2014届高三英语二轮专题测试：阅读理解39.doc

2014届高三英语二轮专题测试：阅读理解1.阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项。In the past two decades, the Chinese economy has undergone many reforms in an effort to compete more effectively on the international marketThese reforms included allowing foreign hanks to offer credit cards to Chinese citizens, Now, researchers at the University of Missouri （MU）have found about 30 percent of Chinese urban households now own at least one credit card and the growth rate of credit card adoption has been an average of 40 percent per year between 2004 and 2009Rui Yao, an assistant professor of personal financial planning at MU, says that this large growth in such a small amount of time has positive and negative implications for the Chinese economyWith more and more people taking advantage of credit in China, it certainly increases potential consumer buying power, Yao saidHowever, we found that more than 90 percent of non-credit card users were unaware of safety issues existing in credit card use and more than 60 percent had little knowledge of the consequences of credit card debtThus lack of knowledge could create problems as credit card ownership is expected to grow at a rate of I percent a yearYao found that would 72 percent of Chinese credit card holders were never late on their payments, only 55 percent were able to pay the full balanceShe also found that 70 percent of Clones credit card holders said that credit cards contributed to overspendingYao believes the Chinese could benefit from facial education designed to help them plan for their financial future and encouraging the Chinese to take advantage of debt in a responsible fashion is important for the Chinese economyAppropriate use of debt can help households improve their quality of life as well as spur economic growth through an increase in market purchases Yao said61Why did China allow foreign banks to offer credit cards to Chinese citizens?ATo increase Chinese citizens confidence in economy BTo respond to the urgent demand for financial reformsCTo improve competitiveness in the international marketDTo persuade more Chinese citizens to accept credit cards62What is mainly talked about in Paragraph 3?AThe potential market purchases in the futureBWeaknesses caused by lack of credit risksCThe rapid growth in credit card ownershipDAdvantages and disadvantages fusing credit63A lot of figures are used in the text in order to .Arecord the valuable data Bprovide concrete evidenceCintroduce a research method Dgive a detailed description64It can be inferred from the text that .Asome Chinese citizens lack knowledge of credit risksBeducation is the only solution to future financial issuesCoverspending is mainly brought about by credit cardsDmost Chinese credit card holders cant pay the balance65The underlined word spur in the last paragraph is closest in meaning to ”Acontrol Bdelay CpromoteDdiscourage2.阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项。To win an Oscar is an achievement at any ageTo do so at 22, as Jennifer Lawrence has, is just amazingRecently, the American star won Best Actress at this years Academy Awards for her role in the film Silver Linings PlaybookAccording to Time magazines Richard Corliss, Lawrence is that rare young actress who lends a mature intelligence to any role Though Lawrence has found great success through her big screen work, Lawrence wasnt sure what she really liked doing before the age of 14She thought shed go to college and maybe find a career as a doctor or a travel agent Lawrences two brothers were star athletes and one of them was a straight-A studentUnlike them, she suffered through school, never quite finding where she belongedHowever, during a trip to New York, Lawrence suddenly realized that she wanted to be an actressWhen she was enjoying the beautiful city, a model seeker asked if he could take her picture, and the next day he called her in for an audition(试镜） I read the script and it was the first time I had that feeling like I understand this, Lawrence saidWithin 20 minutes, in the cab ride from the hotel room, I decided I didnt want to be a modelIn fact, I wanted to be an actress Having appreciated this young ladys performance, the agency was so impressed with her reading that they signed her on the spotBut she insisted on finishing high school so she could give her full attention to her acting career Lawrence burst onto the Hollywood scene last year with Thelounger Games, which established her as the highest-grossing （标房最高的） female action hero offal timeRolling Stone called her “the most talented young actress in America56Which of the following is true of Jennifer Lawrence?AShe achieved her dream by chanceBShe used to be a well-known modelCShe was awarded by the Academy AwardsDShe wanted to be an actress at an early age57What can we know about Jennifer Lawrence from Paragraph 3?AHer parents were really strict with herBShe seemed not to fit in her school days wellCHer school performance made her todays fameDHer two brothers were doing well in all school subjects58Lawrence made up her mind to be an actress because of Aa model interview Bher brothers examples Cthe taxi-ride to her hotel room Dthe beautiful scenery of New York59From the text we can know that Lawrence is an actress of great .Aconfidence Bambition Cindependence Dtalent60What is the best title of the text?AChoosing Right BActing WiselyCWinning YoungDFollowing Dreams3.