2013七年下短语.doc

Unit 1 Can you play the guitar ?1、 can+动词原形，它不随主语和数而变化。 (1)含有can的肯定句：主语+can+谓语动词的原形+其他。 (2)变一般疑问句时，把can提前：Can+主语+动词原形+其他？肯定回答：Yes，主语+can。否定回答：No，主语+cant. (3)含有can的否定句：主语+cant+动词的原形+其他。 (4)含有can的特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+can+主语+动词原形+其他？2. join+某个组织，俱乐部，join sb. “参加到某人中” join in (doing)sth “加入做.，参加某个活动” join in=take part in +活动，比赛3. speak+语言 说某种语言： 4、play+球、棋、牌；play+the+乐器。5、be good at +名词/动ing擅长于（做）什么 = do well in 6、help sb. (to ) do sth. / help sb. with sth.帮助某人做某事7、May I know your name? 我能知道你名字吗？8、想要做什么：want (sb) to do sth 例如：I want to learn about art.9、What club do you want to join? I want to join the chess/ swimming/basketball/.club the story telling club 故事会俱乐部10. make friends 交朋友 11.play games 做游戏 12.do kung fu会（中国）功夫 13.on the weekend/ on weekends 在周末 14. talk to /with sb 和.交谈15 jion the. Club 加入.俱乐部 16 need sb to do sth 需要某人做某事 17 a little +不可数名词 一点.18 show sth to sb/ show sb sth 出示某物给某人19 be good with = get on well with sb 和.相处得好 善于待人20 call sb at + 电话号码Unit 2 What time do you go to school ?(一)what time和when引导的特殊疑问句。 (1)对时间提问用what time，也可以用when。询问钟点时用what time，询问日期、月份、年份时用when。(2)询问做某事的时间时，两者可以互换。 (3)其他询问时间的句子：Whats the time? =What time is it?现在几点了？ （二）时刻表达法：顺读法和逆读法。 (1)顺读法：“钟点+分钟”直接读数字。eleven-o-five 十一点过五分， six forty 六点四十用基数词 + oclock来表示整点，eight oclock 八点钟， (2)逆读法：借助介词past或to表示，要先说分再说钟点。 A. 当分钟不超过30分钟时（包括30分钟），即30，用to表示。其结构为：“所差分钟（即60所 过分钟数）+to+下一个整点”，to译成“差”，差几分钟到几点。 8:35 可表示为twenty-five to nine 差二十五分钟九点C. 当分钟为30分钟用half表示，9:30 可表示为 half past nine D. 当分钟为15分钟用a quarter。7:15可表示为a quarter past seven （三）短语always 总是usually 通常often常常sometime 有时 Watch+TV、球赛 “观看，观赏”，特指长时间注视。 See+电影、医生 “看见”，强调看的结果。 Look “看”，强调看的动作，look后接宾语时要用介词at。 Read+书刊、杂志 “阅读” Work 不可数名词 job 可数名词1.listen to +宾语 2 get up 起床3、eat breakfast 吃早4. radio station 广播电台 5.go to work去上班 6. take a shower 洗淋浴 7 . need to do sth 需要做某事8 get dressed 穿上衣 9.at night在晚上 10. be late for 迟到 11 get home到家12brush teeth 刷牙 13 go to +地点名词go to school 14 go+地点副词 go home 15. have a heathy life 拥有一种健康的生活16. lots of =a lot of 许多，大量 17.either.or.要么.要么. When the girl is happy ,she either sings or dances.那个女孩高兴时，不是唱歌就是跳舞Either you or I am going there tomorrow.明天要么你去那里，要么我去那里。He is either in ther classroom or in the library.他不是在教室就是在图书馆。18.be good for 对.是有益 Doing sports is good for our heath.做运动对我们的健康是有益的。19 from .to.从.到. We work from morning to night .我们从早工作到晚。Unit 3 How do you get to school?一、本单元知识点总结1.get to school 到校 2.play with sb和.一起玩3. come true 实现 4 think of 想到，想起.5.leave for 到地方去，离开去某地6. most students 大多数学生7. bus stop 公共汽车站 8.taketo把带到9.ride bikes 骑自行车 10.every day 每天 11. in places 在一些地方12on the school bus乘坐校车13.take the train to school 乘火车去上学 14.go to school by boat乘船去上学15.be different from和不同 16 one 11-year old boy 一个十一岁大的男孩（一）how 引导的特殊疑问句1.how 引导的特殊疑问句提问交通方式，其答语分4种情况：a. take a/an/the+交通工具（单数）take the subway 乘地铁b. by+交通工具（单数） I get to school by bike.c. on/in+限定词+交通工具 = I get to school on my bike.d.walk/ride/drive/fly+to+地点名词，步行/骑自行车/开车/坐飞机去某地Take the bus to school=go to school by bus=go to school on a busFly to shanghai=go to shanghai by plane/air=take the/a plane to shanghai=go to shanghai on a/an/the plane.2. how far 用来提问距离，多远，其答语分为两种：（1）用长度单位表示：It is five kilometers.（2）用时间表示：Its twenty minutes walk. 3.how long 用来提问时间，意为多久回答常用“for+段时”。-How long have you learnt English?