是有市场的，有销路的”，所以应该是marketable。10.of(high salaries)-/garner后面不需加介词of，直接说garner sth即可。英汉翻译常见错误例析(6)2011-04-18 来源:网络 【大中小】 点击: 1557 评论： 1 条【秘诀】学英语10年,悟出9个秘密抓住5个时间点，单词忘不了专四/专八/英研一起过英汉翻译常见错误例析(6)1、He had a yellow streak in him.2、One or two of the jewels would never be missed.3、I know he meant business. 答案及解析如下1、误：他身上有条黄条纹。正：他胆小。析：yellow streak 意为 胆怯，懦弱。2、误：一两粒珠宝是决不会不见了的。正：失去一两粒珠宝是决不会想起来的。析：miss 作动词有四个基本意：1、消失，不见 2、略去 3、错过，逃避 4、想起想念，察觉。本题中miss 为第四个意思。若表示 消失 ，不能用被动式，呵呵。3、误：我知道他意在生意上。正：我知道他不是开玩笑的。析：口语中mean bussiness be serious, 很好理解，做生意不认真讲信用怎么可以呢。英汉翻译常见错误例析(5)2011-04-16 来源: 【大中小】 点击: 1803 评论： 2 条【秘诀】学英语10年,悟出9个秘密抓住5个时间点，单词忘不了专四/专八/英研一起过英汉翻译常见错误例析(5)1、Nobody will be the wiser.2、Dont tell him home truth.3、This will go a long way in overcoming the difficulty.答案及解析如下1、误：谁也不会更聪明。正：谁也不懂。析：Wise有三个基本意义1、聪明的 2、饱学的 3、知道的（通常用比较级），此题中是第三个意思。又如：We are none the wiser for his explanation. 听完他的解释，我们还是不怎么明白。2、误：别告诉他家里的真相。正：别告诉他逆耳的真相。析：home作形容词为 有力的，击中要害的。又如：a home question 击中要害的提问3、误：在克服困难上要走很长的路。正：这对突破难关是有用处的。析：go a long way=will be helpfull.又如：go a little way with a person 译为 对那人不起作用。2011专八改错训练及详解（9）2011-04-15 来源:网络 【大中小】 点击: 983 评论： 0 条【秘诀】学英语10年,悟出9个秘密抓住5个时间点，单词忘不了专四/专八/英研一起过Aimlessness has hardly been typical of the postwar Japan whoseproductivity and social harmony are the envy of the United Statesand Europe.But increasingly the Japanese is seeing a decline of their _1_traditional work-moral values. Ten years ago young people werehardworking and saw their jobs as their primary reason for being,but now Japan has large fulfilled its economic needs, and young people _2_dont know where they should go next.The coming of the age of the postwar baby boom and an entry _3_of women into the male-dominated job market has limited the opportunities _4_of teen-agers who are already questioning the heavy personal sacrifices involved climbing Japans rigid social ladder to good _5_schools and jobs. In a recent survey, it was found that only 24.5percent Japanese students were fully satisfied with school life,compared _6_with 67.2 percent of students in the United States. In addition, farmore Japanese workers expressed dissatisfaction with their jobs thandid their counterparts in the 10 countries surveyed. _7_While often praised by foreigners for its emphasis on the basics.Japanese education tends to stress test taking and mechanic learning _8_over creativity and self-expression. Last year Japan experienced 2,125incidents of school violence, including 929 assaults on teachers.Amid the outcry, many conservative leaders are seeking a returnto the prewar emphasis on moral education. Last year Mitsuo Detoyama,who was then education minister, raised his eyebrow when he argued _9_that liberal reforms introduced by the American occupation authoritiesafter World War II had weakened the Japanese morality of respect of parents. _10_ 答案及解析:1.is-arethe加上形容词一类人的时候后面应用动词的复数形式，如：The old receive particular respect in Chinese society.2.large-largely这里large是修饰fullfilled的，所以应改为largely，表示“大部分地”，如：The fundis largely financed through government borrowing.3.the（age）-/动词词组come of age表示“已成年”，中间不用任何冠词，所以它一旦变为-ing形式仍然保持原样。另外要避免将原句误读成The coming of ,the age of the postwar baby boom,这样断句意思解释不通。4.has-have有两个原因限制了青少年进好的学校找到好的工作，这两个原因由and连接作并列主语，所以谓语动词应该用复数。5.involved-ininvolved后面少了in，表示“关于，涉及到”，如All the children were involved in the school play.6.Japanese-of当percent做名词时，它后面应加上介词of，如：The report states that 42 percent of the alunmi contributed to the endowment.当percent作形容词或者副词时，则不加of。如：There has been a ten percent increase in the number of new students arriving at polytechnic this year.7.countries-other从上句话中可知道Japan也参与了这次普查，因此在这句话里的比较结构中Japan应和其他10个同意参加普查的国家进行比较，所以应注明是10 other countries。8.mechanic-mechanicalmechanic是名词，表示“制造工，技工”，所以这里应把它改为mechanical表示“机械的”。9.eyebrow-eyebrowstoraise ones eyebrow 表示“（某事）引起（某人）的惊讶或不赞同”，如：He raised his eyebrows over some of the suggestions.10.of-forrespect 后面通常跟for接人，表示“对（某人）的尊重”，如：respect for the old。2011专八改错训练及详解（8）2011-04-14 来源:网络 【大中小】 点击: 722 评论： 0 条【秘诀】学英语10年,悟出9个秘密抓住5个时间点，单词忘不了专四/专八/英研一起过For over 900 years, the Tower of London has served as a loyal _1_palace and fortress. Today, its famous for its bloody history andfor being the place where the Crown Jewels are kept.But it has servedfor other purposes, too. It has been the royal arsenal, royal mint, _2_royal observatory or even the royal zoo. The site of the Tower was _3_originally part of the Roman city of Londinium.But, in 1066, a foreigner from north west France became King William _4_of Britain, he ordered that a wooden castle built on the banks of _5_the river Thames. The purpose of this fortress was to help secureLondon, the most important city in his view realm. Ten years later,William had the fortress rebuild in stone, and create