【步步高】（江苏专用）高考英语一轮复习 Unit 1 Getting along with others同步导学 牛津译林版必修5(1).doc

【步步高】（江苏专用）2015届高考英语一轮复习 unit 1 getting along with others同步导学 牛津译林版必修5.重点单词识记1pretend /pritend/ vi.&vt.假装；装扮，扮作2swear /swe(r)/ vt.&vi.发誓；郑重承诺；咒骂，说脏话3superb /supb/ adj.极佳的；卓越的4focus /fks/ vi.&vt.集中注意力于；(使)聚焦；n.焦点；重点5remark /rimk/ n&vi.评论，谈论6dislike /dislaik/ vt.不喜欢，厌恶7awkward /kwd/ adj.令人尴尬的，别扭的；笨拙的8quarrel /kwrl/ n&vi.争吵，争执9sensitive /senstiv/ adj.易生气的；敏感的；体贴的10envy /envi/ vt.&n.羡慕，忌妒11blame /bleim/ vt.责备，指责；n.(坏事或错事的)责任；责备，指责12gifted /iftid/ adj.有天赋的，有天才的13absurd /bsd/ adj.荒唐的，怪诞的14overcome /vkm/ vt.克服，解决15attitude /titjud/ n态度，看法16admit /dmit/ vt.&vi.承认；允许进入，接纳admission n(机构、组织等的)准许加入，进入权；承认；入场费17guilty /ilti/ adj.内疚的；有罪的guilt n内疚；罪责18cruel /krul/ adj.伤人的；残酷的，残忍的cruelty n残酷，残忍，残暴19apologize /pldaiz/ vi.道歉apology n道歉20identity /aidentti/ n身份identify vt.确认；认出；鉴定21acquaintance /kweintns/ n泛泛之交，熟人；略有交情，(与某人)认识acquaint vt.使熟悉，使了解22cautious /ks/ adj.小心的，谨慎的cautiously adv.小心地，谨慎地caution n小心，谨慎；v.警告，告诫23eager /i(r)/ adj.热切的，急不可待的；渴望的eagerly adv.渴望地，热切地24respond /rispnd/ vi.做出反应，回应response n响应，反应；回答，答复25rely /rilai/ vi.依靠，依赖；信任，信赖reliable adj.可依靠的，可依赖的26committed /kmitid/ adj.尽心尽力的；坚信的；坚定的commit vt.&vi.全心全意投入；犯罪，犯错；承诺，保证commitment n承诺，保证；投入，奉献；不得不做的事27mercy /msi/ n宽恕；仁慈merciful adj.仁慈的，慈悲的，宽大为怀的.重点短语识记1feel like doing sth.想要做某事2keep ones word守信用；履行诺言3spy on暗中监视，窥探4keep pace with(与)步调一致，(与)同步5in this manner以这种方式6cant help doing sth.忍不住、情不自禁做某事7before long不久，很快8get through(用电话)接通；通过；完成9be based on以为基础，以为根据10regardless of不管，不顾11end up最后成为；最终处于12rely on依靠，依赖；信任13thanks to幸亏；由于 14in conclusion最后；总之.经典原句默写与背诵1she said that someone must have been spying on us in the washroom，but i didnt believe her explanation.她说一定是有人在洗手间偷听我们的谈话，但我不相信她的解释。2i dont think i can ever truly forgive her.我认为我不能真正原谅她。3if so，the problem lies with you，not her. 如果是这样的话，问题在于你而不在于她。4we wont tell anyone about your call unless you want us to.我们不会把你的电话告诉任何人，除非你想让我们这样做。5however，if i had ended our friendship，we would have both learnt nothing.但是，如果当初我终止了我们的友谊，那我们俩都会一无所得。1you can rely on li hua to help you when you are in trouble because he is always reliable(rely)2the cautious driver drove all the way with great caution (caution)3i owe you an apology (apologize) for what i said last nightim really sorry.4i greeted her with a smile but she didnt respond (response) to my greeting.5she failed to gain admission (admit) to the university of her choice.6the boy stood behind the desk，pretending (假装) to be reading a book.7the students had their attention focused (集中注意力于) on the screen.8feeling betrayed (出卖) by her friends，the girl was very sad.9who will take over the company is a very sensitive (敏感的) issue.10the customer made some kind remarks (评论) about our service.1pretend to do/to be doing/to have done假装要/正在/已经做某事pretend to beadj./n.假装是i pretend that things are really okay when theyre not.当情况不好的时候我假装一切顺利。he pretended to be friendly to us.他假装对我们友好。夯实基础用所给词的适当形式填空(1)dont pretend to understand(understand) when you dont.(2)when his mother came in，he pretended to be studying(study)(3)he pretended to have known(know) the answer to the problem already.2 admit v.(常指勉强)承认(agree)；承认(过错、罪行)，招认，招供(confess)；准许进入(allow.to enter)；容纳(hold）admit sth./doing sth.