-For 3 years.how soon 用来提问做完某事还需要多长时间， 常用于将来时态时， 常用“in+时间段”来回答。How soon will you arrive in Beijing?-In 3 hours.二、重点知识详解1.get表示“到达”，后接名词需加to，接地点副词不加to. reach 给示到达，是及物动词，其后直接接宾语。 arrive in+大地点 arrive at +小地点 后接副词不需介词。2. It takes sb some money/time to do sth.花费某人多少时间/钱做某事 Sb pay some money for sth 某人为某物花费多少钱 Sb spend some time/money on sth 某人在做某事或某物上花费时间/钱Sb spend some time/ money (in)doing sth Sth cost sb some money 某物花费某人多少钱How far is it from A to B?=How far is B from A? How far is it from your home to school?从你家到时学校有多远？答语有两种：Itsmeters/miles/kilometers(away)有米/英里/千米（远）It s about ten minutes walk/ ride. 大约有十分钟步行/骑车的路程。Its +adj +for sb +to do sth.对某人来说做某事. Its easy for me to learn English.对我来说学习英语很容易。Unit 4 Dont eat in class1. 肯定的祈使句：(1) 实义动词原形+其他； (2) be动词原形+形容词+其他； (3) Let sb do sth. 2. 否定的祈使句：(1) Dont+实义动词+原形； (2) Dont be+形容词+其他；(3) Dont let sb do sth (4) No+Ving.3. help sb.( to ) do sth 帮助某人做某事 I help my mom clean the room . help sb with sth 在某方面帮助某人 He often helps me with English .4. practice doing sth 练习做某事 He practices playing basketball on Sunday.5. be strict with sb 对某人要求严格 My teachers are strict with us. be strict in sth 对某事要求严格 My father is strict in my work6. have to do sth 不得不做某事 I have to clean the room every Saturday7. leave sth sp 把某物忘在某地 I leave my ball in the classroom.8. keep +宾语+ 形容词 使.保持某种状态 She keeps her hair long.9. learn to do sth 学会做某事 Imust learn to play the piano10 .too many + 可数名词的复数 He has too many rules in his familytoo much + 不可数名词/ 还可以修饰动词 He has too much homework to do erery day. / Tom talks too much.much too + 常接形容词或副词 The boy is much too fat.11. remember to do sth记得要去做某事 remember doing sth 记得做过某事Remember to call me when you arrive there.I remember seeing her in the city 12 n time 准时，按时13. listen to . 听.14.in class 在课上15 go out 外出 16. be quiet 安静17 have fun 玩得高兴18 do the dishes 清洗餐具19 make breakfast 做早饭20 make ones bed 铺床21. be/arrive late for 做. 迟到22 keep ones hair short 留短发 23 make rules 制订规则24 be noisy 吵闹 25 follow the rules 遵守规则 Unit5 Why do you like pandas?1.kind of 有几分，有点儿 2.be from / come from 来自于3. South Africa 很长时间 4.all day 整天 5.for a long time 很长时间 6. get lost 迷路7. cut down 砍倒8.places with food and water 有食物和水的地方 9.twelve years old 十二岁10.in (great) danger 处于极大危险之中11.a symbol of good luck 好运的象征12.walk on two legs用两条腿走路13 .things made of ivory 由象牙制成的东西14. Let sb do sth 让某人做某事 Let me help you 15. want to do sth 想要做某事情 I want to be a teacher.16.one of + 名词复数 .之一 One of them is my friend.17 .forget to do sth 忘记要做某事 Dont forget to close the door. Forget doing sth 忘记做过某事 I forgot closing the door.18. be friendly to sb 对某人很友好 Our teachers are friendly to us.19 be made of 由. 制成的（从成品中能看出原材料） The kite is made of paper.风筝是由纸做成的be made from 由.制成的（从成品中看不出原材料）Butter is made from milk . 黄油是由牛奶制成的。20 Why not + 动词原形+.？ Why not go to the zoo?Why dont you + 动词原形+.? Why dont you go to the zoo?Unit6 Im watching TV1. 现在进行时： （1）构成形式：Be动词+动词的ing形式 (be动词和动词+ing两者缺一不可)（2）现在进行时表示动作正在进行或事情正在发生。（3）有用的依据：一个句子中既有be动词，又有动词，且动词加了ing 该句是现在进行时（4）句中往往有now、look、listen 、Its +时间点等。