根据短文内容，从其后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。Lack of sleep switches offgenes One week of bad sleep can swStch off” hundreds of genes and raise the risk of a host of illnesses which iS linked to higher bodyweights or heart disease, scientists claim 7 1 Getting fewer than six hours sleep per night can switch off genes in the body according to a new study Our bodies depend on genes to produce a constant supply of proteins which are used to replace or repair damaged tissue, but after a week of lacking in sleep some of genes stopped working 72 Scientists from Surrey University divided 26 volunteers into two groups, one of which slept for less than six hours per night for a whole week, and one which slept for ten hours per nightAt the end of the week each group was kept awake for 40 hours and donated blood samples, which were studied to examine the effects of their sleep states 73 Although a weeks normal sleep was enough to restore the affected genes to their normal pattern, researchers said that long periods of sleeplessness could lead to serious health problems including heart disease 74 Prof Colin Smith, one of the authors of the new paper, which was published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences journal, said: This is only a week of short time sleeping and it is only five and a half or six hours night, Many people have that amount of sleep for weeks, months and maybe, even years so we have no idea how much worse it might be. If these processes continue to be disordered, you could see how you are going to get damage of organs, tissues, heart disease, etc 75AGenes in our bodies play a key role in the constant process of self-repairBThe group of lack of sleeping was found to have changed the function of 711 genesCThe other participants were monitored as they slept with their rest disturbed on some of the nights.DThe results suggest that shorter sleep provides a more permissive environment only for heart diseaseEIf you are not able to repair cells and tissues that are damaged then you are going to suffer permanent ill health.FStudies have also shown the lack of sleep can lead to some other problems, for example limiting our ability to drive a car safelyGThe findings suggest that long-lasting lack of sleep could prevent the body from fully repairing itself and raise the risk of a host of diseases4.阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。Only two countries in the advanced world provide no guarantee for paid leave from work to care for a newsborn childLast spring one of the two, Australia, gave up the dubious distinction by establishing paid family leave starting in 2011I wasnt surprised when this didnt make the news here in the United States - were now the only wealthy country without such a policy The United States does have one explicit family policy, the Family and Medical Leave Act, passed in 1993It entitles workers to as much as 12 weeks unpaid leave for care of a newsboy or dealing with a family medical problemIn spite of the modesty of the benefit, the Chamber of Commerce and other business groups fo:ight it bittery, describing it as government-run personnel management and a dangerous precedent（先例）In fact, every step of the way, as Democratic leaders have tried to introduce work-family balance measures into the laxv, business groups have been strongly opposedAs Yale law professor Anne Alcott argues, justifying parentai support depends on defining the Family as a social good that, ill some sense, society must pay forIn her book No Exit: What Parents Owe Their Children and What Society Owes Parents, she argues that parents are burdened in many ways in their lives: there is no exit when it comes to children. “Society expects - and needs -parents to provide their children with continuity of care, meaning the intensive, intimate care that hum art beings need to develop their intellectual, emotional and moral capabilities, And society expects- and needs - parents to persist in their roles for 18 years, or longer if neededWhile most parents do this out of love, there are public punishments for not providing careWhat parents do, in other words, is of deep concern to the state, for the obvious reason that caring for children is not only morally urgent but essential for the future of societyThe state recognizes this in the large body of family laws that govern cl,ildrens welfare, yet parents receive little help in meeting the life-changing responsibilities society imposesTo classify parenting as a personal choice for which there is no collective responsibility is not merely to ignore the social benefits of good parenting; really, it is to steal those benefits because they accrue（不断积累） to the whole of society as todays children become tomorrows productive citizens, In fact, by some estimates, the value of parental investments in children, investments of time and money （including lost wages）, is equal to 20-30% of entire domestic productIf these investments generate huge social benefits - as they clearly do the benefits of providing more social support for the family should be that much clearer67What do we learn about paid fancily leave from the first paragraph?AAmerica is now the only developed country without the policyBIts meaning was clarified when it was established in AustraliaCIt