【创新设计】（山东专用）高考英语一轮复习 高频语法训练 附录5 动词时态和语态.doc

五、动词时态和语态1i _ to go for a walk，but someone called and i couldnt get away.awas planning bplannedchad planned dwould plan答案c句意：我本来打算去散步的，但是有人打电话，我走不开。“计划去散步”发生在过去动作(someone)called之前，故用过去完成时。动词plan的过去完成时表示过去未曾实现的愿望、打算或意图，符合题意。2hello.i _ to ask if i can book two tickets for tonights film.sorry，weve already sold out.aphone bwill phonecam phoning dhave phoned答案c句意：你好，我打电话问一下能否买到两张今晚的电影票。抱歉，已经卖完了。phone是对话时正在发生的动作，故用现在进行时。3by the time you arrive home，i _，so please dont make any noise when you come in.ahave been sleeping bwould have sleptchad slept dshall be sleeping答案d句意：等你到家的时候，我会正在睡觉，所以你进来的时候请不要弄出任何噪音。sleep这一动作是将来时间(by the time you arrive home)正在发生的，故用将来进行时。4the _ look on her face suggested that she _ her managers idea.aconfusing；wouldnt quite understandbconfused；hadnt quite understoodcconfusing；hadnt quite understooddconfused；shouldnt quite understand答案b考查过去完成时的用法。句意：她脸上困惑的表情表明她很不理解经理的想法。the confused look表示“感到困惑的表情”，suggest此处表示“表明”，其后需跟陈述语气，只有表示“建议”时其宾语从句中才用should动词原形。5did you see a girl in white pass by just now?no，sir.i _ a newspaper.aread bhad readcwould read dwas reading答案d考查过去进行时的用法。句意：你刚才看见一个穿白色衣服的女孩经过了吗？没有，先生，我刚才一直在看报纸。过去进行时表示过去一段时间内一直进行的动作。6it is the only time in history that two nobel prizes _ to the same person.ahave been given bhad been givenchave given dwill give答案a考查现在完成时的用法。句意：这是历史上唯一一次两项诺贝尔奖都授予了同一个人。用现在完成时表示事情已经发生并且对现在产生影响，且诺贝尔奖应该是被授予。7have you finished reading jane eyre?no，i _ my homework all day yesterday.awas doing bwould dochad done ddo答案a根据题中时间状语“all day yesterday”可知，这里表示过去的持续的动作或状态，所以谓语应用动词的过去进行时。8peter，you _ the window quickly，will you?ok！oh！the window _ broken.ahave shut；has bwill shut；has beencare shutting；was dshut；is答案d第一句话是祈使句；第二句话是系表结构，说明窗户坏了。9the discovery of gold in australia led thousands to believe that a fortune _.ais made bwould takecwas to be made dhad made答案c根据题意可知，这里要表达将来的含义，且根据前面主句的谓语动词led可知，这里应该用过去将来时。10in 1863，the us.president abraham lincoln declared a national thanksgiving day.it _ annually in america ever since.ahas been celebrated bwas celebratedchad been celebrated dis celebrated答案a句意：自从美国总统亚伯拉罕林肯1863年宣布感恩节是法定假日以来，每年美国都庆祝感恩节。“庆祝感恩节”是从过去开始一直持续到现在的动作，且由句中的时间状语ever since可知用现在完成时态。11the teacher told us water _ at 100 .ais boiled bboiledcwas boiled dboils答案d句意：老师告诉我们水在100摄氏度时会沸腾。“水在100摄氏度时沸腾”是一个客观事实，故从句仍用一般现在时态。12do you know whether the sports meet _ next week?ais going to hold bis going to be heldcis about to hold dis held答案b此题主要考查了be going to do结构的被动语态。13how can you borrow my computer without my permission?oh，i _ to tell you.i hope you dont mind.aforget bforgotchad forgotten dam forgetting答案b该句题干中没有提供任何时间状语，但从语境及句子的含义判断，选项动作表示在过去某个时间发生，所以，首先排除选项a、d，由于题干中没有表示过去时间的对照点，故再排除选项c。14joan was badly injured in the accident yesterday and she was sent to hospital.oh，really？i _.i _ visit her.adidnt know；will go tobdont know；will go tocdidnt know；am going todhavent known；am going to答案a分析语境及讲话人意图可知，第一空强调过去的动作，并不表示现在发生的事，故应用一般过去时；第二空应选will，表示即时决定将要做的事，而be going to表示按计划、安排要做的事，故答案为a。15he collected information on 1,000 people，whose iq _ when they were ten years old.ahad tested bhas testedcwould test dhad been tested答案d句意：他搜集了1 000个人的信息，这些人的智商在他们10岁的时候已经被测试过了。