承认某事/做某事admitn.to be承认是admit sb./o/to允许某人/物进入be admitted as.作为被接受be admitted to被录取；成为的一员however，the latest news shows that her 17yearold daughter was admitted into harvard and yale university.但是最新消息表明她17岁的女儿已被哈佛大学和耶鲁大学录取。(2011广东基础写作)you must admit the task to be difficult.你得承认这个任务是艰巨的。夯实基础同义句改写he had to admit that he had done wrong.(改为简单句)he had to admit having done wrong.3beg sb.for.向某人请求beg sb.to do.恳求某人做i beg your pardon./beg your pardon./pardon.请再说一遍。/对不起。i begged him to come back to england with me.我恳求他和我一起回英格兰。i was surrounded by people begging for food.我被一群讨饭的围住了。夯实基础用beg的适当形式填空(1)she was living alone，begging food from neighbors.(2)the beggar was too sleepy to be aware how cold it was.4forgive sb.sth.原谅某人某事forgive sb.for doing.原谅某人做了forgive and forget不念旧恶it is also a virtue to forgive and forget，especially in such a competitive and stressful society.不念旧恶也是一种美德，尤其在这样一个竞争激烈、压力巨大的社会中。(2012江苏书面表达)shed find a way to forgive him for the theft of the money.她会让自己原谅他偷钱的行为的。夯实基础同义句改写forgive my interrupting you.(用forgive sb.for doing.改写句子)forgive me for interrupting you.5focus.on/upon.把集中于o focus使成为焦点in focus对准焦点；清晰out of focus没对准焦点；不清晰in pursuing a dream，we might focus on only one way of making it come true，forgetting that there may be alternatives.在追求梦想的过程中，我们可能仅仅集中于使梦想实现的一种方法上，而忘了还有另外的方法。(2011北京开放作文)联想记忆表示“把集中于”的同义词组有：concentrate on，fix ones attention on，be lost in，be absorbed in，be buried in，be devoted to等。夯实基础用适当的介、副词填空(1)the relationship will be in focus today when monthly trade balance data are released.(2)dont go too fast or youll get out of focus.(3)bring the subject into focus if you want to have a good picture.6at ones own pace以某人自己的速度keep pace with(与)步调一致，(与)同步set the pace确定速度；领跑many people were not satisfied with the pace of change.很多人对变革的步伐不满意。i took a pace backwards.我往后退了一步。夯实基础in a time of social reform，peoples state of mind tends to keep with the rapid changes of society.astep bprogresscpace dtouch答案c解析句意为：在社会变革过程中，人们思想状态的变化与社会的迅速变化趋于一致。keep pace with为固定搭配，意为“(与)并驾齐驱，(与)步调一致”。7in the manner of以方式in this manner用这种方法have no manners没有礼貌she smiled again in a friendly manner.她又友好地微笑了一下。we kissed each others cheeks in the european manner.我们按欧洲人的方式互相亲吻了面颊。夯实基础完成句子(1)they both govern in the manner of(以方式) university professors.(2)two days passed in this manner(这样) before he was able to speak.8argue with sb.about/over sth.与某人争论某事argue for/against sth.为支持/反对某事而辩论argue o/out of doing sth.说服某人做/不做某事beyond argument无需争论the committee is concerned about players behaviour，especially arguing with referees.委员会很关注运动员的行为，特别是与裁判争吵的行为。his lawyers are arguing that he is unfit to stand trial.他的律师正在提出理由说明他不适合出庭受审。夯实基础用适当的介词填空(1)mary argued tom into buying a new car.(2)it is beyond argument that diaoyu island belongs to china.(3)he was arguing with his brother about how they should spend the money.9apologize to sb.for (doing) sth.因(做)某事向某人道歉make an apology to sb.for.因向某人道歉accept/refuse ones apology接受/拒绝某人的道歉owe sb.an apology向某人道歉im writing this letter to express my apology to you for not writing you back in time.我写信为没有及时给你回信表示道歉。(2013山东写作)i must apologize for not being able to meet you.我因没有接你而向你道歉。夯实基础同义句改写i apologized to her for stepping on her foot.