came as a surprise when Australia adopted the policy.DIt has now become a hot topic in the United States68What is Professor Anne Alcotts argument for parental support?AThe cost of raising children in the UShas been growingBThe U. Sshould keep up with other developed countries,CGood parenting benefits societyDChildren need continuous care69What does the author think of Americas large body of family Yaws governing childrens welfare?AThey fail to ensure childrens healthy growthBThey fail to provide enough support for parents,CThey emphasize parents legal responsibilitiesDThey impose the care of children on parents,70Why does the author object to classifying parenting as a personal choice?AIt is regarded as a legal obligationBIt relies largely on social supportCIt is basically a social undertakingDIt produces huge social benefits5.阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。Is it possible to persuade mankind to live without war? War is an ancient institution,-which has existed for at least six thousand yearsIt was always bad and usually foolish, but in the past human race managed to live with itModern inventiveness has changed thisEither man will end war, or war will end manFor the present, it is nuclear weapons that cause the most serious danger, but bacteriological（使用细菌的）or chemical weapons may, before Iong, offer an even greater threatIf we succeed in ending nuclear weapons, our work will not be doneIt will never be done until we have succeeded in ending warTo do this, we need to persuade mankind to look upon international questions in a new way, not as contests of force, in which the victory goes to the side which is most skillful in kiting people, but by agreement with principles of lawIt is not easy to, change very old mental habits, but this is what must be attemptedThere are those who say that the adoption of this or that ideology（观念，思想意识）would prevent warI believe this to be a big errorAll ideologies are based upon dogmatic statements that are, at best, doubtful, and at worst, totally falseTheir adherents （追随者，支持者） believe in them so fanaticallythat they are willing to go to war in support of themThe movement of world opinion during the past few years has been very largely such as we can welcomeIt has become a commonplace that nuclear war must be avoidedOf course very difficult problems remain in the world, but the spirit in which they are being approached is a better one than it was some years agoIt has begun to be thought, even by the powerful men who decide whether we shall live or die, that negotiations should reach agreements even if both sides do not find these agreements wholly satisfactoryIt has begun to be understood that the important conflict nowadays is not between different countries, but between man and the atom bomb64In the sentence To do this, we need to persuade mankind （Para l）, this refers to .Aabolish war Bimprove weaponsCsolve international problemsDlive a peaceful life65From Paragraph 2 we loam that the author of the passage .Ais an adherent of some modern ideologiesBdoes not doubt the truth of any ideologiesCbelieve that the adoption of some ideology could prevent warDdoes not think that adoption of any ideology could prevent war66The last paragraph suggests that Anuclear war will definitely not take placeBman begins to realize the danger ofnuclear warCnuclear war has already been understood by peopleDimitational agreements can be reached more easily now6.阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。When e-mail first came into general use about twenty years ago, there was a lot of talk about the arrival of the paperless officeHowever, it seems that e-mail has yet to revolutionize office communicationAccording to communications analyst Richard Metcalf, some offices have actually seen an increase in paper as a result of e-mailInformation in the form of e-mal messages now floods our computer screensThese messages can be sent so quickly that memos（备忘录） tend to be distributed in the hundredsFor those secretaries whose bosses ask them to print out all their e-mails and leave them in their in-trays, this means using up a great deal of paper every month, Metcalf saysMetcalf has found that because some e-mails get lost in cyberspace, important documents are increasingly likely to be asked by clients（客户）and colleagues to send all important documents both by e-mail and by fax or snail mail - through the postThis highlights a further potential problem with e-mail in todays offices - it is taking up time rather than saving itWith e-mail, communication is much easier, but there is also more room for misunderstandings, says psychologist Dr David LewisGenerally, much less care is taken with e-mails than with letters or faxes and the sender will probably print the document and reread it before putting it in an envelope or sending it by faxMore worrying is still the increasing misuse of e mail for sending flame-mail - abusive or inappropriate e-mail messages, Recent research in several companies suggests that aggressive communications like this are on the increaseE-mail has become the perfect medium for expressing workplace dissatisfaction because it is so instantE-mail can also be a problem in other waysStaffs all too often make the mistake of thinking that the contents fan e-mail, like things said over the phone, are private and not permanentBut it is not o