test是在过去某一时间前已完成的动作，用过去完成时；iq与test是被动关系。故选d。16hello，kate.how is your weekend at home?awful！you know it is the first time i _ alone at home，bored to death.ahave left bhad leftchad been left dhave been left答案d句意：嗨，凯特。你周末在家过得怎么样？很糟糕！你知道吗，那是我第一次被单独留在家里，无聊透了。it is the first time(that).后的句子用现在完成时；i与leave之间是被动关系，故用现在完成时的被动语态。17how much can you pay me for the service，sir?you _ 200 yuan，if you do nicely.awill pay bare payingcwill be paid dare paid答案c句意：先生，我提供的服务您能付多少钱？如果你服务得好的话，就能付您200元。if引导的条件状语从句中用一般现在时表示将来意义，所以主句用一般将来时；you与pay之间是逻辑上的被动关系，故选c。18ive never heard that piece before.who _ it?sorry，ive got no idea.awrites bhas writtencwrote dhad written答案c考查动词的时态。句意：我从没有听过这一段，是谁写的？很抱歉，我不知道。叙述过去发生的动作应用一般过去时。19now that your entire album _，are you already satisfied?ahas been completed bcompleteschas completed dis completed答案a考查动词的时态和语态。句意：现在整张专辑做下来，你自己是不是已经很满意了？到现在为止已经完成的动作用现在完成时，句子的主语album是动词complete的承受者，应该用被动语态。20jacques knew that it was impossible to contact pierre immediately，and time _.ahad run out bwas running outchad been run out dwas being run out答案b考查动词的时态。句意：杰克斯知道，他是不可能立即与皮埃尔联系上的，而且此刻所剩的时间已不多。语境表明用过去时；run out为非及物短语，不能用于被动语态，但选项d后面加上介词of就可以了。21australia _ to have been connected to south america millions of years ago.awas believed bbelievescbelieved dis believing答案a句意：人们认为，数百万年前，澳大利亚与南美洲是连在一起的。sb/sth be believed.“人们认为”，是固定句式。22when they got there the injured _ to the nearest hospital.awere sent bhad been sentchas been sent dis sent答案b句意：当他们赶到时，受伤人员已经被送往最近的医院接受治疗。send这一动作发生在过去动作got there之前；且与the injured是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去完成时的被动语态。23the red building is where the workers live，and the white one is where the spare parts _.aare produced bare producingcproduced dbeing produced答案a句意：那座红色的楼是工人们住的地方，白色的楼是生产零部件的地方。动词produce与parts是逻辑上的动宾关系；根据前一分句的时态判断用一般现在时，所以选a。24what happened to you the other day?i _ to beijing，but i missed my flight.awould fly bwas flyingchad flown dflew答案b考查“was/were现在分词”表示过去将来。本句句意：那天你怎么了？我本打算去北京的，但误了航班。短暂动词的进行时可表示本打算做而实际没有做的事。故选b。25i havent seen mary these past few days.im afraid she _ herself for some time.aisnt feeling bhasnt been feelingchadnt been feeling dwasnt feeling答案b从题干for some time可知，选项部分时态应为完成时，与前部分对应，应为现在完成进行时。26my brother is an actor.he _ in several films so far.aappears bappearedchas appeared dis appearing答案c由于句子中出现了so far，意思为“到目前为止”，所以应该与现在完成时连用。27unfortunately，the ship had already trapped in ice block and started breaking up when people _ the land.ahave seen bsawchad seen dsee答案b考查动词的时态。句意：不幸的是，当人们看到陆地的时候，船却陷在冰块里并开始解体。题中主句是过去完成时，它表示过去某一动作之前已经完成的动作，这一过去的动作就是从句中的saw。28does this page stay unchanged?no，it _ when more information is available.awill be updated bis updatedcis being updated dhas been updated答案a考查动词的时态和语态。句意：这页没有更新吗？当得到更多的信息时，这页将被更新。语境表明应该用一般将来时，主语it(this page)是谓语动词的承受者，用一般将来时的被动语态。29is the patients teenage sister all right?ive no idea.she _ for the virus.awas tested bwill testcis being tested dhas been tested答案c考查动词的时态和语态。句意：病人的妹妹好了吗？我不知道，她正在接受检查。句子主语she是动词test的承受者，谓语动词用被动语态。30the water _ cool when i jumped into the swimming pool for morning exercise.awas felt bis feltcfelt dfeels答案c句意：当我跳进游泳池晨练时，感觉水很凉。题中feel是感官系动词，用主动形式表示被动意义，且由句中时态可知用一般过去时。