2015年职称英语考试理工A全真模拟试题二.doc

2015年职称英语考试理工A全真模拟试题二一、词汇。1、 These are theirmotivesfor doing) it.AreasonsBexcusesCanswersDplans2、 The riverwidensconsiderably as it begins to turn west.AtwistsBstretchesCbroadensDbends3、 Henry cannot resist thelureof drugs.AabuseBflavorCtemptationDconsumption4、 These programs are ofimmensevalue to old people.AnaturalBfatalCtinyDenormous5、 A great deal has been done toremedy_the situation.AmaintainBimproveCassessDprotect6、 John iscollaboratingwith Mary in writing an article.AcooperatingBcompetingCcombiningDarguing7、 He is determined toconsolidatehis power.AstrengthenBcontrolCabandonDexercise8、 Many scientists have beenprobing psychological problems.AsolvingBexploringCsettlingDhandling9、 Hearing problems maybe alleviatedby changes in diet and exercise habits.AremovedBcuredCworsenedDrelieved10、 All the cars are tested fordefectsbefore leaving the factory.AfunctionsBfaultsCmotionsDparts11、 The food isinsufficientfor three people.AinstantBinfiniteCinexpensiveDinadequate12、 Thousands of peopleperishedin the storm.AdiedBsufferedCfloatedDscattered13、 Butin the endhe approved of our proposal,Aundoubtedly BcertainlyCultimatelyDnecessarily14、 For young children, getting dressed is acomplicatedbusiness.AstrangeBcomplexCpersonalDfunny15、 In Britain and many other countries,appraisalis now a tool of management.AevaluationBproductionCefficiencyDpublicity二、阅读判断。 Mad Scientist Stereotype OutdatedDo people still imagine a physicist as a bearded man in glasses or has the image of the mad scientist changed? The Institute of Physics set out to find out whether the stereotype of a physics boffin (科学家) still exists by conducting a survey on shoppers in London. The people were asked to identify the physicist from a photograph of a line-up of possible suspects.98percent of those asked got it wrong. The majority of people picked a white male of around 60,wearing glasses and with a white beard.While this stereotype may have been the image of all average physicist fifty years ago, the reality is now very different since 1960 the number of young women entering physics has doubled and the average age of a physicist is now 31.The stereotype of the absent-minded scientist has lasted a long time because the media and Hollywood help promote the image of men in white lab coats with glasses sitting by blackboards full of equations (等式) or working with fizzing (嘶嘶响) test tubes. These stereotypes are really damaging to society. Very good school children are put off studying science because they dont see people like themselves on television or in magazines doing science. They simply dont relate to the medias image of the mad scientist. This is one reason why fewer young people are choosing to do science at university. If we want to encourage more young people to study science subjects, we need to change this image of the scientist and make science careers more attractive. But we must also develop childrens interest in science. In an attempt to change this negative image, an increasing number of science festivals are being organized. Thousands of people from secondary schools are also encouraged to take part in the international wide science competitions of which the most popular are the national Science Olympiads. Winning national teams then get the opportunity to take part in the International Science Olympiads which are held in a different county every year. These events are all interesting for the young people who take part but they only involve a small proportion ofstudents who are already interested in science. It seems that there is a long way to go before science becomes attractive as subjects like computer studies or fashion and design.16.Most people have similar ideas of what a physicist looks like.ARight BWrong CNot mentioned17、 The majority of physicists in Britain today are Cambridge graduatesARight BWrong CNot mentioned18、 The media and the cinema have played a role in promoting the image of the madscientist.ARight BWrong CNot mentioned19、 There will be more women scientists than men scientists in the futureARight BWrong CNot mentioned20、 More children will study science if it becomes more attractive,ARight BWrong CNot mentioned21、 The image of the mad scientist is really encouraging to society.ARight BWrong CNot mentioned22、 The International Science Olympiads are held once every two years.ARight BWrong CNot mentioned三、概括大意与完成句子。Cloning (克隆) : Future Perfect? 1. A clone is all exact copy of a plant or animal produced from any one cell. Since Scottish scientists reported that they had managed to clone a sheep named Dolly in 1997, research into cloning has grown rapidly. In May 1998, scientists in Massachusetts managed to create two identical calves (牛犊) using cloning technology. A mouse has also been cloned successfully, But the debate over cloning humans really started when Chicago physicist Richard Seed made a surprising announcement:We will have managed to Clone a human being within the next two years, he told the world. 2. Seeds announcement provoked a lot of media attention, most of it negative. In Europe ,nineteen nations have already signed an agreement banning human cloning and in the US the President announced We will be introducing a law to ban all human cloning and many states in the US will have passed anti-cloning laws by the end of the year. 3, Many researchers are not so negative about cloning, They are worded that laws banning human cloning will threaten important research. In March, The New England Journal of Medicine called any plan to ban research on cloning humans seriously mistaken. Many researchers also believe that in spite of attempts to ban it, human cloning will have become routine by 2010 because it is impossible to stop the progress of science. 