(1)i made an apology to her for stepping on her foot.(用apology改写句子)(2)i said sorry to her for stepping on her foot.(用sorry改写句子)have a quarrel with sb.about/over sth.为某事和某人争吵quarrel with sb./sth.不赞同；反对it could have happened during a quarrel between them over it.这件事可能是在他们为此争吵的过程中发生的。夯实基础用适当的介词填空i used to quarrel a lot with my parents about/over small things，but now we get along fine.be sensitive to对敏感(过敏),make sense有意义；能理解make sense of理解；明白i cant make sense of the painting.我看不懂那幅画。dont be so sensitive；i was only joking.不要那么敏感，我只是开玩笑。图解助记夯实基础用上述短语填空(1)finally he made sense of the puzzling phenomenon.(2)of all the animals ive ever had，these two dogs are the most sensitive to the spoken word. blame v.把归咎于，责怪，指责(say or think sb. is responsible for)；n.过失；责任(responsibility)；责备，指责blame sb.for.因而指责某人；把归咎于某人blame sth.on sb.把某事归咎于某人be to blame (for sth.)应承担责任；该受责备(主动形式表被动意义)accept/bear/take the blame for.对负责；为承担责任put/lay the blame for sth.on sb.把某事的责任推到某人身上everybody knows that he is supposed to be to blame for this.人人皆知他应该为此受到责备。the president put the blame completely on his opponent.总统把责任完全推给了他的对手。词义辨析blame，accuse，chargeblame责备，谴责；归咎于，归罪于(on)。常用于blame sb.for sth.因某事指责某人，blame sth.on sb.把某事归咎于某人accuse控告，指控；指责，谴责。常用于accuse sb.of (doing) sth.指控某人(做了)某事charge控告；谴责。常用于charge sb.with (doing) sth.指控某人(做了)某事夯实基础用blame，accuse，charge的适当形式填空(1)it is obvious that you are to blame for the accident.(2)she was said to have been charged with drunken driving.(3)i was told that he was accused of murder.be cautious of/about在方面谨慎be cautious to do小心做caution n.& v.小心；谨慎；警告with caution小心地caution sb.to do./against doing.警告某人做/不做caution sb.for/about sth.因某事而劝告某人he is cautious in his choice of words.他措辞很谨慎。he cautioned that opposition attacks on the ruling party would not further political cooperation.他告诫说，反对派对执政党的攻击并不能增进政治合作。夯实基础同义句改写those numbers need to be treated cautiously.(将cautiously改为介词短语)those numbers need to be treated with caution.be eager to do.渴望做be eager for.急于得到be eager that.热切地希望only too eager to do.过于迫切地想做robert was eager to talk about the life in the army.罗伯特很想谈谈他的陆军生活。she is so eager for success.她太渴望成功了。特别提醒(1)表达“急切(盼望)(做)”的短语还有：be anxious for/to do.，long for，be greedy for，be hungry for，be dying for/to do.，be thirsty for，be keen on/to do.等。(2)too eager to do.急于做某事，而非“太着急而不能做”。词义辨析eager，anxiouseager是“渴望的，急于”的意思，指对成功的期望或对进入的渴望。anxious也是“渴望的，急于”的意思，指焦急、担心。夯实基础用eager，anxious填空(1)he is still absent，so i am quite anxious about his health.(2)she is eager for her parents approval.show/give mercy to对仁慈have/take mercy on对仁慈at the mercy of任凭摆布without mercy无怜悯之心its a mercy.真是幸运may god have mercy on your soul.愿上帝宽恕你的灵魂。its a mercy she wasnt seriously hurt.幸运的是她伤势不重。夯实基础翻译句子(1)这些人对穷人不怜悯。these persons dont show mercy to the poor.(2)我们在这里碰到你真是幸运。its a mercy that we have met you here.单项填空1the graduates into the company usually receive strict training before they start to work.aaccepted bacceptingcadmitted dadmitting答案c解析admit sb.to/into.接受某人(成为其一员)，其被动式为sb.be admitted to/into.。本题中此结构用作定语，相当于定语从句who are admitted into the company。2now that he admitted that he had stolen the money，you should have him.apunished bforgivencscolded dapologized答案b解析句意为：既然他承认偷了钱，你应该原谅他。forgive原谅，符合题意。