初三系列复习资料(8)宾语从句考点集汇,讲解和训练.doc

九年级复习资料（8）宾语从句考点集汇，讲解和训练中考对宾语从句的考查主要集中在以下几个方面：1. 引导宾语从句的连词和代词选择；2. 宾语从句的语序；3. 宾语从句的时态。考查的主要形式是单项填空、完型填空、短文填空和完成句子。阅读理解和书面表达肯定也要用到宾语从句。一. 宾语从句的种类宾语从句是一种名词性从句，在句中作及物动词的宾语，或介词的宾语，或形容词的宾语。根据引导宾语从句的不同连词，宾语从句可分为三类。1. 由that引导的宾语从句。That只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。例如：He said (that) he wanted to stay at home.She doesnt know (that) she is seriously ill.I am sure (that) he will succeed.2. 由连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which和连接副词when, where, why, how引导的宾语从句。这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。例如：Do you know who (whom) they are waiting foe?He asked whose handwriting was the best.Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is?I dont know why the train is late.3. 由if或whether引导的宾语从句。If和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。例如：I want to know if (whether) he lives there.He asked me whether (if) I could help him.二. 宾语从句的语序宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序。例如：I hear (that) physics isnt easy.I think (that) you will like this school soon.Can you tell me how I can get to zoo?Please tell me when well have the meeting.三. 宾语从句的时态1. 如果主句的时态是一般现在时，宾语从句该用什麽时态就用什麽时态。如：I dont think (that) you are right.Please tell us where he is.Can you tell me how I can get to the railway station?2. 如果主句的时态是一般过去时，宾语从句只能用相应的过去时态（一般过去时， 过去进行时， 过去将来时，过去完成时）。例如：He asked what time it was.He told me that he was preparing for the sports meet.He asked if you had written to Peter.He said that he would go back to the U.S. soon.3. 如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理，其时态常用一般现在时。例如：Our teacher said that January is the first month of the year.Scientists have proved that the earth turns around the sun.【中考范例】1. (2004年北京市中考试题) Miss Green didnt tell us _ in 2002. A. where does she live B. Where she lives C. where did she live D. where she lived 【解析】答案：D。该题考查的是宾语从句的语序和时态。宾语从句应用陈述句的语序和时态，所以应选D。2. (2004年上海市徐汇区中考试题) Would you please tell me _? A. when did he come home B. where he would play football C. if he had seen the film D. why he didnt watch the game 【解析】答案：D。该题考查的是宾语从句的语序和时态。主句用的实际上是现在时，宾语从句在这个句子里应用陈述句的语序和一般过去时。3. (2004年哈尔滨市中考试题) I dont know when _. A. will the train leave B. the train will leave C. would the train leave D. the train leave 【解析】答案：B。该题考查的是宾语从句的语序和时态。只有B在语序和时态上符合要求。4. (2004年常州市中考试题) -We dont know _. -It is said that he was born in Sweden. A. what he is B. if he lives here C. where he comes from D. which country is he from 【解析】答案: C。该题考查的是宾语从句的语序。按照他们谈论的话题可知：他们说的是某人是哪里人。A和B可以排除掉。D的语序不对，只有C正确。【满分演练】一. 单项填空1. Do you know _ during the coming summer holiday? A. what will Tom do B. what did Tom do C. what Tom will do D. what Tom did2. I want to know_. A. what is his name B. whats his name C. that his name is D. what his name is3. Do you know _ I could pass the exam? A. that B. whether C. what D. which4. Jim doesnt understand _. A. which is the way to the museum B. why his wife always goes shopping C. what is the way to the museum D. why does she always go shopping5. -Could you tell me _ she is looking for? A. that B. whose C. who D. which6. Mr. King didnt know _ yesterday evening. A. when does his son come home B. when his son comes home C. when did his son come home D. when his son came home7. Could you tell me _ the bike this morning? A. how does he mend B. how he mends C. how he mended D. how did he mend8. -Im waiting for the mail. Do you know _ it will arrive? -Usually it comes by 4: 00. A. how B. where C. when D. what9. -Excuse me, would you please tell me _? -Certainly. Go straight along here. Its next to a hospital. A. how we