4. Is there reason to fear that cloning will lead to a nightmare world? The public has been bombarded (轰炸) with newspaper articles, television shows and films, as well as cartoons. Such information is often misleading, and makes people wonder what on earth the scientists will be doing next.Within the next five to ten years scientists will probably have found a way of cloning humans. It could be that pretty soon we will be able to choose the person that we want our child to look like. But how would it feel to be a clone among hundreds, the anti-cloners ask,. Pretty cool, answer the pro-cloners (赞成克隆的人).23、Paragraph 1_24、 Paragraph 2_25、 Paragraph 3_26、 Paragraph 4_AStrong reactionsBAnxiety about the future of cloningCThe right to chooseDWhat is cloning?EArguments in favor of cloningFA common sight27、 Richard Seed claimed to be able to clone_28、 Richard Seeds announcement received_29、 The United States will introduce_30、Within ten years scientists will probably have_Athe nucleus of a cellBcloned human beingsCa human being in two yearsDa law to ban human cloningEa report on human cloningFheavy media coverage四、阅读理解。 第一篇：More Than a Ride to School The National Education Association claims. The school bus is a mirror of the community. They further add that, unfortunately, what appears on the exterior does not always reflect the reality of a chosen community. They are fight - sometimes it reflects more! Just ask Liesl Denson. Riding the school bus has been more than a ride to school for Liesl. Bruce Hardy, school bus driver for Althouse BUS Company has been Liesls bus driver since kindergarten. Last year when Liesls family moved to Parkesburg, knowing her bus went by her new residence. She requested to ride the same bus. This year Liesl is a senior and will enjoy her last year riding the bus. She says, Its beena great ride so far! My bus driver is so cool and has always been a good friend and a good listener. Sometimes when youre a child adults do not think that what you have to say is important. Mr. Hardy always listens to what you have to say and makes you feel important. Her friends Ashley Bafista and Amanda Wolfe agree. Bruce Hardy has been making Octorara students feel special since 1975. This year he will celebrate 30 years working for Althouse Bus Company, Larry Althouse, president of the company, acknowledges Bruce Hardys outstanding record:You do not come by employees like Bruce these days. He has never missed a day of work and has a perfect driving record. He was recognized in 2000 by the Pennsylvania School Bus Association for driving 350,000accident free miles. Hardys reputation is made further evident through the relationships he has made with the students that ride his bus. Althouse further adds, Althouse Bus Company was established 70 years ago and has been providing quality transportation ever since. My grandfather started the business with one bus. Althouse Bus Company is delighted to have the opportunity to bring distinctive and safe service to our local school and community and looks forward to continuing to provide quality service for many more years to come. hree generations of business is not all the company has enjoyed. Thanks to drivers like Bruce Hardy, they have been building relationships through generations, Liesls mother Carolalso enjoys fond memories of riding Bruce Hardys bus to the Octorara School District.31.The word mirror in the first line could be best replaced by_Avehicle Bdevice Cneed Dreflection.32、 Bruce Hardy has been working with Althouse Bus Company_Afor 30 years Bfor 70 years Csince last year Dsince 200033、 Which of the following statements is NOT true of Bruce Hardy_?AHe is popular with his passengers.BHe has never missed a day of work.CHe is an impatient person.DHe has driven 350,000 accident free miles.34、 Althouse Bus Company was founded by_ALarry Althouse BAlehouses grandfather CLiesls mother DAshley Batista.35、 Althouse Bus Company pays much attention to_Aemploying young driversBrunning quality schoolsCproviding free driving lessonsDbuilding sound relationships第二篇： A Phone That Knows Youre Busy Its a modem problem: youre too busy to be disturbed by incessant (连续不断的) phone calls so you turn your cell phone off. But if you dont remember to turn it back on when youre less busy. You could miss some important calls if only the phone knew when it was wise to interrupt you, you wouldnt have to tum it off at all. InsteaD it could let calls through when you are not too busy.A bunch of behavior sensors (传感器) and a clever piece of software could do just that,by analyzing your behavior to determine if its a good time to interrupt you. If built into aphone, the system may decide youre too busy and ask the caller to leave a message or ring backlater. James Fogarty and Scott Hudson at Carnegie Mellon University in Pennsylvania based their system oil tiny microphones, cameras and touch sensors that reveal body language and activity. First they had to study different behaviors to find out which ones strongly predict whether your mind is interrupted.The potential busyness signals they focused on included whether the office doors were left open or close the time of day, if other people were with the person in question, how close they were to each other, and whether or not the computer was in use. The sensors monitored these and many other factors while four subjects were at work. Atrandom