3many people complain of the rapid of modern life.arate bspeedcpace dgrowth答案c解析句意为：许多人抱怨现代生活节奏很快。pace步伐，节奏，进度，符合句意。rate速率；speed速度；growth生长。4we looked forward to the day when the motorcar has been replaced by some less dangerous of transport.ameans bmethodscmanners dways答案a解析means of transport运输方式。5gun control is a subject americans have argued for a long time.aof which bwith whichcabout which dinto which答案c解析argue about sth.争论某事；argue with sb.与某人争论。句意为：枪支的控制是很长时间以来美国人争论的话题。6have you made an apology him breaking his mp5?yes.i did yesterday.afor；to bto；tocfor；to dto；for答案d解析考查固定短语：make an apology to sb.for (doing) sth.。7yesterday we had a friendly about the relationship between the two cities.aquarrel bdiscussioncfight dargument答案a解析句意为：昨天我们就两个城市之间的关系进行了一场友好的辩论。quarrel争论，辩论，符合句意。8the elderly need special care in winter，as they are to the sudden changes of weather.asensitive bsensiblecflexible dpositive答案a解析根据句意“冬季老人需要特别的关爱，因为他们对天气的突变很敏感”可知正确答案为a项。9they blamed the failure on george.actually，he .ais not to blame bis to blamecis not to be blamed dshould not blame答案a解析sb.be to blame表示“某人该受责备”，又由actually(事实上)知此处应选a项。10you must be when driving on the icy road.acautious bcuriouscreligious dgenerous答案a解析句意为：当在光滑的路面上开车时你必须要小心。cautious小心的，符合句意。.汉译英1这表明现今社会的一个普遍现象：孩子是家庭的中心，承担着父母的希望。(focus)(2013福建书面表达)it shows a common phenomenon nowadays that children are the focus of families，shouldering the hope of their parents.2即使过去不喜欢英语的学生结果也对这门课程感兴趣。(dislike)(2012辽宁书面表达)even the students who used to dislike english have turned out to be interested in the subject.3然后他们开始大喊大叫，而后变成了可怕的争吵。(quarrel) (2012江苏书面表达)then they started shouting and yelling，and it turned into a horrible quarrel.1i rang you but didnt get through.2all the people should be treated with respect regardless of their race，education and wealth.3many people agree that a good marriage is based on trust.4if you continue to steal youll end up in prison.5thanks to your advice，i got the job.6to keep pace with the fast changing world，we have to get our knowledge and skills updated.1(1)before long相当于soon或a little later，意为“不久”，常与将来时、过去时连用，在句中作状语，不可以直接加从句。(2)long before相当于long long ago，意为“很久以前”，常用于过去时或过去完成时的句子中作时间状语，before后面可以接名词、代词或句子。(3)it is/was not long before.不久就(4)it will be long before.要过多久才,(5)it wont be long before.过不了多久就it looks as if it will rain before long.看起来一会儿就要下雨了。夯实基础he had studied a lot of english he went to england.asoon before blong beforecbefore long dsoon after答案b解析句意为：在他去英国前他就已经学了很长时间的英语。long before很久以前，符合句意。2go through经历，经受；仔细查看；(法律等)通过；用完；浏览look through浏览；往里面看break through冲破；突破see through看穿；识破pull through康复；渡过难关i always start the day by going through my mail.我每天总是先看邮件。she was able to get through to me by email.她通过电子邮件能和我联系上。夯实基础用含有through的短语填空(1)they will never forget the experience they went through last year.(2)everyone was very concerned whether he would pull through or not.(3)we finally broke through the unfriendly atmosphere.3 end up(多指出乎意料地)最终处于，(以)告终(in sth.)；最终(成为)(as sth.)；最终(做)(doing)；以结尾(with sth.)；结果为bring/put.to an end使终止on end竖着，直立；连续地make ends meet使收支相抵come to an end结束at an end结束；终止after a luxurious life，he ended up in poverty.他过了一段奢侈的生活后，最终变的穷困潦倒。