动词现在分词的变化见下表：词尾情况变化方式例词一般情况加ingplay玩playing do做doinggo去going jump跳jumpingsee看见-seeing以不发音的e结尾去e加ingmake做making take拿到takinglike喜欢liking come来coming以重读闭音节结尾的动词，中间只有一个元音字母，词尾只有一个辅音字母双写最后一个辅音字母再加ingswim游泳swimming sit坐sittingrun跑running get得到gettingput放putting begin开始beginning1.be busy doing sth忙于做某事 His brother is busy _ (write) stories in his room2 做家庭作业：do ones homework 3 打扫房间：clean the room4 吃晚饭：eat dinner 5 打电话：talk on the phone = make a telephone call6 看书/看报/看杂志：read books, read newspapers, read magazines7 上课：have an English class / give an English class8 举行晚会：have an evening party 9在学校：at school 10在体育馆里：in the gym 11 和某人说再见：say goodbye to sb 12 在购物中心：at the mall 13在游泳池：at the swimming pool14. .drink tea 喝茶15. 做汤 make soup16. (身体)好，健康：well = fine 如：- How is your mother? - She is _.17. use the computer 使用电脑18.study for a test 为考试而学习19. any other + 可数名词单数 其他任何一个.20. wish to do sth 希望做某事21 (1) 也：also 用于“肯定句的句中”；(2) 也：too 用于“肯定句的句末，前加逗号”；(3) 也：either 用于“否定句的句末，前加逗号”。22.打电话专用语小结：Whos that (speaking)? 你是谁？ May / Could I speaking to .?请.接电话好吗？Whos speaking ? 谁在讲话？ Is that .( speaking )?你是.吗？This is .(speaking). 我是.Hold on , please . 请等一会儿。 Hold on for a moment / minute. 请稍等。Unit 71.Not bad 不错 2. at the park在公园 3.have a good time /have fun/ enjoy oneself 过得很愉快 4. take a message for .为捎个口信 5. call （sb） back 给某人回电话 6.no problem 没问题7. right now 现在8.talk on the phone 通过电话交谈9. summer/winter vacation暑/寒假10.by the pool在游泳池边11.drink orange juice喝橙汁12.study hard 努力学习13. on a vacation在度假14.in the mountain在山里 15. call sb 给某人打电话16. take a phote of 给.拍一张照片17. leave a message 留口信18. just right for doing sth.做某事正合适The coats just right for you.19.have a great time (in) doing sth愉快地做某事We often have a great time (in) playing basketball after school20. some of . 当中的一些Some of them are happy.21. get a letter from sb/hear from sb收到某人的来信。I got a letter from my friend yesterday.22.be happy to do sth 高兴做某事 He will be happy to see you. 23. tell sb(not) to do 告诉某人（不要）做某事 Tell him (not) to call me .24. write to sb / write a letter to sb 给某人写信Please write to me 25 .询问天气的问句：Hows the weather(in Beijin/today)?Whats the weather like ?26 How is going ?Great/ Not bad/ Terrible/ just so so 27 What do you think of 你认为怎么样Unit 81.post office邮局 2.police station警察局 3.pay phone付费电话 4.on Bridge Street在大桥街上 5.across from 在的对面 6.next to在的旁边 7.between the post office and the library 在邮局和图书馆之间 8.in front of在前面 9.on Center Street在中央大街上 10.near here在这附近 11.go along沿着走 12.turn right 向右转 13.turn left 向左转 14.on ones left/right在某人的左/右边 15.at the first crossing 在第一个十字路口 16.in my neighborhood在我的附近；邻近 17.on the left /right在左/右边 18.go straight 沿着.直走 19.the way to 去.的路 20. in ones life 在某人的一生中 21. enjoydoingsth.喜欢做某事1.turn right/left at the +序数词+crossing. 在第几个十字路口向右/左转。 take the +序数词+crossing on the right/ left 2. (1) spend time money on sth. 在上花费时间（金钱）。例：I spent two hours on this maths problem. 这道数学题花了我两个小时。(2) spend time money (in) doing sth. 花费时间（金钱）做某事。例：They spent two years (in) building this bridge. 造这座桥花了他们两年时间。 3. It takes sb. 时间to do sth. 做某事花了某人多少时间。例：It took them three years to build this road. 他们用了三年时间修完了这条路。4.pay for +物 “付钱买某物” Who paid for the ticket?pay + 钱+for +物 付多少钱买某物 She pays 5 yuan for the books.5.sth cost(s) sb + 钱eg: The dress cost me 300 yuan. 这条裙子花了我300元。6.watch sb. do sth. 