can get to the post office B. how can we get to the post office C. how get to the post office D. how could we get to the post office10. -Can I help you? -Yes. Id like a ticket to Mount Emei. Can you tell me _ take to get there? A. how soon will it B. how soon it will C. how long it will D. how long will it11. He wanted to know _. A. whether he speaks at the meeting B. when the meeting would start C. what hes going to do at the meeting D. where would the meeting be held 12. -Could you tell me _ the Bamboo Garden? -The day after tomorrow, I think. A. when will you visit B. when you will visit C. when would you visit D. when you would visit13. Would you please tell me _ next, Mr Wang? A. what should we do B. we should do what C. what we should do D. should we do what14. You cant imagine _ when they received these nice Christmas presents. A. how they were excited B. how excited they were C. how excited were they D. they were how excited15. I want to know _ you will come back at 8:00 tomorrow. A. that B. when C. where D. whether16. -Could you tell me _? -Sorry, I dont know. I was not at the meeting. A. what does he say at the meeting B. what did he say at the meeting C. what he says at the meeting D. what he said at the meeting17. -Could you tell me _ last night? -Er, I was watching Euro 2004 at home. A. what you were doing B. what were you doing C. what you are doing D. what are you doing18. The teacher asked the students _. A. if they were interested in dinosaurs B. when was Albert Einstein born C. what they will do with the computers D. how many trees they have planted19. Every morning the patients are asked if _ their temperature taken. A. they had had B. have they had C. they have had D. had they had20. Its up to you to decide _ youll go there, by air or by road. A. how B. why C. that D. when二. 根据汉语句子的意思完成下列英语句子1. 李明说他对玩电脑游戏感兴趣。 Li Ming says _ _ interested in playing computer games.2. 我认为玛丽不回来了。 I dont think Mary _ _.3. 山姆给我说他准备去上海。 Sam told me that he _ _ for Shanghai.4. 请你告诉我去钟楼怎麽走吗？ Could you tell me _ I can get to the Bell Tower?5. 父亲说他买了一台新电脑。 Father said that he _ _ a new computer.6. 我想知道今天晚上还有没有去北京的火车。 I want to know _ there is a train to Beijing.7. 你知道一个双人间多少钱吗？ Do you know _ _ a double room _?8. 请你告诉我我们外出多长时间好吗？ Could you tell me _ _ were going to be away?9. 叔叔说他正在写一本新小说。 Uncle said that he _ _ a new novel.10. 杰克说他有重要事情要做。 Jack said he _ something important to do.【练习答案】一. 1.C 2.D 3.B 4.B 5.C 6.D 7.C 8.C 9.A 10.C 11.B 12.B 13.C 14.B 15.D 16.D 17.A 18.A 19.C 20.A二. 1.he is 2.will come 3.was leaving 4.how 5.had bought 6.if (whether) 7.how much 8.how long 9.was writing 10.had宾语从句连接词妙用 一、 当由陈述句充当宾语从句时，用that引导，that 无词义，在口语或非正式文体中常省略。如：She said that she would leave the message on the headmasters desk. 她说她会把留言条放在校长桌子上。He said that he could finish his work before supper.他说他会在晚饭前完成工作。二、当由一般疑问句充当宾语从句时，用if 或whether 引导，意为“是否”。如：Alice wanted to know if/whether her grandmother liked the bag. 爱丽斯想知道她祖母是否喜欢这个包。I dont know whether hell come the day after tomorrow. 我不知道他后天是否会来。但在下列情况下只能用whether：1. 在具有选择意义,又有or 或or not 时，尤其是直接与or not 连用时,往往用whether(if or not 也可以使用)。如：Let me know whether / if he will come or not.(= Let me know whether or not he will come ) 让我知道他是否能来。I dont know whether / if he does any washing or not.(= I dont know whether or not he does any washing. ) 我不知道他在家洗不洗衣服。I wonder whether we stay or whether we go. 我想知道我们是去还是留。2. 在介词之后用whether 。如：Im interested in whether he likes English. 我关心的是他是否喜欢英语。Were thinking about whether we can finish the work on time. 我们正在考虑是否能按时完成这项工作。I was worried about whether I hurt her feelings. 我担心是否伤害了她的感情。3. 在不定式前用whe