the restaurants were all full and we ended up eating hamburgers at home.所有餐馆都已客满，我们最终只能在家啃汉堡。夯实基础it is possible that one day we will disability，so we shouldnt look down upon the disabled.aend up with bput up withccome up with dcatch up with答案a解析句意为：将来有一天，我们也可能以残疾而告终，因此我们不应看不起残疾人。end up with以告终，符合句意。4rely on.to do/doing.依赖做rely on sb.for sth.依赖/指望某人某事rely on it that.指望；相信i know i can rely on you to sort it out.我相信你会把它解决好的。they relied heavily on the advice of their professional advisers.他们非常依赖职业咨询师提供的建议。夯实基础同义句改写you may rely on his coming on time.(1)you may rely on him to come on time.(用不定式改写句子)(2)you may rely on it that he will come on time.(改为含有it作形式宾语的复合句)5due to由于(作表语、定语、状语)owing to由于 (作表语、状语)as a result of因为；由于(作状语)because of由于；因为(作状语)on account of因为(作状语)thanks to our teachers encouragement，we can make continuous progress in life.多亏老师的鼓励，我们才能在生活中不断进步。 (2012广东读写任务)特别提醒due to一般不放在句首，如果放在句首，要用because of或owing to代替。夯实基础用because，because of 填空(1)our flight was delayed because the weather was bad.(2)he was angry because of what he said.单项填空1we insisted that the meaningless argument .ashould bring to an endbwas brought to an endcmight come to an enddcome to an end答案d解析句意为：我们坚决要求停止无意义的争论。insist表示“坚决要求”，其后的宾语从句中使用虚拟语气，谓语动词应用“should动词原形”，should可省略。bring to an end使终止，为及物动词短语，与从句主语为动宾关系，因此应使用被动形式；come to an end结束，为不及物动词短语。2you can rely on she will come to your help.she is honest and kindhearted.ait that bitcthat dthat it答案a解析考查固定短语：rely on it that.指望。3life is still hard for a great many farmers in chinas west. that the government is taking new measures to help them out.ain spite of bbecause ofcthanks to din addition答案b解析because of因为，符合句意。in spite of尽管；thanks to多亏；in addition此外。4however，scientists are delighted by the discovery，because the engineers are all very educated people and scientists feel they can what they described.arely on bdeal withcwrite down dpass on答案a解析此处指“科学家感觉他们能够信任工程师们所描述的”；rely on依赖，信任。5the earthquake has destroyed most houses in the village.how are they going to the winter?aget on bget acrosscget over dget through答案d解析第二句句意为：他们将如何度过这个冬天？get through可作“度过(时间)”讲。.汉译英1由于人类破坏性的影响，这个珍稀物种的数量已经下降到不足100只。(because of)(2013重庆写作二)because of the human beings destructive influence，the number of this precious species has promptly dropped to less than 100.2这次我向你保证过不了多久我们就会再次见面。(long before) (2011山东写作)i can assure you this time it wont be long before we see each other.用所给词的适当形式填空1the joke made us all laugh(laugh)2i am expecting to hear(hear) from you.3she is said to have studied(study) abroad last year.4i happened to be watching(watch) tv when she called.5she asks to be treated(treat) equally.1 yesterday，i saw him talking to another boy，peter，and i cannot help wondering if he wants peter to be his best friend instead of me.昨天我看见他和另一个男孩彼得说话，我忍不住想他是不是想让彼得取代我做他最好的朋友。cant help doing.情不自禁做，忍不住做help oneself to.自用/自取所需(食物等)cant help/choose but do.不得不做cant help to do.不能帮忙做help out帮助解决难题all these presents came to more money than i had，and my mother had to help me out.我的钱不够买所有这些礼物，我母亲只好借给了我一些钱。hearing the news，they cant help jumping for joy.他们听到这消息时禁不住欢跳起来。夯实基础用所给词的适当形式填空(1)you cant help but start (start) moving when you hear this song.(2)i cant help to clean (clean) the room，because i have to do