intervals, the subjects rated how interrupdble they were on a scale ranging from highly interruptible to highly not-interruptible. Their ratings were then correlated with the various behaviors . It is a shotgun (随意的) approach: we used all the indicators we could think of and then let statistics find out which were important, says Hudson. The model showed that using the key board and talking on a landline or to someone else inthe office correlated most strongly with how interruptible the subjects judged themselves to be. Interestingly, the computer was actually better than people at predicting when someone was too busy to be interrupted. The computer got it right 82 per cent of the time, humans 77 per cent. Fogarty speculates that this might be because people doing the interrupting are inevitably biased towards delivering their message, whereas computers dont care. The first application for Hudson and Fogartys system is likely to be in an instant messaging system, followed by office phones and cell phones. There is no technological roadblock ( 障碍) to it being deployed in a couple of years, says Hudson.36.A big problem facing people today is that Athey must tolerate phone disturbances or miss important callsBthey must turn off their phones to keep their homes quietCthey have to switch from a desktop phone to a cell phoneDthey are too busy to make phone calls37、 The behavior sensor and software system built in a phone Acould help store messagesBcould send messages instantlyCcould tell when it is wise to interrupt youDcould identify important phone calls38、 Scientists at Carnegie Menon University tried to find out Awhy office doors were often left openBwhen it was a good time to turn off the computerCwhat questions office workers were bothered withDwhich behaviors could tell whether a person was busy39、 During the experiment, the subjects were asked Ato control the sensors and the cameraBto rate the degrees to which they could be interruptedCto compare their behaviors with othersDto analyze all the indicators of interruption40、 The computer performed better than people in the study because Athe computer worked harder Bthe computer was not busyCpeople tended to be biased Dpeople were not good at statistics第三篇 T he Exploding Lakes of Cameroon What comes to mind when you think of a lake? You probably imagine a pretty scene with blue water, birds, and fish. For the people in the northwestern Cameroon, however, the image is very different. For them, lakes may mean terrible disasters. In 1984, poisonous gases exploded outof Lake Monoun and came down into the nearby villages, killing thirty-seven people. Two years later, Lake Nyos erupted. A cloud of gases rolled down the hills and into the valleys and killed 1,700 people. Lake Nyos and Lake Monoun are crater (火山口) lakes They were formed when water collected in the craters of old volcanoes. The volcanoes under Lake Nyos and Lake Monoun are not active anymore. However, poisonous gases from the center of the earth continue to flow up through cracks in the bottom of the lake. This is normal in a crater lake. In most crater lakes, these gases are released often because the water turns over regularly. That is, the water from the bottom of the lake rises and mixes with the water at the top, allowing the gases to escape slowly. However, in Lakes Nyos and Monoun, there is no regular turning over. No one knows the reason for this fact, but as a result, these lakes have more gases tapped at the bottom than other crater lakes. In fact, scientists who have studied Lakes Nyos and Monoun have found 16,000times more gases. When a strong wind cool weather a storm, or a landslide (滑坡) causes the water to turn over suddenly, the gases escape in a violent explosion. In the past, no one knew when the gases might explode, so there was no way for thevillagers to escape disaster. Now scientists from the United States, France, and Cameroon have found a way to reduce the gas pressure at the bottom of Lake Nyos. They stood a 672-footplastic pipe in the middle of the lake, with one end of the pipe near the bottom and the other end in the air. Near the top of the pipe, the team put several holes that could be opened or closed by a computer. Now, when the gas pressure gets too high, the holes are opened and some of the gas-filled water shoots up through the pipe into the air like a fountain. With less pressure, a disastrous explosion is much less likely. However, the scientists are not sure that one pipe will be enough to prevent explosions. They hope to put in others soon and they plan to install a similar pipe and a computer system at Lake Monoun as well. To protect people nearby until all of the pipes are in place, the scientists have in stalled early warning systems at both lakes. If the gas pressure rises to a dangerous level, computers will set off loud sirens (劲爆) and bright lights to warn the people in the villages. That way, they will have time to escape from the dangerous gases.41.What will happen when Lake Nyos and Lake Monoun explode_?AWater will flow down the hillsBPoisonous gases will be released suddenly.CA strong wind will rise from the lakesDThe volcanoes will come to life.42、 Which of the following statements about Lake Nyos and Lake Monoun is true_?AThey were formed in 1984.BThey are at the top of two active volcanoes.CThey are not like most other crater lakes.DWater in them turns over regularly.43、 Lake Nyos and Lake Monoun explode because_Athe gases rise to the top and mix with airBpeople from the villages turn over the waterCscientists have put in a c