31every monday morning，our fivestar national flag _ on time，with all the teachers and students standing on the school playground.ais raised bwill raisecraises dwill be raised答案a句意：每个星期一早晨，我们的国旗，五星红旗，都会准时升起，所有的老师和学生都站在学校的操场上。由every monday morning可知“升国旗”是每周一都发生的动作，故用一般现在时，且flag与raise之间是逻辑上的被动关系，故选a。32last week i took part in the civil service admission examination，for which i _ for nearly three months.ahad prepared bwould preparecwas preparing dhave been preparing答案a句意：上个星期我参加了公务员考试，为此我准备了将近三个月。prepare表示的动作发生在过去动作took part in之前，是“过去的过去”，故用过去完成时。33i want to sit at the table near the air conditioner.im sorry，but it _ already.ahas taken bhas been takencwas taken dtook答案b句意：我想坐在靠近空调的那个桌子旁边。对不起，那儿已经有人了。由already及句意判断，用现在完成时，且表示被动，故选b。34the dinner in this restaurant include chinese pork dish，british roast beef and frenchstyle vegetables.boiled rice _ with just about everything.ais served bwill servecserves dis being served答案a句意：这个饭店的晚餐包括中国猪肉、英国烤牛肉和法式蔬菜，不管什么菜都供应米饭。此处表示的是一种经常性的生活方式，故用一般现在时，且rice与serve with之间存在被动关系，应用被动语态。35as the saying _，“never put off until tomorrow what you can do today.”awill go bgoescis going dhas gone答案b句意：俗话说“今日事今日毕”。表示客观事实或谚语用一般现在时。36in the near future，more advances in the robot technology _ by scientists.aare making bare madecwill make dwill be made答案d句意：在不久的将来，科学家在机器人技术上会取得更大的进步。advances与make是逻辑上的被动关系，且由in the near future可知，此处表示将要发生的动作，故用一般将来时的被动语态。37experiments of this kind _ in both the us and europe well before the second world war.ahave conducted bhave been conductedchad conducted dhad been conducted答案d句意：二战前，这类实验在美国和欧洲都实施得非常好。experiments和conduct存在被动关系，故用被动语态；由before the second world war可知，be conducted表示的动作发生在过去动作之前，故用过去完成时。38we _ on our project day and night in the past two weeks.ahad worked bhave workedcwill be working dhas been working答案b考查动词的时态。句意：在过去的两个星期里，我们夜以继日地做那个项目。“in the past/last一段时间”意为“在过去的日子里”，与现在完成时连用，故选b项。39linda，make sure the table _ before the guests arrive.abe set bsetcare set dare setting答案c考查动词的语态。句意：琳达，确保在客人到来之前把桌子摆放好。set a table“摆放桌子”，tables与所填词是被动关系。40jeff，you look so excited today.sure i am.i _ a good job in a big company，you know.(2010河北唐山一中一次调研)aoffered bwill offerchave been offered dwas offered答案c句意：杰夫，今天你看上去很激动。我当然激动。你知道，一家大公司给我提供了一份很好的工作。i与offer之间为被动关系，故用被动语态；设空处所在句子表示“现在已经得到了这份工作”，故用现在完成时，故答案选c。41are you going to further your studies after graduation?well，i _ yet.i might make some other choices.(2010江苏四市调研)adidnt decide bhavent decidedcdont decide dhadnt decided答案b句意：毕业后你打算进修吗？哦，我还没有决定。我可能会做一些其他的选择。说话者表示“现在还没决定”，故用现在时，再根据yet可知用现在完成时。42ready to give up guessing，sandy?no，no.hold on！i think i _ at the answer now.(2010山东烟台一模)aarrive bhave arrivedcarrived dam arriving答案d句意：准备放弃竞猜了吗，桑迪？不，没有。请别挂断电话！我想现在我马上就想出答案了。根据题干中的now可知是现在时；根据句意，设空处表示将来的行为，即用现在进行时表将来。故d为正确答案。43john has gone to shanghai，but im wondering why he _ in such a hurry.aleft bhas leftcleaves dwas leaving答案a为什么当时走得那么急。44when i got to the stadium，our team _ the game with a safe advantage and only a few minutes to go.awas winning bhad wonchave won dwon答案a根据句子意思：我们的队即将获胜。45oh dear！i forgot to bring the air tickets.you _ something.ahave left bare leavingcare always leaving dalways left答案c句意：哦，天哪，我忘了带机票了。你总是会落下东西。现在进行时与副词always连用，表示强烈的感情色彩，此处表