观看某人做某事 强调 过程 watch sb. doing sth 观看某人做某事 强调动作正在进行 He watched me playing football 看到我正在踢足球He watched me cross the bridge 看到我过桥（的过程）Unit 9 短语1 look like 看起来像.2 short/ long / curly /straight/black hair短/长卷直/黑发3 be of medium height/build 中等高度身体4 a little有点儿 5 a pop singer 一位流行歌 6 a big nose 大鼻子 7 go shopping (do some shopping) 去购物 8 a small mouth一张小嘴巴 9 a round /longface 一张圆/长脸 10 blonde hair 金黄色的头发11stop to do sth 停下来去做某事stop doing sth 停止正在做的事情12tell jokes/ stories 讲笑话/ 讲故事13 in the end 最后14 have fun doing sth 愉快地做某事15 the same way同样的方式句型1 What does/ do +主语 + look like? 询问某人的外貌特征，看上去什么样？ Eg: What does your friend look like?2 形容头发时， 可按照先长短，后曲直，最后说颜色的顺序说。Eg: She has long curly black hair.3 one of + 名词复数，谓语动词要用“单三”形式。Eg: One of his friends is a worker.4. He is (通常为形容词，包括身高、体形等)He has（通常为形容词修饰的名词，包括头发、五官）He wears（穿、戴、留。可以是衣服、帽子、鞋子等，也可以是眼镜、手表、胡须）5I dont think的用法表达否定的看法I dont think she is good-looking.Unit10 Id like some noodles.单元大归纳【短语归纳】1. would like 想要 2. take ones order 点菜3. beef soup 牛肉汤 4. one bowl of 一碗5. what size 什么尺寸 6. ma po tofu with rice 带有米饭的麻婆豆腐7. what kind 什么种类 8. small / medium / large bowl 小/ 中 / 大碗9. green tea 绿茶 10. orange juice 橘汁11. around the world 世界各地 12. birthday cake 生日蛋糕13. the number of 的数量/a number of 许多，若干 14. make a wish 许个愿望 15. blow out 吹灭 16. in one go 一口气17. come true 实现 18. cut up 切碎【用法集萃】1. would like + sth. 想要某物 2. would like + to do sth. 想要做某事3. Why dont you + do sth.? 为何不做某事？/why not + do sth ? 4. the number of + 名词复数的数量【典句必背】1. What kind of noodles would you like? 你想要哪种面条？2. Id like beef noodles, please. 我想要牛肉面。3. What size would you like? 你想要多大的？4. Id like a medium bowl, please. 我想要一个中碗的。5. Would you like a large bowl? 你想要一个大碗的吗？6. Yes, please. 好吧。7. If he or she blows out all the candles in one to, the wish will come true. 假如他或她一口气吹灭所有的蜡烛，愿望将实现。【经典范文】My Favorite Food Im a middle school student. I like to eat healthy food. I have milk, eggs and bread for breakfast. For lunch I would like rice, fish and vegetables. I like chicken, juice, rice and hamburgers for supper. Of all the food, my favorite food is chicken and apple juice.111. go for a walk 去散步 2. milk a cow 挤牛奶3. ride a horse 骑马 4. feed chickens 喂小鸡5. talk with 与谈话 6. take photos 拍照7. quite a lot 相当多 8. show around 带领参观9. learn about 了解 10. from to 从到11. grow strawberries 种植草莓 12. pick strawberries 采草莓13. in the countryside 在乡下 14. go fishing 去钓鱼15. at night 在夜晚 16. a lot of 许多；大量17. come out 出来 18. go on a school trip 去学校郊游19. along the way 沿线 20. after that 之后21. buy sth. for sb. 为某人买某物 22. all in all 总的来说23. take a / the train 乘火车 24. be interested in 对感兴趣25. not at all 根本不 26. fire station 消防站27.gift shop 礼品店 28.all in all 总的说来29. not .at all 根本不【用法集萃】1. How + be? / What+ be + like? 怎么样？2. too many + 可数名词复数 太多的 3. teach sb. how to do sth. 教某人怎样做某事4. quite + a / an + 形容词+可数名词单数 = a + very + 形容词+ 可数名词单数一个相当 / 很【典句必背】1. How was your school trip? 你的学校郊游怎么样？It was great! 好极了！2. Did you go to the zoo? 你去动物园了吗？No, I didnt. I went to a farm. 不，没有。我去农场了。3. Did you see any cows? 你看见一些牛奶了吗？Yes, I did. I saw quite a lot. 是的，我看见了，我看见相当多（的牛奶）4. Were the strawberries good? 这些草莓是好的吗？ Yes, they were. 是的，它们是。 / No, they werent. 不，它们不是。5. Everything was about robots and Im not interested in that. 一切都是关于机器人的，我对那方面不感兴趣。【经典范文】I had a busy weekend. On Saturday morning, I did my homework, and then I played computer games. In the afternoon, I visited my grandmother. We talked for a long time.On Sunday morning, I cleaned my room and did some reading. Then I cooked for m parents. In the afternoon, I watched a football match on TV and listened