外研社大学英语unit 4课后练习答案.doc

Reading: Text 11 1 Match the words with their definitions. 1 i 2 f 3 g 4 c 5 h 6 a 7 b 8 e 9 d 10 j 2 Complete the following expressions or sentences by using the target words listed below with the help of the Chinese in brackets. Change the form if necessary. 1 breach 2 shallow 3 implement 4 survivor(s) 5 hypothetical 6 initiate 7 potential 8 despite 9 neutralize 10 contact 11 transport 12 volume 13 penetrate 14 confirm 15 strategy 16 estimate 17 noticeable 18 generation 19 avert 20 medical 21 disperse 22 integrity 23 compensate 3 Read the sentences in the box. Pay attention to the parts in bold.Now complete the paragraph by translating the Chinese in brackets. You may refer to the expressions and the sentence patterns listed above. is associated with nuclear energy（和原子能有联系） depends somewhat on（某种程度上取决于） take care of（来对付） radiation leakage takes place（辐射泄漏发生） arises from long-time exposure of radiation（由于长时间暴露在辐射下） 4 Translate the following sentences from Text 11 into Chinese. 1 辐射自然存在于我们的环境当中，一般人每秒钟都遭受着自然中15000个粒子的辐射，而一次普通的医疗X 光检查则带有1000亿个粒子的辐射。 2 这些与人体接触的物质主要有：发电厂常规运行时的少量释放物、核电站事故和放射性材料运输事故、以及从隔离系统中泄漏的放射性废料。 3 在利用现有技术预防遗传性疾病方面还有很多可以做；如果利用核工业纳税款的1%来进一步实施这项技术，那么由核工业造成的每一种疾病中都将有80例遗传疾病得到防止。 4 高剂量的辐射会摧毁身体机能并在 60天内导致死亡，但这种“明显的”死亡仅限2%的核反应堆熔毁事故中，在0.2%的熔毁事故中会超过 100天，而在1/100,000的熔毁事故中会超过3500天。 5 对于氡效应详尽的预测是一家运行一年的核电站最终将避免几百人死亡， 而一家同等的煤电厂将最终导致30人死亡。 Reading: Text 12 1 Match the words with their definitions. 1 e 2 a 3 i 4 h 5 j 6 c 7 b 8 d 9 f 10 g 2 Complete the following expressions or sentences by using the target words listed below with the help of the Chinese in brackets. Change the form if necessary. 1 collide with 2 brave 3 deleterious 4 gauge 5 aftermath 6 duration 7 tissues 8 dramatically 9 scenario 10 cosmic 11 normal 12 generate 13 evacuated 14 underwent 15 sustain 16 fission 17 reposition 18 abide 19 emergency 20 in the wake of 21 stoke 22 wreck 23 prevalence 24 long-term 25 err 26 caution 3 Read the sentences in the box. Pay attention to the parts in bold. Now complete the paragraph by translating the Chinese in brackets. You may refer to the expressions and the sentence patterns listed above. When it comes to（当涉及） has again raised concerns over（再一次引起对的担忧） weigh their risks and benefits（权衡其危险和优点） in the wake of（紧随而来的） 4 Translate the following sentences from Text 12 into Chinese. 1 尽管放射性的蒸汽已经被释放以降低被毁坏的络合物反应堆的压力， 而且三次爆炸中还额外的辐射泄露，辐射水平的最高点仍旧没有维持不变。 2 这一类型的辐射有足够的能量来电离原子（通常通过毁坏电子而产生正电），从而给予这些原子化学潜能，使之与生物组织中的原子和分子发生对人体有害的反应。 3 这是因为大部分的伽玛射线和 X 光射线会直接穿透身体，不与身体的组织发生作用（就原子层面而言，身体基本上是中空的空间）而直接穿透身体，但无法穿透组织的 射线和 射线则会通过与身体原子的碰撞扩展其能量，从而可能导致更多的损坏。 4 电离辐射导致的DNA 破坏可能会导致癌症的发生，尤其是对高频率细胞分裂的组织，比如消化道、生殖细胞和骨髓。 5 冈萨雷斯认为，在切尔贝诺利工作的一些应急工人受到了几百雷姆的辐射。因为酷热的缘故，许多人基本上是“赤裸”地工作，被污染的粉末就这样通过他们的皮肤被身体吸收了。 Reading: Text 13 1 Match the words with their definitions. 1 f 2 d 3 g 4 h 5 i 6 e 7 j 8 a 9 c 10 b 2 Complete the following expressions or sentences by using the target words listed below with the help of the Chinese in brackets. Change the form if necessary. 1 panic 2 malnutritioned 3 poultry 4 monitor 5 synthetic 6 floor 7 concentrations 8 blatantly 9 dire 10 ensure 11 populace 12 livestock 13 perplexed 14 represent 15 deem 16 bliss 17 detectable 18 devoure 19 distract 20 pose 21 sample 22 adverse 23 hermetically 29 elevated 30 forthcoming 3 Read the sentences in the box. Pay attention to the parts in bold.Now complete the paragraph by translating the Chinese in brackets. You may refer to the expressions and the sentence patterns listed above. It should come as a surprise（令人吃惊的是） tend to downplay the risk（对其危害轻抹淡写） deem PM2.5 harmless（认为PM2.5没有危害性） pose a serious risk to humans（对人造成严重危害） it would be better to think twice before（最好多加以思考然后） 4 Translate the following sentences from Text 13 into Chinese. 1为了不让公众恐慌，这一次官员们又将辐射轻描淡写。事实上周围许多事物已经给我们带来有害影响：添了氟化物的水、化学杀虫剂、不必要的强制疫苗、使用激素、用人工饲料喂养牲畜和家禽和转基因农产品等。 2 任何正常人在未来的 80 到 100 年都不再想去日本，这一事实足以表明那里的形势有多么严峻。 3 日常生活中辐射无处不在，已检测出的辐射与我们每天接触到的相比，数量微乎其微。 4 不会造成危害的、安全的一个辐射量界限是不存在的。只要是辐射都会破坏人体细胞。 5 当我们的兄弟姐妹正在遭受苦难时，哪怕他们离我们很远，我们又怎么能无动于衷呢？ Reading: Text 14 1 Match the words with their definitions. 1 i 2 b 3 f 4 e 5 h 6 j 7 d 8 c 9 g 10 a 2 Complete the following expressions or sentences by using the target words listed below with the help of the Chinese in brackets. Change the form if necessary. 1 symptoms 2 core 3 menacing 4 sterility 5 compromise 6 cumulative 7 dose 8 ingest 9 penetrate 10 premature 11 hovering 12 disrupt 13 conception(s) 14 magnitude 15 spark 16 acute 17 facilities 18 transmitted 3 Read the sentences in the box. Pay attention to the parts in bold. Now complete the paragraph by translating the Chinese in brackets. You may refer to the expressions and the sentence patterns listed above. Estimate of the number of people（估计人数） ranges from 20 million to 30 million（从两千万到三千万） As it poses a threat to human（由于对人类造成很大的威胁） bring the disease under control（控制住这个疾病） get a sense of the nature（了解其性质） fears about（对恐惧） continue to spread（继续在蔓延） each will have various effects on（对产生不同影响） 4 Translate the following sentences from Text 14 into Chinese. 1 2011年3 月11日日本发生了 9级大地震，地震引起的海啸给沿海地区造成毁灭性的破坏，海啸过后，村庄被夷为平地。 2 碘 131的半衰期为 8天，意味着8天过后其放射性减弱为之前的一半，从而使其放射性效74 果存在的时间相对较短。 3 人们经常受到的辐射